Luyini uhlelo lokulwa nokweba imoto futhi lwenzeleni?

Nsuku zonke, izigebengu zintshontsha amakhulu ezimoto ezweni lonke futhi izibalo zilokhu zanda njalo. Inani elandayo labanikazi bezimoto licabanga ngendlela yokuvikela impahla yabo ehambayo nokuvimbela ukwebiwa. Ngalezi zinhloso, uhlelo lokulwa nokweba luhloselwe, olwehlisa amathuba okuphula nokweba imoto.

Luyini uhlelo lokulwa nokweba imoto?

Abashayeli bavame ukubukela phansi amathuba okwebiwa kwezimoto ngokuthembela kumamojula avamile okuphepha. Kepha noma iyiphi imoto kufanele ithembeke futhi iqinisekise ukumelana nokugqekeza isikhathi eside. Lapho kunzima kakhulu ukufinyelela emotweni, kwehlisa amathuba okweba.

Uhlelo lokulwa nokweba - isethi yamathuluzi we-mechanical, hardware ne-software aklanyelwe ukwandisa ukuvikelwa kwemoto emizamweni yokweba noma yokugqekeza. Ngosizo lwamadivayisi akhethekile, i-alamu yomsindo inikezwa ukwethusa umenzi wobubi, amamojula ezimoto avinjiwe futhi inqubo yokweba inzima.

Umshuwalense wemoto awuqinisekisi ukuthi umnikazi uzobuyiselwa imali ephelele. Ngemuva kokudunwa kwemoto, kuza inqubo ende nabomthetho. Kuze kuphele, inkampani yomshwalense ayinalo ilungelo lokukhokha.

Imisebenzi nenhloso

Inhloso enkulu yesixazululo sobuchwepheshe ukucubungula inqubo yokugqekeza imoto. Isela elinolwazi lingantshontsha noma iyiphi imoto, okuwukuphela kombuzo inani lesikhathi esisetshenzisiwe. Ngokuya ngomgomo wokusebenza nezici zokuklama, izinhlelo ezilwa nokweba zinga:

• vula umsindo wenhlabamkhosi ukuze uhehe;
• yazisa umshayeli ngomzamo wokugenca;
• vimba isigqoko, isiqu, amafasitela nezicabha;
• vimba amasekethe kagesi amakhulu;
• yinkimbinkimbi inqubo yokwephula iminyango kanye nezikhiye;
• vimba isiteringi, u-gearbox, injini, ilokhi yokuthungela;
• Landelela ukuhamba kwemoto nge-GPS.

Zonke izinketho zingasebenza ngokuhlukile komunye nomunye. Lapho imisebenzi ifaka phakathi uhlelo, kuba nzima ukufinyelela nokuntshontsha imoto.

Incazelo esemqoka yezinhlelo zokulwa nokweba

Abanikazi bezimoto abaningi banesiqiniseko sokuthi ukutholakala kwemishini evikelayo kuyisindisa ngokuphelele imoto ekwebeni. Kepha lokhu akunjalo neze. Ngesifiso nesikhathi esikhulu, umhlaseli uzokwazi ukuqhekeza ngisho nemishini yokuphepha eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.

Kunezithombe ezimbili zengqondo yomduni. Abokuqala bagxile emphumeleni futhi bazozama ukweba imoto yize kunezingqinamba. Bazama futhi baze baqede umsebenzi noma kunamathuba amaningi okubanjwa. Uhlelo luvikela abagqekezi abanjalo kuphela ezindaweni eziminyene, lapho kunesikhathi esinqunyelwe sokweba.

Isigaba sesibili sabaduni silandela indlela yokuphikiswa okungatheni. Uma imoto ingavumi ukuzama ukungena ngaphakathi kwemizuzu engu-5-10, bakhetha ilitshe elihlukile.

Noma iyiphi imoto, ngisho naleyo evikelwe kakhulu, ingantshontshwa. Umehluko kuphela usesikhathini esichithwa ukwenza kungasebenzi amadivayisi alwa nokweba.

Imithetho yokukhetha ukuvikelwa

Ukuvikelwa ekuntshontshweni nasekugqekezelweni kwemoto kukhethwe ngakunye ecaleni ngalinye. Lapho ukhetha amadivayisi, udinga ukubheka imininingwane eminingi:

• izici design imoto;
• ukwethembeka nekhwalithi yohlelo lokuvikela - amadivayisi amahle ayabiza;
• ithuba lokugcinwa uma kunezinkinga kumadivayisi, ngokwesibonelo, ngemuva komzamo wokugenca;
• izibopho zewaranti zomkhiqizi noma inkampani efaka isisombululo.

Kubalulekile ukukhetha izinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi zamazinga amaningi ezivimbela ngokwehlukana amamojula wemoto ahlukile. Isibonelo, ngemuva kokucisha i-alamu, udinga ukuphula umnyango, uvule ukuthungela noma injini.

Izakhi zohlelo lokulwa nokweba

Izici zokwakhiwa zincike ezidingweni zomnikazi womshini. Ukuvikela ukugqekezwa, ama-alamu kanye nama-blocker asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokulwa nokweba, kanye nemishini eyengeziwe. Ake sicabangele izinketho ezimbalwa ezilula zokuvikela:

• i-alamu - idonsela ukunaka emotweni ngenhlabamkhosi yomsindo lapho izama ukugqekeza;
• Uhlelo lokulandelela i-GPS - ukulandela imoto ebalazweni uma kwenzeka kwebiwa;
• ukuvikela ukukhiya - i-traction isuswa kwisibungu, esikuvumela ukuthi uvule ilokhi ngezikhiye eziyinhloko, futhi esikhundleni salokho kusetshenziswa izindlela zikagesi nezomshini zokuvula;
• iyunithi yokulawula - into ejwayelekile yokulawula ibekwe ebhokisini elikhethekile, ukuze uvule lapho kudingeka khona ukususa ibhethri neminye imishini;
• ukuvimba i-immobilizer - ukwandisa ukuvikelwa kwesekethe, kusetshenziswa into eyengeziwe ye-adaptha, ohlangothini olulodwa okukhona isixhumi se-OBD, kolunye - into engeyona ejwayelekile.

Zonke izinto ezingenhla zisebenza ngokuzimela futhi azincikile kwamanye amasistimu. Ukwebiwa kwemoto kungenzeka kuphela ngemuva kokugqekezelwa okuphelele.

Kusetshenziswa amamaki okususa kanzima ukuvikela ukwebiwa kwezingxenye. Lezi zingxenye kunzima ukuzithengisa futhi kulula ukuzibona emakethe emnyama.

Izinhlobo zezinhlelo zokulwa nokweba

Konke ukuvikelwa ngokuya ngomgomo wokusebenza nezici zokuklama kungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezinemibandela:

1. Uhlelo lwe-elektroniki lokulwa nokweba - luqukethe imishini evimbela ukweba nokungena emotweni. Lokhu kufaka ama-alamu, ama-immobilizers, izinto ezahlukahlukene eziyimfihlo, ukulandelelwa kwemoto nge-satellite.
2. Uhlelo lwemishini - izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamadivayisi asuswayo avimba izingxenye zemoto. Amalokhi avimbela ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kwenjini, u-gearbox, isiteringi, i-gas pedal.

Ukuze kusebenze kahle kakhulu, kunconywa ukuhlanganisa izixazululo zemishini nezikagesi.

Kuyini ukuvikela okuphelele kokulwa nokweba

Isixazululo esibanzi sokulwa nokweba sivikela zonke izinto ezibucayi zemoto ezingagqekezwa. Izixazululo eziphelele ziqukethe imininingwane efana nale:

• ukusayina;
• izikhonkwane electromechanical iminyango;
• Amalokhi we-hood nesiqu;
• ingilazi armoring;
• immobilizer;
• injini blocker ngesimo sokudlulisela kwidijithali, njll.

Lolu akulona uhlu oluphelele lwemishini engaba yingxenye yohlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi. Idizayini nezinto zixhomeke kumkhiqizi nasezingeni lokuvikelwa elifunekayo.

Izici zokuvikela okujwayelekile

Uhlelo olujwayelekile lokulwa nokweba lufakwe emotweni ngumenzi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inkampani ithuthukisa isisombululo semakethe ejwayelekile ngobuningi obufanayo namadivayisi. Ukuvikelwa kuyaziwa ngezindleko zayo eziphansi nokusetshenziswa kalula, okukhombisa ukuthembeka okuphansi kokusebenza.

Izixazululo zeMisa kulula ukuzigenca, njengoba abaduni beye bahlangabezana namadivayisi afanayo okuphepha kaningi. Ukukhulisa ukuthembeka, izinto ezengeziwe kufanele zisetshenziswe.

Ngokunikwa kwenani elikhulayo lokweba, kufanele kufakwe izixazululo zokulwa nokweba kuzo zonke izimoto. Amadivayisi omshwalense ne-OEM awakwazi ukuvimbela ukweba noma ukunxephezela ngokulahleka. Kushibhile ukulwa nobusela kunokubhekana nemiphumela yako.