Iyini imoto yegesi yemvelo?

Ukusetshenziswa kwegesi yemvelo

Ezimotweni zegesi yemvelo, igesi yemvelo iwuphethiloli wezinsalela ongayingcolisi imvelo. Ukusetshenziswa kwegesi yemvelo ezimotweni kunganciphisa okuqukethwe kwe-carbon dioxide kumagesi e-exhaust ngo-25%, i-carbon monoxide ngo-75%. Ingxenye eyinhloko yegesi yemvelo i-methane. Igesi yemvelo igcinwa ngomfutho we-200 bar, yingakho elinye igama layo liyigesi yemvelo ecindezelwe, i-CNG. Njengamanje, izimoto ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-15 emhlabeni jikelele zisebenzisa igesi yemvelo. Enye inzuzo yegesi yemvelo inani layo eliphansi. I-Methane ishibhile izikhathi ezi-2-3 kunophethiloli. Ububi bokusebenzisa igesi yemvelo buhlanganisa ukuncishiswa kwamandla emoto, kuze kufike ku-20% kuye ngephrojekthi. Ukwenyuka kwamavalvu okuguga lapho injini isebenza ngegesi kanye nezindleko eziphezulu zemishini yegesi. Ngokwehlukana, kufanele kushiwo mayelana nokuphepha kwezimoto ezihamba ngegesi yemvelo.

Ucwaningo lwemoto ngophethiloli

Ucwaningo olwenziwe yiJalimane Yezimoto Club (ADAC) lukhombisa ukuthi ubungozi bomlilo ngaphambili nasezimotweni eziseceleni alukhuphuki. Okusho ukuthi, uma kwenzeka ingozi, imoto yegesi yemvelo iziphatha njengemoto ejwayelekile. Kunezinhlobo ezilandelayo zezimoto zegesi yemvelo. Ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto, kukhiqizwe ngobuningi emafektri of automaker. Izimoto eziguquliwe zenziwa amabhizinisi akhethekile. Imishini yegesi yemvelo iyatholakala ngezinhlobo ezimbili. Amafutha, igesi kanye nophethiloli kusetshenziswa imigomo elinganayo, ungashintsha izindlela kanye ne-mono-fuel, i-base fuel, kukhona ithangi legesi eliphuthumayo, ukushintshwa kwe-petroli okuzenzakalelayo. Izimoto ze-Mono-fuel zilungele kakhulu igesi yemvelo, zisebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kahle kwamafutha kanye nokuphuma okuncane.

Izimoto zikagesi zikaphethiloli

Ukuze baguqule babe imoto yegesi yemvelo, abakhiqizi bezimoto basebenzisa izinjini ezikhona zikaphethiloli. Lezi izinjini zokuthungela inhlansi. Izinjini ze-Turbocharged zifaneleka kakhulu ukuguqulwa kwegesi. Ukujwayela ukusebenza kwe-turbocharger, ukucindezela okukhulu, ingcindezi eyengeziwe, ikuvumela ukuthi uzuze amandla afanayo kanye nezici ze-torque zegesi nophethiloli. Izici zegesi yemvelo ecindezelwe ukwanda kokumelana nokuqhunyiswa, isilinganiso se-octane esingu-130 nokuntuleka kwezakhiwo zokugcoba, okuholela ekwandeni komthwalo enjinini. Ukuze kuliwe nalezi zici, kwenziwa izinguquko ezihlukahlukene engxenyeni ewumshini yenjini. Amandla anyusiwe wezakhi zomuntu ngamunye kanye nezingxenye, izikhonkwane namasongo e-piston, okufakwayo kwewasha, iziqondiso zamavalvu nezihlalo.

Imishini yegesi yomkhiqizo

Uma kunesidingo, ukunyuka okushisayo kwama-injectors kaphethiloli kuyanda, ukusebenza kwamaphampu wamanzi nowoyela kuyanda, ama-plugs ashintshwa. Izimoto zegesi yemvelo zinikelwa ngabakhiqizi bezimoto abaningi okubalwa kubo i-Audi, BMW, Citroen, Chevrolet, Fiat, Ford, Honda, Hyundai, Mercedes-Benz, Opel, Peugeot, Seat, Skoda, Toyota, Volkswagen, Volvo. Izimoto zithengiswa ezindaweni lapho kuvame khona igesi yemvelo. Izimoto zegesi yemvelo azithengiswa ngokusemthethweni ezweni lethu. Imoto yokukhiqiza igesi yemvelo ingeniswa ezweni. Izimoto zegesi zemvelo eziguquliwe. Ngokombono, zonke izimoto ezinamandla kaphethiloli zingaguqulwa zibe yigesi yemvelo. Izikhungo ezikhethekile zinikela ngokufakwa kwemishini yegesi yegesi yemvelo evela kubakhiqizi abahlukahlukene.

Imishini yemoto yegesi

Umphumela uba imoto ekabili esebenza ngophethiloli engagijima kaphethiloli nophethiloli. Ngenxa yezindleko eziphakeme zogesi wemvelo, imishini kagesi ifakwa ikakhulukazi ezimotweni zokuhweba, amatekisi, amabhasi namaloli. Lapho kukhokha ngokushesha futhi kuveza izinzuzo ezinkulu. Izinjini zikadizili nazo zingaguqulwa zibe yigesi yemvelo. Kunezindlela ezimbili. Ukulahlwa okuphoqelelwe kwengxube yamafutha omoya, ukufakwa kohlelo lokuphaka ngemishini yegesi. Nokushisa okuzenzekelayo kwenhlanganisela yomoya kaphethiloli, injini ezosebenza enhlanganisweni kadizili negesi yemvelo. Ngenxa yenani eliphakeme, izinjini zikadizili zamabhasi namaloli ziguqukela kugesi wemvelo.

Uhlelo lokuphakelwa kwegesi yemoto

Imishini yegesi. Imishini eyisilinda (LPG) yokunyakaza kugesi wemvelo ocindezelweyo ihlanganiswe nohlelo lokuphakelwa kwegesi kanye nohlelo lokulawula ngogesi. Ukwenziwa kwemishini yokwenziwa kwe-LPG nezimoto eziguquliwe empeleni kuyafana futhi kungahle kube nemiklamo ehlukile ngokuya ngomkhiqizi we-LPG. Uhlelo lokuphakelwa kwegesi yemvelo lubandakanya umnyango wokugcwalisa, amasilinda kagesi, ipayipi legesi elinengcindezi enkulu, isilawuli somfutho wegesi, ipayipi lokusabalalisa igesi namavalvu egesi. Intamo yokugcwalisa igesi, umbhobho wokugcwalisa igesi, itholakala eduze kwentamo yokugcwalisa uphethiloli. Ama-cylinders kagesi angena ngawo lapho kugcwaliswa igesi ngaphansi kwengcindezi. Ngokuya ngosayizi wenjini, kufakwa isigaxa esisodwa noma ngaphezulu sogqinsi lwegesi olunamakhono ahlukahlukene esakhiweni semoto.

Sifakiwe kuphi isilinda kaphethiloli yemishini yegesi

Ezimotweni ze-serial, amasilinda ngokuvamile atholakala ngaphansi kwemoto, ezindaweni eziguquliwe - endaweni yemithwalo. Amasilinda axhunywe kubakaki bomzimba. Kusuka kumasilinda, igesi ingena epayipini lokucindezela okukhulu kuya kumlawuli wengcindezi yegesi, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ukucindezela kwegesi kwehla kungcindezi yokusebenza okuzisholo. Emishinini yegesi, i-diaphragm noma i-plunger type pressure regulators isetshenziswa. Ukuncipha kwengcindezi yegesi kuhambisana nokupholisa kwayo okuqinile. Ukuze uvimbele ukuqandisa, izindlu zomlawuli wengcindezi yegesi zifakiwe ohlelweni lokupholisa injini. Igesi ngengcindezi yokusebenza elinganiselwe ingena epayipini lokusabalalisa igesi bese ingena kumavalvu okuhambisa igesi endaweni eningi yokuyithatha. I-valve yokuhlinzeka ngegesi, kweminye imithombo i-nozzle yegesi, i-valve ye-solenoid.

Ukusebenza kohlelo lwegesi

Lapho i-current isetshenziswa kwikhoyili ye-solenoid, ingalo iyakhuphuka bese kuvuleka imbobo. Igesi engamthelela ingena ekudleni okuphindwe kabili futhi ixubene nomoya. Uma kungekho okwamanje, intwasahlobo ibamba i-valve endaweni evaliwe. Uhlelo lokulawulwa kwegesi nge-elekthronikhi lufaka izinzwa zokufaka. Kwezimoto ezikhiqizayo, uhlelo lokuphathwa kwegesi ukwandiswa kohlelo lokuphathwa kwezinjini. Izimoto eziguquliwe zinesistimu yokulawula ehlukile. Izinzwa zokufaka zifaka phakathi inzwa yokucindezela isilinda kanye nenzwa yocingo yomugqa wokusabalalisa igesi. Inzwa yokucindezela isilinda itholakala kusilawuli sengcindezi. Inquma ukuhanjiswa kwegesi kwisilinda ngenani legesi kanye nobuningi besilinda. Inzwa yengcindezi yegesi ithola ingcindezi yegesi kwisekethe yengcindezi ephansi.

Izimoto zikagesi

Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, isikhathi sokuvulwa kwama-valve wokuhlinzekwa kwegesi sinqunywe. Izimpawu ezivela ezinzwa zithunyelwa ophikweni lokulawula ngogesi. Iyunithi yokulawula isebenzisa imininingwane evela kolunye uhlelo, izinzwa zokulawulwa kwenjini, isivinini senjini, ukuma mpintsha, inzwa yomoya-mpilo. Futhi abanye, ngokuya nge-algorithm efakiwe yephiko lokulawula, bajabule ukwenza imisebenzi. Lawula umjovo wegesi ngokuya ngejubane lenjini, umthwalo, ikhwalithi yegesi nengcindezi. Umthethonqubo wegesi weLambda, uqinisekisa ukusebenza kwenhlanganisela efanayo, ukulungiswa kwegesi esezingeni eliphakeme. Ukuqala okubandayo kwenjini, okushisa komoya okungu-10 ° C ngaphansi kwenjini okuqala uphethiloli. Ukuqala okuphuthumayo kwenjini, uma kuphuma igesi, i-mileage kaphethiloli ekhiqiziweyo ayenziwa imizuzwana embalwa. Le misebenzi yenziwa kusetshenziswa izindlela zokushayela.