Lusho ukuthini uphawu lokubabaza kudeshibhodi?
Okuqukethwe
Ukuvuza kwe-TJ kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwemoto. Uma isibabazo kudeshibhodi emotweni sisho ukuthi kube nenkinga efanayo, kuzodingeka uhlole uhlelo ngokucophelela.
Uphawu lokubabaza kudeshibhodi yemoto lusho ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuthi umnikazi wemoto anake imoto futhi acabange ngempilo yezingxenye nezinhlelo ngazinye. Ngokuya ngesitayela sophawu, kungafinyelelwa esiphethweni lapho ukuwohloka kucashe khona.
Izinhlobo nezincazelo zezibabazo kudeshibhodi yemoto
Izinhlelo ezisebhodini zemoto zinikeza umshayeli izimpawu mayelana nesimo sabo. Uphawu lokubabaza kuphaneli yomshini lusho ukuthi izingxenye ezithile azisebenzi kahle noma kutholwe ukungasebenzi kahle okukhulu. Inkomba iyahluka ngombala kanye nomklamo. Kudingeka futhi ukucabangela isimo lapho i-ABS isebenza ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho uphawu lokubabaza kudeshibhodi yemoto luzokhanya uma i-hand brake iphakanyisiwe.
Isibabazo ephanelini
Ezimotweni ezihlome nge-ABS, isibonisi sokulawula sikhanyisa ngokujwayelekile uma ukuthungela kuvuliwe futhi nebhuleki lesandla lisebenza. Lapho iyunithi yamandla iqala futhi ibhuleki likhululwa, inkomba iyacisha, ebonisa ukuthi ukuhlolwa kuphumelele.
Uma ingekho i-ABS, ukucwayiza kokulawula ukukhanya kusho ukuba khona kokwehluleka kuphela.
endingilizini
Uphawu lwesibabazo oluvezwe kumbuthano kudeshibhodi yemoto lwazisa umnikazi ngokungasebenzi kahle kwemoto. Udinga ukuma ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuwohloka okunjalo kungaholela engozini enkulu, ikakhulukazi uma ushayela ngesivinini esikhulu.
Kubakaki
Uphawu lokubabaza olubakaki kudeshibhodi yemoto lusho ukuthi inkinga isemabhulekini noma kwi-ABS. Lokhu kubikwa futhi ngombhalo ohambisanayo. Udinga ukuhlola zombili izinketho ukuze uthole ukuhlukaniswa.
Kunxantathu
Uphawu lokubabaza olukunxantathu ophuzi kuphaneli yemoto lwazisa umnikazi ngamaphutha ezintweni zikagesi ezinesibopho sokuzinzisa. Uma umbala wesithonjana ubomvu, ukuxilonga okugcwele kuyadingeka. Ukukhanya kukhombisa ukungasebenzi kahle okuhlukahlukene, ngokuvamile kuhambisana nezixwayiso ezengeziwe esihlanguni.
Kungani inkomba ikhanya
Umbala ophuzi ubonisa ukwehluleka, okubomvu kubonisa isimo esingavamile. Kuzo zombili izimo, uphawu lwesibabazo kuphaneli yomshini lukhanya ngokuya ngesimiso esilandelayo:
- Izinzwa zezimoto ngosizo lwezinzwa zilungisa isimo sokusebenza.
- Lapho amapharamitha echezuka esilinganisweni, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuthunyelwa kukhompuyutha esebhodini.
- I-ECU ithola isignali futhi ibona uhlobo lwephutha.
- Iyunithi yekhanda ithumela ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuphaneli yensimbi, lapho kuvela khona inkomba yokukhanya.
I-ECU iyakwazi ukuvimba ukusebenza kwesistimu futhi icime injini uma kutholwa ukuwohloka okubucayi. Esimweni esinjalo, umshayeli ngeke akwazi ukuqala iyunithi yamandla kuze kube yilapho inkinga isilungisiwe.
Izimbangela zokubonisa ukukhanya
Imoto ngayinye ifakwe uhlelo lokuphendula olusiza umshayeli ukuthi asheshe athole ulwazi mayelana nokuvela kwezinkinga. Kuphaneli yemoto, uphawu lwesibabazo lubonisa ukuba khona kokuphazamiseka noma amaphutha alolu hlobo:
- Faka i-brake fluid. Ngokuvamile isithonjana siqala ukucwayiza, okubonisa ukuthi izinsalela zezinto ezisebenzisekayo ziyachaphaza ngenkathi ushayela futhi ileveli iyashintsha ekuhambeni. Kudingeka ukuthi kubhekwe ukuthi kuvuza yini, ukuthi amaphedi akusiphi isimo. Ngokwemithethonqubo, ukuguqulwa kwamanzi kuyadingeka njalo eminyakeni emibili.
- Ukunciphisa ingcindezi emotweni. Kuvela ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwe-vacuum amplifier. Udinga ukwenza ukuxilongwa okuphelele ukuze uthole inkinga yangempela.
- Umonakalo ohlelweni lwesixwayiso. Uma izinzwa zihluleka, kuvela isibani esibukweni, esingase sikhanyise noma sikhanyise.
- Izinkinga zamabhuleki. Imoto yokupaka ingase ingavalwa ngokuphelele, noma inzwa yendawo yebhuleki lesandla ingase ibe nephutha.
Isibabazo esibanekayo
I-Express diagnostics, amakhompiyutha esimanje ashumekiwe avumela izimoto ukuba zitholwe, kusiza ukuqoqa ulwazi mayelana nesimo semoto. Ngakho-ke ungakwazi ukuhlonza isizathu sokuthi kungani uphawu lwesibabazo lusemotweni ephaneli. Incazelo yephutha izovela esibukweni.
Uhlobo lweBMW lubonakala ngezinkinga zokubonisa. Isithonjana esikhanyisiwe ku-BMW X1, E60 noma i-E90 sibonisa umnikazi ukuthi:
- isondo elimele;
- wenqaba uhlelo lokuzinza kwezinga lokushintshisana noma i-ABS;
- Ibhetri iphelile;
- i-lubricant eshisa ngokweqile ku-crankcase;
- izinga lamafutha lehlile;
- i-brake line yehlulekile;
- Ingxenye kagesi yebhuleki lesandla idinga ukulungiswa.
Ukukhipha amakhodi okunembile kungenzeka kuphela ngemuva kokuxilongwa kwekhompyutha kusevisi.
Ukuvuza kwe-brake fluid kwenzeka kuphi?
Ukuvuza kwe-TJ kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwemoto. Uma isibabazo kudeshibhodi emotweni sisho ukuthi kube nenkinga efanayo, kuzodingeka uhlole uhlelo ngokucophelela.
Isigaxa sebhuleki
Izinga eliphansi le-brake fluid, iminonjana yokuvuza etholakele ikhombisa ukwephulwa kwe-cylinder yebhuleki, okusho ukuthi yonakele noma idinga ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela. Ngenkathi ushayela, umshayeli uyakwazi ukuzwa ukucindezela kwamanzi okungalingani - kulokhu, imoto izodonsa ohlangothini olulodwa.
Ukuvuza kuvame ukubangelwa ama-gasket erabha angakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aqandayo. Uma ziba nokunwebeka okunganele, sekuyisikhathi sokufaka ezintsha.
Amabhuleki amabhuleki
Ukulimala kwamapayipi - imigqa ye-brake main - kuzobiza kancane ukulungisa, kodwa kuphakathi kwezinkinga ezinkulu. Kuyadingeka ukuqeda ukuwohloka okunjalo ngokushesha lapho kutholwa. Ukucindezela okungekho ngokwemvelo ku-pedal ye-brake kungase kubonise ukuba khona komonakalo onjalo - umnikazi wemoto uzothola ukuthi ukumelana sekuphelile.
Inkinga ingatholwa ngokuhlola okubonwayo noma ukuhlola. Uma izingxenye zenjoloba zilahlekelwe ukuguquguquka kwazo kanye nokuqhekeka lapho zicindezelwa, zidinga ukushintshwa. Ngezinye izikhathi ama-hoses aphuma ekufakeni, kulokhu kwanele ukuwabuyisela endaweni futhi uwaqinise nge-clamp.
Isilinda se-Brake master
I-master cylinder kufanele ihlolwe uma i-puddle itholakala ngaphansi komshini ngemuva kweyunithi yamandla. Ukuvuza kwenzeka ngenxa yokuqhekeka kophawu lwerabha noma ama-gaskets angasebenzi. Ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembile, isilinda kuzodingeka sihlakazwe. Ngokuvamile, uketshezi lunqwabelana ekamelweni le-amplifier. Lesi simo sibonisa isidingo sokushintshwa ngokuphelele kwengxenye.
Isithonjana esisephaneli sikhanyisiwe
Ngemva kokunquma ukuthi kusho ukuthini uphawu lokubabaza kuphaneli yemoto, kunconywa ukwenza ukuxilonga nokulungisa - uwedwa noma esikhungweni sesevisi. Kudingeka ukuqalisa imoto, ngemva kokuthola inkomba, ngokuqapha, uhambo olude akufanele luhlelwe kuze kube yilapho kucaciswa imbangela yangempela.
Usebenza kanjani njengomshayeli
Ngemva kokuthola isibabazo kuphaneli ezenzakalelayo, udinga ukulandela imiyalelo:
- Hlola ideshibhodi ukuze uthole izinkomba ezengeziwe.
- Buka imanuwali yemoto. Imanuwali yesevisi iqukethe ilebula enolwazi mayelana nesithonjana ngasinye nencazelo yaso.
- Uma kungekho inkomba yesibili, udinga ukuhlola inani loketshezi olusetshenziswayo kuma-crankcases namathangi, isimo sezinzwa nezinzwa ezifakiwe.
Lapho isibabazo sikhanya kudeshibhodi yemoto ye-VAZ 2114/2110, udinga ukunaka ezinye izimpawu:
- ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngokweqile;
- i-misfire (kufanele uvule isiqalisi isikhathi eside);
- ukwenqaba ukuqala;
- ukusebenza okungazinzile kwenjini, kuhlanganiswe nokuncipha kwamandla, ukuba khona komsindo ongaphandle;
- ukusheshisa kancane lapho i-pedal yegesi icindezelwa kakhulu.
I-pointer ikutshela uma kukhona ukwephulwa ekusebenzeni kwe-ABS, amandla okubhuleka awasatshalaliswa ngendlela efanele. Hlola izinga le-brake fluid, ukulimala kwamapayipi, ukubukeka kokuvuza, ukusebenza kahle kwenzwa yokuntanta. Akunakwenzeka ukukhipha umonakalo ku-wiring kagesi, ngenxa yokuthi inkomba izophinde ikhanyise. Uma ukuqokwa kudeshibhodi kungashabalali, kuzodingeka uthinte isikhungo sesevisi.
