Yini impompo yemoto wokubacindezela?

Amaphampu e-hydraulic asetshenziswa kwezinye zezinhlelo zezimoto ezibucayi kakhulu. Ngenxa yabo, uhlelo lwamabhuleki, ukuqondisa kanye nezinye izinhlelo ezibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwemoto zingasebenza ngaphandle kokwehluleka, futhi imoto ngaphandle kokuphuka.

Uyini futha wokubacindezela

Ngaphandle kwepompo wokubacindezela, isondo lokushayela alikwazi ukujika kalula
Uma uke washayela imoto ngaphandle kwesiteringi esisebenza ngogesi, uyazi ukuthi kunzima kanjani ukujika isiteringi, ikakhulukazi ngejubane eliphansi. Ngenhlanhla, izimoto esizishayelayo namuhla azinazo izinkinga ezinjalo, futhi isiteringi siphenduka kalula futhi ngaphandle kwezinkinga sibonga i ... futha wokubacindezela.

Isebenza kanjani?
Ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho uvula isondo lokushayela lemoto yakho, iphampu ye-hydraulic inikezela uketshezi (i-hydraulic) ngaphansi kwengcindezi kudondolo lokuqondisa. Njengoba le nduku inamathele esiterini kanye nasegiyeni elishayela amasondo, kungenzeka ukujika isondo ngaphandle kwenkinga nokwenza kube lula ukushayela.

Zisetshenziswa futhi ekumisweni kwe-hydraulic
I-Hydraulic suspension iwuhlobo lokumiswa olusebenzisa ama-shock absorbers azimele. Lolu hlobo lokumiswa lulawulwa yiphaneli eliphakathi ngaphakathi komshini, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, ama-absorber azimele okumiswa kokumiswa asebenzisa amaphampu we-hydraulic ukwandisa nokunciphisa ingcindezi.

Kuyini futha wokubacindezela?
Ngokuvamile, le mpompo uhlobo lwedivayisi oluguqula amandla womshini abe ngamandla wokubacindezela. Lapho isebenza, yenza imisebenzi emibili ngasikhathi sinye:

OkokuqalaUkwenza kwaso ngomshini kudala isikhala lapho kungena khona ipompo, okuvumela ingcindezi yasemoyeni ukuphoqa uketshezi olusuka ethangini luye empompini.
Okwesibilifuthi, ngenxa yengcindezi yomshini, ipompo iletha lolu ketshezi endaweni yokuphuma yepompo bese iyiphoqa ukuthi "idlule" ohlelweni lwe-hydraulic ukwenza umsebenzi wayo.
Ngokwakhiwa, amaphampu wokubacindezela ahlukaniswe ngezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko:

• Igiya amaphampu
• Lamellar amaphampu
• I-Axial piston amaphampu
• I-Radial piston amaphampu

Kungani amaphampu wokubacindezela ehluleka kakhulu?

• Umthwalo ophezulu - Uma umthwalo wepompo uphezulu kakhulu, awukwazi ukusebenza ngokuphumelelayo, okuholela ku-shaft yokufaka esontekile noma ephukile, izinkinga ezithwalayo, nokuningi.
• Ukugqwala - ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukugqwala kungakheka epompo, kubangele ukugqwala kwensimbi kanye nezinkinga ngepompo.
• Ukuntuleka koketshezi - uma kungekho uketshezi olwanele epompo (eliphansi kuneleveli evamile) noma amapayipi angusayizi ongalungile futhi angahlinzeki kahle ngokugeleza kwamanzi, lokhu kungalimaza iphampu.
• Ukucindezela ngokweqile – Izilungiselelo zokucindezela zishintshiwe. Amaphampu e-hydraulic awadali ingcindezi, adala ukugeleza futhi amelane nengcindezi. Lapho ingcindezi ohlelweni idlula ukuklama kwepompo, iwonakele
• Ukungcola - ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uketshezi luyangcoliswa futhi alusakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yalo. Uma i-hydraulic fluid ingashintshi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, khona-ke ama-deposit akheka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okuphazamisa ukusebenza okuphumelelayo kwepompo futhi ayeke ukusebenza kahle.

Kufanele kushintshwe nini futha wokubacindezela?

Izindaba ezimnandi ukuthi amaphampu ajwayelekile wokubacindezela alula futhi amangele ekwakheni futhi angahlala iminyaka. Lapho leso sikhathi sifika kuncike ezintweni eziningi ezifana nesitayela sokushayela, umfutho wokushayela, ikhwalithi yepompo nohlobo, njll., Njll.

Izinkinga zokupompa umfutholuketshezi

Izimpawu ezibonisa isidingo sokufaka esikhundleni sepompo:

• Uma ijika ekhoneni, imoto ibonakala sengathi iyangabaza futhi ijike ngasohlangothini olulodwa
• Imisindo engajwayelekile njengokungqongqoza nokushaya amakhwela ingazwakala lapho ujika
• Ukuphathwa kuba nzima
• I-valve yempompo iyeka ukusebenza kahle nangendlela efanele
• Kukhona ukuvuza kukawoyela noma we-hydraulic fluid

Ukulungiswa kwepompo ye-Hydraulic

Nakuba, njengoba kushiwo, le futha inomklamo olula, uma ungenalo ulwazi oluhle lobuchwepheshe, isixazululo esingcono kakhulu kuwe ukufuna usizo lomakhenikha abaqeqeshiwe ukuze ubone futhi ulungise inkinga. Uma inkinga ingenkulu kakhulu, khona-ke iphampu ingalungiswa futhi iqhubeke ikusebenzela isikhashana, kodwa uma inkinga inkulu, ipompo kufanele ishintshwe ngokuphelele.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi unolwazi futhi ufuna ukukuzama, nakhu ukuthi ungayilungisa kanjani futha yakho yesiteringi ngokwakho.

Ngaphambi kokuqala ukulungisa, kuhle ukubheka ukuthi uketshezi luphi ethangini bese ulukhuphula kancane. Kungani? Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho uhlola, kuvela ukuthi ipompo lihlelekile, futhi alukho uketshezi olwanele, oluphazamisa ukusebenza kwalo okujwayelekile.

Uma inkinga ingekho kuketshezi, khona-ke ukulungiswa kufanele kuqalwe.

Izinyathelo eziyisisekelo zokulungisa iphampu ye-hydraulic esiteshini sokushayela:

• Ukuthenga izingxenye ngokuvamile kuyinkinga ngama-bearings, ama-washers noma ama-seal, kodwa uma ungafuni ukwenza iphutha, kungcono ukuthenga yonke ikhithi yepompo yokuqondisa.
• Amathuluzi - lungisa ama-wrenches nama-screwdrivers, izindandatho ezifakwayo, isitsha kanye nocezu lwepayipi ukukhipha uketshezi endaweni yokugcina amanzi, i-rag ehlanzekile yokusula, ucezu oluhlanzekile lwekhadibhodi, i-sandpaper enhle.
• Ukulungiswa, ipompo kufanele ihlukaniswe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thola indawo okuyo, ukhulule kancane i-axle bolt uyivikele kukhonsoli
• Sebenzisa ipayipi ukukhipha uketshezi lwe-hydraulic kusuka kupompo
• Susa isikulufu bese ususa wonke amabhawodi namapayipi axhunywe kupompo bese uwususa
• Hlanza ngokuphelele ipompo ekungcoleni nakumafutha okunamathela kuyo. Sula ngendwangu ehlanzekile uze uqiniseke ukuthi ihlanzekile ngokwanele ukuba iqale ukuhlangana.
• Susa indandatho yokugcina
• Khulula izikulufa zokulungisa ikhava yangemuva
• Hlanganisa zonke izingxenye zephampu ngokucophelela. Susa izingxenye ngazinye, ukhumbule ukufaka izinombolo uzibeke ngokwahlukana ukuze ungenzi amaphutha lapho uzifaka.
• Hlola zonke izingxenye ngokucophelela bese uzihlikihla kancane nge-sandpaper.
• Hlola izakhi zephampu ezingalungile bese ubeka izingxenye ezingalunganga ezintsha.
• Hlanganisa kabusha iphampu ngokuhleleka okuphambene.
• Faka esikhundleni salokho futhi, hlanganisa kabusha wonke ama-hoses, qiniseka ukuthi uqinisa wonke amabhele namantongomane kahle, futhi ugcwalise futhi uketshezi.
• Uma uphumelela, usuvele unempompo ye-hydraulic esebenza ngokuphelele esiteringini sakho.

Uma ngemuva kokususa ipompo le-hydraulic kuvela ukuthi kunezingxenye eziningi ezizomiselela, mane ubeke enye entsha esikhundleni sayo. Uma uthatha isinqumo sokwenza lokhu, kufanele uqaphele kakhulu ekukhetheni kwakho.

Zinike isikhathi sokubheka amamodeli ahlukahlukene, ubone ukuthi ayayifanela yini imodeli yemoto yakho, futhi uma ukuthola kunzima ukuzikhethela, thintana nabakhiqizi bezimoto ukuze uthole izincomo noma uthintane nomakhenikha ofanelekayo noma umsebenzi esitolo sezingxenye zezimoto.

Khetha futhi uthenge ngokucophelela ezitolo ezikhethekile okungenzeka zinikeze izingxenye ezenzakalelayo zekhwalithi. Ngale ndlela, ungaqiniseka ukuthi iphampu entsha oyifaka emotweni yakho isezingeni eliphakeme futhi izokusebenzela iminyaka ezayo.

Iphampu liyingxenye ebalulekile yohlelo lokubhaka amabhuleki
Mhlawumbe elinye lamaphampu abaluleke kakhulu emotweni yileli eliku-cylinder yamabhuleki emoto. Lesi silinda sinesibopho sokuphusha uketshezi lwamabhuleki emigqeni yamabhuleki ukuya kuma-brake caliper ukuze imoto ime ngokuphepha.

Iphampu ye-hydraulic ekulesi silinda idala amandla adingekayo (ingcindezi) ukuvumela abashayeli bamabhuleki ukuthi bashayele amadiski namaphayiphu ukumisa imoto. Kulokhu, iphampu ye-hydraulic idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni okubushelelezi nokungenasici kohlelo lokuphambana kwemoto.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Yini i-hydraulics ngamagama alula? Lolu uhlelo oludlulisa amandla ukusuka kudrayivu kuya ku-actuator (i-pedal - brake caliper) ngomugqa ovaliwe ogcwele uketshezi olusebenzayo.

Uyini umshini wokubacindezela? Iyunithi enjalo iyakwazi ukuhambisa uketshezi noma igesi futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ikhiqiza amandla ngenxa yesenzo soketshezi olunyakazayo ku-impeller yayo (isibonelo, isiguquli se-torque ekudluliseni okuzenzakalelayo).

Iyini imishini ye-hydraulic? Umshini we-hydraulic onama-blade noma amapuleti, one-radial-plunger noma i-axial-plunger mechanism, i-hydraulic motor, i-torque converter, i-screw supercharger, i-hydraulic cylinder.