Odinga ukukwazi ngokufaka imishini ye-methane emotweni?

Uhlelo lwe-car methane

Isistimu ye-auto-methane. Namuhla, i-methane iphakathi kwezingxoxo ezimayelana namafutha ezimoto. Ibizwa ngokuthi imbangi enkulu kaphethiloli nodizili. I-methane isivele yazuza udumo olukhulu emhlabeni. Ezokuthutha zomphakathi kanye nemishini ekhethekile evela e-USA, China, Italy nakwamanye amazwe amaningi afakwa uphethiloli kuphela ngalowoyela ongawungeni imvelo. Kulo nyaka umkhuba wokushintshela ku-methane usekelwe yiBulgaria. Izwe elinemithombo emikhulu kaphethiloli oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emhlabeni. I-Methane iyingxenye eyinhloko yegesi yemvelo, esetshenziswa njengophethiloli ocindezelweyo. Imvamisa, i-methane ixutshwa ne-propane-butane, igesi ye-hydrocarbon ewuketshezi, ebuye isetshenziswe njengamafutha emoto. Nokho, lena imikhiqizo emibili ehluke ngokuphelele! Uma ingxube ye-propane-butane ikhiqizwa ezindaweni ezihluza uwoyela, khona-ke i-methane empeleni inguphethiloli oqediwe ovela ngokuqondile ensimini uya eziteshini zikaphethiloli. Ngaphambi kokugcwalisa ithangi lemoto, i-methane icindezelwa ku-compressor.

Kungani ubeke imethane emotweni yakho

Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yokuthi ukwakheka kwe-methane kuhlale kufana, akukwazi ukuhlanjululwa noma konakaliswe. I-methane ibizwa ngokuthi uphethiloli othembisa kakhulu ngesizathu. Futhi, mhlawumbe, ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yentengo yayo ekhangayo. Ukushaja kabusha imoto kubiza izikhathi ezi-2-3 ezishibhile kunophethiloli noma udizili. Intengo ephansi ye-methane ngokwengxenye ibangelwa ukuthi iyona kuphela uphethiloli eBulgaria inani layo elilawulwayo. Awukwazi ukweqa u-50% yenani likaphethiloli we-A-80. Ngakho-ke, i-1 m3 ye-methane ibiza cishe nge-BGN 1,18. Mayelana nobungane bemvelo, i-methane nayo ishiya ngemuva zonke izimbangi zayo. Namuhla, igesi yemvelo iwuphethiloli ongayingcolisi imvelo. I-Methane ihlangabezana nezinga le-Euro 5, lapho uyisebenzisa, inani lezinto ezikhishwayo eziyingozi lincishiswa izikhathi eziningana. Uma kuqhathaniswa nophethiloli, amagesi e-exhaust enjini ye-methane aqukethe i-carbon monoxide ephindwe izikhathi ezingu-2-3, i-nitrogen oxide ephindwe izikhathi ezi-2, futhi intuthu iyancipha izikhathi ezingu-9.

Izinzuzo zemethane

Into eyinhloko ukuthi akukho sulfure kanye nezinhlanganisela zokuhola, ezibangela ukulimala okukhulu emkhathini nempilo yabantu. Ukusimama kungenye yezimbangela ezibalulekile emhlabeni jikelele zokuthambekela kwe-methane emhlabeni jikelele. Abamelene ne-methane bavame ukuphikisa ngokuthi igesi ibhekwa njengesiqhumane. Ngokuqondene ne-methane, lesi sitatimende kulula kakhulu ukusiphikisa sisebenzisa ulwazi lwekharikhulamu yesikole. Ukuqhuma noma ukuthungela kudinga ingxube yomoya kanye nophethiloli ngesilinganiso esithile. I-Methane ilula kunomoya futhi ayikwazi ukwakha ingxube - ivele inyamalale. Ngenxa yalesi sakhiwo kanye nomkhawulo ophezulu wokuthungela, i-methane ingeyesigaba sesine sokuphepha phakathi kwezinto ezivuthayo. Uma kuqhathaniswa, uphethiloli unesigaba sesithathu, kanti i-propane-butane inesibili.

Ayini amathangi ohlelo oluzenzakalelayo lwe-methane olwenziwe?

Izibalo zokuhlolwa kokuphahlazeka nazo ziqinisekisa ukuphepha kwamathangi we-methane. Efektri, la mathangi enza ucwaningo lokuhlolwa kwamandla. Ukuchayeka emazingeni okushisa aphakeme ngokwedlulele, ukuwa kusuka ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu, futhi nokuwela izingalo. Amathangi akhiqizwa ngogqinsi lodonga olukwazi ukumelana nengcindezi yokusebenza kwama-atmospheres angama-200 kuphela, kepha nanoma yimuphi umthelela. Ukufakwa kwesilinda kunedivayisi ekhethekile yokuphepha ezenzakalelayo. Esimeni esiphuthumayo, i-valve ekhethekile yama-multi-valve imisa ngokushesha ukunikezwa kwegesi enjini. Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa e-United States. Kwaphela iminyaka eyishumi belawula izimoto ezingama-10 zemethane. Ngalesi sikhathi, kube nokushayisana okungu-2400, kodwa akukho nelilodwa isilinda elimalile. Bonke abanikazi bezimoto banesithakazelo embuzweni wokuthi kunenzuzo kangakanani ukushintshela kwi-methane?

Ukuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi yemoto esebenzisa i-methane

Ukubala inani lokonga, udinga ukwenza izibalo. Okokuqala, ake sinqume ukuthi sizoyisebenzisa kanjani i-methane. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuguqula imoto ngokufaka okokusebenza kwegesi, i-LPG noma ukuthenga i-factory methane. Ukufaka i-HBO, udinga nje ukuxhumana nabachwepheshe. Ochwepheshe abavela ezikhungweni eziqinisekisiwe bazokunikeza isiqinisekiso sekhwalithi nokuphepha. Inqubo yokuguqula izothatha izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-2. Ukukhetha i-methane auto nakho akunzima. Abaholi bomhlaba embonini yezimoto, okubandakanya iVolkswagen, i-Opel ngisho neMercedes-Benz neBMW, bakhiqiza izinhlobo ezinamandla zemethane. Umehluko wentengo phakathi kwemoto kaphethiloli wendabuko nemodeli ye-methane uzoba cishe u- $ 1000.

Ububi bemoto ku-methane

Naphezu kwazo zonke izinzuzo zegesi yemvelo, izinzuzo zokuyisebenzisa azinakuphikwa. Ukuze kunikezwe wonke umuntu ithuba lokushajwa kabusha nge-methane, kwakhiwa ingqalasizinda yezinjini zegesi eBulgaria namuhla. Ukushintshela ku-methane kuzosakazeka kabanzi. Futhi namuhla ungaqala ukonga ngokusebenzisa amafutha esimanje, ahambisana nemvelo. I-methane nayo inezimo ezimbi. Okokuqala, i-HBO ye-methane ibiza kakhulu futhi isindayo. Kusetshenziswa i-gearbox eyinkimbinkimbi namasilinda aqinisiwe. Ngaphambili, kwakusetshenziswa amasilinda asindayo kuphela, ayesinda. Manje kune-metal-plastic, ebonakala ilula, kodwa ibiza kakhulu. Okwesibili, amasilinda e-methane athatha isikhala esiningi kakhulu - angama-cylindrical kuphela. Futhi amathangi e-propane atholakala kuzo zombili izimo ze-cylindrical kanye ne-toroidal, ezivumela ukuthi "zifihlwe" kahle esondweni eliyisipele.

Inombolo ka-octane yemethane

Okwesithathu, ngenxa yengcindezi ephezulu, igesi encane kakhulu ingena kumasilinda e-methane kune-propane. Ngakho-ke, uzodinga ukukhokhisa kaningi. Okwesine, amandla enjini ye-methane ehla kakhulu. Kunezizathu ezintathu zalokhu. Ukuze ushise i-methane, udinga umoya omningi, futhi ngevolumu elinganayo, inani lenhlanganisela yomoya-gesi phakathi kwalo lizoba ngaphansi kuka-petroli-air. IMethane inenombolo ephezulu ye-octane futhi idinga isilinganiso sokucindezela esiphakeme ukushisa. Ingxube yegesi-yomoya ishisa kancane, kepha lokhu kubuyiselwa emuva kunxeshezelwa kancane ngokubeka i-angle yokuqala yokushisa noma ngokuxhuma idivaysi ekhethekile, i-variator. Ukwehla kwamandla lapho usebenza ne-propane akubalulekanga kangako, futhi lapho ufaka imijovo nge-HBO, kucishe kungabonakali. Yebo, futhi nesimo sokugcina esivimbela ukusabalala kwe-methane. Inethiwekhi yeziteshi zokugcwalisa i-methane ezifundeni eziningi ithuthuka kakhulu kune-propane. Noma ngingekho nhlobo.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Kungani i-methane emotweni iyingozi? Ingozi kuphela ye-methane i-tank depressurization. Uma ukuqhekeka okuncane kuvela ku-cylinder (ibonakala ikakhulukazi ku-gearbox), khona-ke izondiza ihlukane futhi ilimaze abaseduze.

Iyini ukusetshenziswa kwe-methane ngekhilomitha elingu-100? Kuya ngokuthi "ukuminza" kwemoto kanye nesitayela sokushayela somshayeli. Ngokwesilinganiso, i-methane isetshenziswa cishe ama-beeches angu-5.5 ngamakhilomitha angu-100. Uma injini idla amalitha ayi-10. uphethiloli ngekhulu, bese i-methane izohamba cishe ngama-cubic metres ayi-9.

Ikuphi okungcono kunemethane noma uphethiloli? Uphethiloli ochithekile unamandla okuvutha. I-methane iyaguquguquka, ngakho ukuvuza kwayo akukubi kangako. Naphezu kwenombolo ye-octane ephakeme, ukusebenzisa injini nge-methane kukhipha amandla amancane.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-propane ne-methane? I-Propane iyigesi ewuketshezi. Ithuthwa ngaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu yama-atmospheres ayi-15. I-Methane iyigesi yemvelo, egcwala emotweni ngaphansi kwengcindezi efinyelela ku-250 atm.