Iyini i-plywood?

         

Amabhodi we-plywood noma "amashidi" ahlanganisa izingqimba ezintathu noma ngaphezulu ezincane zokhuni lwemvelo oluhlanganiswe ndawonye.

Izendlalelo zaziwa ngokuthi "izingqimba", yingakho igama elithi "plywood". Njengomthetho, i-plywood ikhudlwana, izingqimba eziningi zinezingqimba.

        

Kuyimpahla eguquguqukayo enohlu olukhulu lwezinhlelo zokusebenza, kusukela ekumbozweni kodonga naphansi kuya ekubunjweni kukakhonkolo, ifenisha yomklami kanye nokupakishwa. 

        

I-Plywood inamandla kakhulu kunezinye izinto zeshidi ezenziwe ngokhuni njenge-medium density fibreboard (MDF).

Bheka ikhasi lethu Yini i-MDF?, ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe nge-Medium Density Fibreboard.

        

Amandla e-plywood abangelwa ukuthi isiqondiso semicu yesendlalelo ngasinye siyashintshana ngokuphathelene nezingqimba eziseduze.

         

        

Ukuzungezisa kokuqondisa okusanhlamvu kongqimba ngalunye, okubizwa ngokuthi okusanhlamvu okuphambene, kuvame ukuba ama-degree angu-90 (i-engeli engakwesokudla). Lokhu kusho ukuthi okusanhlamvu kolunye ungqimba luqondiswe ohlangothini olufanayo, futhi ungqimba luqondiswe nge-engeli engu-90 degree phakathi kwazo. Kodwa-ke, i-engeli yokujikeleza ingaba ngaphansi njenge-degrees angu-30. Kwamanye amapulangwe aminyene, izingqimba eziyisikhombisa zingahle zihlelwe ngokulandelana kuma-engeli angu-0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, kanye nama-degree angu-180).

       

Ukuphenduka okusanhlamvu kunezinzuzo eziningi. Lokhu:

• Yehlisa ithuba lokuhlukana lapho amashidi ebethelwa emaphethelweni

• Yehlisa ukunwetshwa kanye nokuncipha ukuze kube nokuqina kohlangothi olungcono

• Inikeza i-plywood amandla angaguquki kuzo zonke izinkomba kulo lonke ibhodi. 

        

Umlando omfushane wePlywood

   

EGibhithe lasendulo

Imikhiqizo yokhuni eyenziwe eGibhithe lasendulo cishe ngo-3500 BC iyizibonelo zokuqala ezaziwayo zokusetshenziswa kweplywood. Zazenziwe nge-sawn veneer enamathiselwe ngokuphambana, njenge-plywood yesimanje.

        

China, England kanye France

Cishe eminyakeni eyinkulungwane edlule, AmaShayina ayehlela ukhuni alunamathisele ukuze enze ifenisha.

AbaseBrithani nabaFulentshi benza amaphaneli ngesisekelo esifanayo kusuka ku-plywood ngekhulu le-17 nele-18.

        

Kusukela ekhaya kuya ekwakheni

Izibonelo zakuqala ze-plywood, ngokuvamile ezenziwe ngamapulangwe aqinile okuhlobisa, zazivame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni izinto zasendlini njengamakhabhinethi, isifuba, ama-countertops, neminyango.

I-Softwood plywood ezosetshenziswa ekwakheni yavela ngekhulu lama-20.

         

Isetshenziselwa ini?

   

Uhla olukhulu lwezinhlelo zokusebenza

Ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kweplywood, ngaphakathi nangaphandle, bubonakala bungapheli. Ekwakhiweni, ingasetshenziswa ezindongeni, phansi, ophahleni nasezitebhisini; njenge-formwork (uhlobo lwefomu) ukubamba ukhonkolo ngesikhathi sokusetha; kanye nohlaka lwesikhashana lokubunjwa kokubeka isitini noma itshe lapho kuhlelwa izimbobo ezinamakhothamo.

        

Ifenisha

I-plywood isasetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni ifenisha.

        

Ukupakisha, ukumodela kanye nezindawo zobuciko

Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zihlanganisa ukupakishwa okuvikelekile, izinto zokudlala nezemidlalo, ngisho nemizimba yezinye izimoto nezindiza ezilula.

I-plywood encane ivame ukusetshenziswa ekwenzeni amamodeli, futhi abanye abadwebi bapenda kuyo ngemva kokuyimboza nge-plaster, into yokuqinisa enikeza indawo elukhuni ebamba kahle upende.

        

Idizayinelwe Izinjongo Ezikhethekile

Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-plywood zenzelwe izinjongo ezithile. Isibonelo, i-plywood enamandla amakhulu eyenziwe nge-mahogany kanye/noma i-birch yasetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwendiza ethile yeMpi Yezwe II, kuyilapho i-plywood yasolwandle eyenziwe ngobuso obuqinile nemigodi yangaphakathi enokukhubazeka okumbalwa yenza kangcono ezimeni ezimanzi nezinomswakama.

         

Izici

   

Amandla

I-Plywood iqinile, ngokuvamile ayimelani nomonakalo, ilula uma iqhathaniswa, futhi kulula ukuyisika futhi “sisebenze” ngamathuluzi.

Yinhle kakhulu njengendwangu yeshidi yokwenza noma ukumboza amajamo amakhulu, ayisicaba, atshekile noma anjengezindonga, phansi, ezinye izinhlobo zophahla neziqukathi ezinkulu. 

        

Iwusizo emsebenzini oyinkimbinkimbi

Ezinye izinhlobo ze-plywood zilungele umsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi, njengokwenza amamodeli, ama-puzzle okhuni, namabhokisi amancane.

        

Amapaneli amakhulu amboza ngokushesha izindawo ezinkulu

Ngenxa yokuthi i-plywood itholakala kumaphaneli amakhulu, izindawo ezinkulu zingambozwa ngokuhlanganisa okuncane konqenqema, futhi ukukhetha okubanzi kobukhulu kuyenza ifanelekele uhla olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza ukusuka kumashelufu aminyene kuya ekuhlanganisweni okuncane.

         

I-plywood yenziwe kanjani?

   

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-plywood ngokuvamile kudinga izingodo ezibizwa ngokuthi "ama-hullers" amakhulu ngobubanzi futhi aqondile kunologi olujwayelekile lapho ukhuni lusikwa khona.

Amagxolo akhishwa ngaphambi kokuba i-peeler ishise futhi ifakwe amahora angu-12 kuya kwangu-40 ngaphambi kokusikwa.

        

Bese ifakwa emshinini omkhulu wokucwecwa bese izungeza i-eksisi yayo ende ... 

        … kuyilapho i-blade ende ihlukanisa ishidi noma ungqimba oluqhubekayo kulogi.        Ishidi elide lisikwa libe izingxenye zobude nobubanzi bangempela, futhi izindawo ezingaphezulu ziskenwa ukuze kutholwe amaphutha.        

Izendlalelo zibe sezicindezelwa futhi zihlanganiswe ndawonye, ​​bese amabhodi aphumayo asikwa abe yizilinganiso zawo zokugcina.

Ukusebenza kokugcina kuvame ukugaya - ukulinganisa - amabhodi. Amanye amabhodi aboshwe (njenge-melamine noma i-acrylic) futhi imiphetho yawo ivaliwe.

         

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-plywood?

   

Ububanzi beplywood bukhulu kakhulu. Okulandelayo ezinye zezinhlobo eziyinhloko ezitholakalayo. Khuluma nomthengisi wakho wabakhi noma ubheke ku-inthanethi uma ufuna okuthile okuqondile ukuhlangabezana nesidingo esithile.

        

I-Coniferous plywood

Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lweplywood olusetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ekwakhiweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwezimboni.

        

I-plywood eqinile

Lolu hlobo lunamandla amaningi kanye nokuqina. Ukumelana kwayo nokulimala nokuguga kuyenza ifaneleke ezindaweni ezinokhahlo okuhlanganisa phansi nezindonga.

       

plywood ezishisayo

Le plywood yenziwe ngamapulangwe ashisayo ase-Asia, Afrika naseNingizimu Melika, le plywood idlula i-softwood plywood ngenxa yamandla ayo akhulayo kanye nokucaba kwezinsalela. Kuyisinqumo esikhethwa ngabaningi embonini yezokwakha. Ezinye izibonelo zinokubukeka okukhangayo kanye nombala, okwenza zifaneleke ukusetshenziswa kwezinye izinhlobo zefenisha. 

       

I-Aviation plywood

Yenziwe nge-mahogany noma i-birch, futhi ngokuvamile kokubili, le plywood enamandla amakhulu inamatheliswa anamathiselwe ngento enamathelayo ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa nomswakama. Yayisetshenziselwa izindiza ezithile phakathi neMpi Yezwe II futhi isetshenziswa namuhla ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo ezidinga amandla afanayo nokuqina.

        

I-plywood yokuhlobisa

Le plywood inesendlalelo sangaphandle sokhuni oluqinile olukhangayo ukuze lusetshenziswe ifenisha, i-wallboard nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza "zekhwalithi ephezulu". Ezinye izinhlobo zesendlalelo sangaphandle sokuhlobisa zifaka isikhunta nephepha elifakwe inhlaka.

        

i-plywood eguquguqukayo

I-Plywood eguquguqukayo, ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi "i-plywood yesigqoko" ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwezigqoko "zoshimula" ngezikhathi zama-Victorian, yayisetshenziselwa ukudala izimo ezigobile. 

        

i-plywood yasolwandle

I-plywood yasolwandle, njengoba negama layo liphakamisa, iwukukhetha izikebhe nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi lapho izimo ezimanzi nezimanzi zihlangabezana nazo. Iyakwazi ukumelana nokuhlasela kwesikhunta kanye ne-delamination - lapho izingqimba ziqala ukubola, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokuchayeka kumswakama. Okubi ukuthi kubiza kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo eziningi ze-plywood.

        

I-plywood engashi

Lena i-plywood ephathwa ngamakhemikhali ukwandisa ukumelana nomlilo.

        

I-plywood efakwe nge-phenol

I-laminate eshisayo incibilika phezu kwale plywood. Ubuso bungase bushiywe bushelelezi ukuze bube yi-formwork-isibonelo, isikhunta sezakhiwo zikakhonkolo noma isakhiwo sesikhashana sokubamba amakhothamo wezitini nezinye izinhlobo endaweni kuze kube yilapho udaka setha-noma amaphethini angacindezelwa kuwo ukuze angasheleli noma okuhlobisa. qeda. Izinhlelo zokusebenza.

         

Yimaphi amasayizi atholakalayo?

   

Osayizi beshidi abakhulu nabancane bavame ukuncika ohlotsheni oluthile lweplywood, kodwa usayizi ojwayelekile ojwayelekile ngu-4ft ngo-8ft (1220mm x 2440mm). Amashidi amakhulu namancane avamise ukutholakala, ngokuvamile ngo-1 foot (300 mm) increments.

        

Ugqinsi lweplywood luyahlukahluka ukusuka ku-1/16" (1.4mm) ukuya ku-1" (25mm), nakuba amashidi aminyene etholakala kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile.

         

I-plywood ihlelwa kanjani?

   

Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-plywood zihlukaniswa ngokuhlukile, kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwezinkuni ezenziwe ngalo noma izwe elivela kulo. Ukuhlola kubhekisela kwikhwalithi yokhuni olusetshenzisiwe, noma ngabe ungqimba olulodwa noma zombili zangaphandle noma indawo engaphezulu inokukhubazeka okumbalwa kakhulu noma okuningi, kanye nokuthi ingabe kukhona ukukhubazeka okususiwe phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza.

                 

Isibonelo, izinhlobo ze-birch plywood:

• I-S class (ephakeme kakhulu) - izingxenye ezincane kuphela nezici

• IBanga BB (elimaphakathi) - ama-oval patches afakwe esikhundleni sanoma yimaphi amafindo amakhulu kanye nokukhubazeka.

• IBanga le-WG (eliphansi) - amaphutha avulekile kumafindo amancane anamafindo amakhulu alungisiwe.

• Ikilasi C (eliphansi kakhulu) - amaphutha avulekile avunyelwe

       

Kukhona futhi iBrazil, Chilean, Finnish, Russian, Swedish nezinye izinhlobo eziningana. Ngaphambi kokuthenga, hlola ibanga le-plywood ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi i-plywood ihlangabezana nezidingo zomsebenzi othile. 

         

Yiziphi izindinganiso zeplywood?

   

Kunamazinga ahlukene - i-European and BS (British Standards) - yeplywood esetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo.

Isibonelo, emkhakheni wezokwakha, izinga laseYurophu lamaphaneli asekelwe ngokhuni EN 13986 lidinga i-plywood esetshenziswa emkhakheni wokwakha ukuze ihlangabezane nelinye lamakilasi amathathu okusebenza ngaphakathi kwe-EN 636, futhi abahlinzeki kufanele banikeze ubufakazi balokhu. 

        

Amakilasi okusebenza asekelwe ekumelaneni nomswakama we-plywood esetshenziswa ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zezakhiwo ezinjengophahla, ama-partitions, iphansi, nezindonga zangaphandle ezinohlaka lwamapulangwe.

        Ezinye izinhlobo zihlanganisa ukumelana nesimo sezulu esihle kakhulu namandla angaphandle ukuze kuhlangatshezwane namazinga athile afana ne-BS 1088 (i-plywood yokusetshenziswa olwandle), kuyilapho ikhodi evamile yesakhiwo BS 5268-2:2002 isebenza kumandla we-plywood, asetshenziswa emsebenzini wokwakha. Kungumqondo omuhle ukuhlola ukuthi i-plywood oyithengayo ingeyezinga elifanele yini elihloselwe ukusetshenziswa.