Odinga ukukwazi lapho ukhetha i-acoustics yemoto
Okuqukethwe
Ukukhethwa kwe-acoustics yemoto akuyona into elula, ngoba lokhu kudinga okungenani ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwethiyori yomsindo wemoto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunoma yikuphi, udinga isipiliyoni ekufakeni nasekulungiseleleni imishini, ngoba ngemva kokufakwa ngokunganaki, umnikazi we-acoustics angase ahlangabezane nezizinda, ikhwalithi yomsindo empofu nezinye izinkinga.
Ukuthenga ama-acoustics abizayo akukabi ikhambi lezinkinga zomsindo zesikhathi esizayo. Ukusebenza okugcwele kwezinhlelo ze-acoustic kungenzeka kuphela uma zifakwe ngobungcweti. Ngakho-ke, singaphetha ngokuthi ukusetha okulungile nokufakwa kwesikhulumi kubaluleke kakhulu kunezindleko zaso. Kulesi sihloko, sizophendula ukuthi yimaphi ama-acoustics okufanele ukhethe, nokuthi yini okufanele uyibheke lapho uthenga izingxenye ze-acoustic.
Izinhlobo zesipika
Uma ucabanga ukuthi iyiphi isistimu yomsindo ongakhetha kuyo imoto, udinga kuqala ukuthola izinhlobo zezikhulumi. Zonke izikhulumi zezinhlelo zomsindo zivame ukuhlukaniswa zibe izigaba ezimbili - i-coaxial nengxenye.
Iyini i-coaxial acoustics
Izipikha ze-coaxial ziyisipikha, okuwumklamo wezipikha ezimbalwa ezikhiqiza amafrikhwensi ahlukene. Ngokuya nge-crossover eyakhiwe ekwakhiweni kwalolu hlobo lwesikhulumi, ngokuvamile ihlukaniswe ngezindlela ezimbili-ntathu, 4..5..6.. njll. Ukuze uthole ukuthi mangaki amabhendi akhona kuzikhulumi ze-coaxial, udinga nje ukubala izikhulumi. Sifuna ukunaka iqiniso lokuthi amabhendi amathathu anele ukukhiqiza kabusha wonke amaza omsindo.
I-Acoustic enamabhendi angu-4 noma ngaphezulu izwakala ikhala kakhulu futhi akujabulisi ukuyilalela. Izinzuzo ze-coaxial acoustics zifaka kalula ukushesha kanye nezindleko eziphansi.
Yenzelweni i-component acoustics?
Ama-acoustics ezingxenye izikhulumi zebanga lefrikhwensi ehlukene, ezitholakala ngokuhlukana. Lezi zikhulumi ezingochwepheshe zinomsindo wekhwalithi ephezulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izikhulumi ezinamafrikhwensi ahlukene azikho endaweni eyodwa.
Ngakho, ungathola injabulo egcwele ngokulalela umculo, njengoba umsindo uhlukaniswa ube izingxenye ezihlukene. Kodwa-ke, kufanele ukhokhele noma yikuphi ukuzijabulisa: izikhulumi ezinjalo zibiza i-oda lobukhulu ngaphezu kwe-coaxial, futhi ukufaka ingxenye ye-acoustics kudinga umzamo omkhulu.
Ukuqhathaniswa kwengxenye kanye ne-coaxial acoustics
Izinga lokukhiqiza kabusha umsindo, intengo kanye nokulula kokufakwa akukona konke okuhlukanisa ama-coaxial acoustics kwezinye izingxenye. Omunye umehluko obalulekile phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zezikhulumi indawo yomsindo emotweni. Ukungalungi kwezipikha ze-coaxial kufaka phakathi ukuthi zenza umsindo ugxile kancane. Izipikha zomnyango wangaphambili ziyizikhulumi eziyingxenye. Ama-frequency aphezulu, uma eqondiswe emilenzeni, anzima kakhulu ukuzwa, ngenxa yezingxenye ezihlukanisiwe, ama-tweeters afakwe phezulu, isibonelo, kudeshibhodi yemoto futhi aqondiswe kumlaleli. Ngakho-ke, imininingwane yomsindo iyanda izikhathi eziningi; umculo uqala ukudlala hhayi kusuka ngezansi, kodwa kusukela phambili, okubizwa ngokuthi umphumela wesiteji.
I-Diffuser ne-suspension material
Noma iyiphi incazelo yobungcweti yamalawudispikha kumele iqukathe ulwazi mayelana nokuthi benziwe ngani. Izinto ezilandelayo zingasetshenziswa ekwenzeni ama-diffusers: iphepha, i-polypropylene, i-backstren, i-titanium, i-magnesium, i-aluminium, njalonjalo.
Okuvame kakhulu ama-diffuser wephepha. Ekukhiqizeni kwabo, amashidi ephepha acindezelwa ndawonye, emva kwalokho anikezwa isimo se-conical. Kodwa kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi, eqinisweni, cishe wonke ama-diffusers ephepha angabalwa ohlotsheni oluhlanganisiwe, njengoba ezinye izinto zokwenziwa zisetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni kwazo. Abakhiqizi abadumile abalokothi badalule ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezisetshenziswayo, ngoba ngamunye wabo uneresiphi yakhe yokuphathelene.
- Izinzuzo zezigaxa zephepha zihlanganisa umsindo onemininingwane, odalwa ngenxa yekhwalithi ephezulu ye-damping yangaphakathi. Ukungalungi okuyinhloko kwama-cone wephepha kubhekwa njengamandla abo aphansi, ngenxa yalokho amandla omsindo ohlelweni lomsindo alinganiselwe.
- Ama-diffuser enziwe nge-polypropylene anomklamo oyinkimbinkimbi. Zibonakala ngomsindo ongathathi hlangothi, kanye nezici ezinhle kakhulu zokuphoqelela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-diffuser anjalo amelana kakhulu nemithelela yemishini kanye ne-atmospheric kune-diffuser yamaphepha.
- Ama-diffuser enziwe nge-titanium ne-aluminium aqala ukwenziwa eJalimane ngeminyaka yama-80s. Ukukhiqizwa kwabo kusekelwe kubuchwepheshe be-vacuum deposition. Izindlu ezenziwe ngalezi zinto zihlukaniswa ngekhwalithi yomsindo engcono kakhulu: umsindo usobala futhi ucacile.
Sengiphetha, kulesi sigaba, ngithanda ukusho ukuthi abakhiqizi bafunde ukwenza ama-acoustics amahle cishe kunoma iyiphi impahla, kukhona ngisho nezikhulumi ezenziwe ngezinsimbi ezihloniphekile, kodwa zibiza imali eningi. Sikweluleka ukuthi unake izikhulumi nge-cone yephepha, inomsindo ohloniphekile kakhulu, futhi ihlolwe isizukulwane esingaphezu kwesisodwa.
Futhi kuyadingeka ukuthi unake ukuthi iyiphi impahla ukumiswa kwangaphandle kwe-diffuser kwenziwa ngayo. Ukumiswa kungenziwa ngezinto ezifanayo njenge-diffuser, noma kungase kube yinto ehlukile ngendlela yendandatho eyenziwe ngerabha, i-polyurethane noma enye impahla. Enye yezinga eliphezulu kakhulu nokumiswa okuvamile irabha. Kumelwe ihlale iqondile phezu kobubanzi bokunyakaza kwesistimu yesikhulisazwi, futhi iguquguquke njengoba lokhu kuthinta imvamisa yokukhala.
I-subwoofer iyisipika esifanayo esikwazi ukukhiqiza kabusha amaza aphansi kuphela "Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-subwoofer engenzi lutho kanye nesebenzayo."
Amandla nokuzwela kwama-acoustics
Abaningi banesithakazelo endleleni yokukhetha izikhulumi zomsakazo wemoto, kodwa abaqondi ukuthi kusho ukuthini ipharamitha njengamandla. Kunombono oyiphutha wokuthi lapho amandla engeziwe, isikhulumi sizodlala kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ekusebenzeni, kuvela ukuthi isikhulumi esinamandla angu-100 W sizodlala sithule kunesipika esinengxenye yamandla. Ngakho-ke, singaphetha ngokuthi amandla awawona inkomba yevolumu yomsindo, kodwa ukwethembeka kwemishini yesistimu.
Ivolumu yezikhulumi ngokwezinga elithile incike emandleni abo, noma kunjalo, ayihlobene ngokuqondile nale parameter. Kunengqondo ukunaka amandla esistimu yomsindo kuphela uma kuziwa ekuthengeni ama-acoustics weamplifier. Kulokhu, amandla alinganiselwe kuphela (i-RMS) abalulekile, ngoba ezinye izibalo ngeke zinikeze ulwazi oluwusizo kumthengi futhi zizomdukisa kuphela. Kodwa ngisho ne-RMS kwesinye isikhathi ayihlangene kangako neqiniso, ngakho-ke kulungile ukusho ukuthi inani lamandla alinalo ulwazi kakhulu kubathengi abangaba izipikha.
Ubukhulu bezibuthe besipikha buyakhohlisa, ngoba amasistimu omsindo abizayo anamazibuthe e-neodymium. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi zibonakala zingabonakali ngokubukeka, izakhiwo zazo kazibuthe ziphakeme kakhulu kunezozibuthe ze-ferrite. Eqinisweni, lokhu kusho ukuthi umsindo wangaphambili unamandla kakhulu, ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obuncane, amasistimu kazibuthe we-neodymium nawo anezihlalo ezijulile, okwenza kube lula ukufakwa kwazo emotweni.
Ukuzwela ipharamitha yamasistimu omsindo ekhombisa ukushuba kwengcindezi yomsindo. Lapho ukuzwela kuphezulu, umsindo uyanda, kodwa kuphela uma izikhulumi zinikezwa amandla ashiwo. Isibonelo, isipikha esinamandla aphansi esibhangqwe ne-amplifier enamandla singakhiqiza umsindo ophakeme kunesipika esizwela kakhulu. Iyunithi yokulinganisa ukuzwela i-decibel ihlukaniswa ngomkhawulo wokuzwa (dB/W*m). Ukuzwela kuthintwa amapharamitha afana nokucindezela komsindo, ibanga ukusuka kumthombo, namandla esignali. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukuqaphela ukuthi akudingekile ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthembela kule parameter, ngoba abanye abakhiqizi besikhulumi balinganisa ukuzwela ezimweni ezingezona ezijwayelekile. Ngokufanelekile, ukuzwela kufanele kukalwe ebangeni elingengaphezu kwemitha elilodwa ngesignali ye-watt eyodwa.
Uma ukhetha izipikha emotweni yakho, buza umthengisi ukuthi lesi sipikha sinozwela luni? Ukuzwela okuphansi kungu-87-88 db, sikweluleka ukuthi ukhethe ama-acoustics anokuzwela okungu-90-93db.
Funda futhi isihloko esithi, "ungayikhetha kanjani i-amplifier elungile yesistimu yakho yomsindo."
Isiqalo
Esinye isincomo esinganikezwa labo abacabangela ukukhetha umkhiqizi othize akukona ukuxosha inani eliphansi futhi uqaphele lapho uthenga izikhulumi ezivela kubakhiqizi abangadumile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amazwi abathengisi alinga kangakanani, akufanele unake lezi zinhlinzeko ezilingayo, ngoba kuhlale kungcono ukuphendukela kubakhiqizi asebezinzile isikhathi eside emakethe.
Banokuhlangenwe nakho kwamashumi eminyaka ekukhiqizeni izikhulumi, bazisa isithunzi sabo, ngakho-ke bakhiqiza impahla yekhwalithi ephezulu kuphela.
Impendulo yombuzo wokuthi ungakhetha kanjani i-acoustics yemoto ayisalula, isibonelo, eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, ngoba kukhona inani elikhulu labakhiqizi emakethe (ngaphezu kuka-200). Ukubusa kwamasistimu e-acoustic aseShayina kwawenza waba nzima kakhulu umsebenzi. Ungayinaki ngokuphelele imikhiqizo yamaShayina, ngoba ngesabelomali esiqinile, ukuthenga uhlelo lwesikhulumi kusuka eChina ngeke kube yisinqumo esibi kangako. Kodwa inkinga iwukuthi kunenani elikhulu labathengisi abangathembekile emakethe abethula izinhlelo zomsindo ezenziwe eShayina njengomkhiqizo onezimpawu ezivela kubakhiqizi baseMelika noma baseYurophu. Kulokhu, umthengi, onqume ama-ruble angamakhulu ambalwa, uzothenga ama-acoustics "ophawu" nge-$ 100, lapho intengo yawo yangempela ingeqi ama-dollar angu-30.
Uma sibheka umbandela njengokucaciswa komsindo, khona-ke ngomsindo wemvelo owengeziwe kunconywa ukuthi uthenge amasistimu omsindo aseYurophu (i-Morel, Magnat, Focal, Hertz, LightningAudio, JBL, DLS, BostonAcoustic, lolu akulona uhlu lonke) . Futhi sincoma ukuthi uyeke ukuthenga izinkampani ezifana ne-(Mystery, supra, Fusion, Sound max, calcel) Laba bakhiqizi banenani elingenangqondo kakhulu, kodwa ikhwalithi yomsindo yalezi zipikha ifanelekile. Izinhlelo zesikhulumi ezivela kwaSony, Pioneer, Panasonic, JVS, Kenwood nazo ziyizinketho ezinhle kakhulu, kodwa abanye abanikazi bazo bakhononda ngekhwalithi yomsindo ephakathi. Uma ufuna inhlanganisela ephelele yemingcele efana nentengo nekhwalithi, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuxhumana nabakhiqizi abakhulunywe ngenhla.
Ungazikhetha kanjani izipikha zevidiyo ezinhle ezivela e-Ural
isiphetho
Senze umzamo omkhulu ekwakheni lesi sihloko, sizama ukusibhala ngolimi olulula noluqondakalayo. Kodwa kukuwe ukuthi sikwenzile noma cha. Uma usenemibuzo, dala isihloko "kuforamu", thina nomphakathi wethu onobungane sizoxoxa ngayo yonke imininingwane futhi sithole impendulo engcono kakhulu kuyo.
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