Yikuphi okungcono: ukulungisa injini noma injini yenkontileka?
Namuhla, cishe kunoma yisiphi isiteshi sesevisi, esikhundleni sokulungisa injini noma ngisho nokuqeda ukuguga kwezinye izakhi, banikela ngokuthatha injini "yenkontileka". Izimpikiswano zilula: ngokushesha, ishibhile, ziqinisekisiwe. Zuza? Kodwa empeleni isimo sihluke kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, ama-syndromes ayadumaza: umusi ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ovela ku-chimney, amandla alahlekile, amafomu e-soot emakhandleleni, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli namafutha "kwedlule" yonke imingcele ecatshangwayo nengacatshangwa. Isinqumo sikaMaster: Injini kaKhan. Ekuqinisekiseni amazwi omshini - ukucindezela okuphansi kumasilinda kanye nokungqongqoza lapho usebenza "engenzi lutho". Sekuyisikhathi sokuthi injini iphumule.
Isixazululo sizonikezwa ngokushesha: kungani ungcolisa izandla zakho futhi usebenzise imali eyengeziwe lapho ungakwazi ukufaka injini entsha ngokushesha nangobuchwepheshe? Yebo, njengokusha: kusetshenzisiwe, kepha kusesimweni esihle. Iwaranti! Injini ingaphansi kwenkontileka. Amaphepha, izimpawu, amasignesha - konke kuyatholakala.
Isizathu sokulutha okunjalo sichazwa kalula: lokhu kuwukusebenza okukhangayo ngokwezezimali hhayi kuphela "kumuntu oyisisulu" - imoto yenkontileka izobiza kancane kune-bulkhead futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, "i-capital" - kodwa futhi nenkonzo. Ngempela, esimweni esiphumelelayo, imoto ngeke ithathe i-lift eyigugu hhayi ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu, futhi ubuhlakani bomshini bomsebenzi onjalo ngeke budingeke nhlobo.
Kwaba ukungabi nangqondongqondo okuqinile okwaba imbangela eyinhloko ye-craze yezingxenye ezisele zenkontileka: awukwazi ukuthola uchwepheshe omuhle ntambama ngomlilo, futhi ngomsebenzi wakhe uzobuza izikhathi eziningi ngaphezu "komshini", ukuhlafuna amakhukhisi eholweni. I-arithmetic elula, uyitithi ezandleni zakhe. Ibhizinisi nje.
Izingxabano "for" ezizoholela umnikazi wemoto ongenelisekile cishe ziyafana yonke indawo: injini yenkontileka ishibhile, iyatholakala, injini, ngokomthetho, manje sinengxenye engenakubalwa, umsebenzi uzothatha isikhathi esincane. . Kukho konke okungenhla, okokugcina kuphela okuyiqiniso: i-bulkhead noma, uNkulunkulu makube njalo, ukulungiswa kwenjini kuthatha isikhathi eside kakhulu. Phela, iyunithi yamandla ekhathele idinga ukuhlakazwa, ingasebenzi, ithathe futhi ithole izingxenye ezisele ezidingekayo, ilungise lezo zingxenye ezingaphansi kokubuyiselwa, bese ihlangana kuphela.
Ibhayisikili mayelana "nengxenye engenanombolo" izohamba eceleni kumnikazi olandelayo: akukho lutho oluhlolisiswa ngokucophelela ngamaphoyisa omgwaqo emotweni esetshenzisiwe lapho ehamba ngenqubo yokubhalisa, njengemoto. Kancane, ngokunemba nangokugcina isikhathi, abasebenzi babheka izinombolo, futhi noma yikuphi ukuphambana kukuthumela ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthi "ukhishwe". Okungukuthi, ukuhlolwa.
Nokho, ngisho le ngxabano iyeka abambalwa, bathi, akuyona inkinga yami. Kodwa indaba "eshibhile" ihlale iyimpumelelo! Ayikho into ekhanga umshayeli wasekhaya njengethuba lokonga imali. Wonke umuntu usevele ukhohliwe mayelana nompristi kanye nokushibhile, kodwa, ngokuqinisekile, bayakhumbula ngoshizi ku-mousetrap.
Injini yenkontileka enhle ngempela, enemayela eliphansi ukusuka ezweni elinophethiloli wekhwalithi ephezulu, izobiza. Akushibhile kakhulu kune "capital", ekugcineni ekuqinisekisa injini engcono kakhulu: eyakho ngokusho kwemibhalo ekhona futhi entsha ngokuphelele.
Lapha kufanelekile ukufaka amachashazi wonke u-“i”: chaza umehluko phakathi kwe-bulkhead kanye nokulungiswa kabusha kwenjini. Kuyisiko ukubiza i-bulkhead ngokungenelela okuyingxenye, lapho izingxenye ezigugile zithathelwa indawo ama-node: njengokushintsha iziqondiso ze-valve, izigxivizo ze-valve stem kanye ne-camshaft. Ngesikhathi se-bulkhead, ikhanda le-cylinder liphansi futhi ama-gaskets ayashintshwa.
Uma i-motor iseduze nokuthuthukiswa okugcwele kwesisetshenziswa sayo, khona-ke izodinga ukulungiswa okukhulu: injini izohlakazwa ngokuphelele, izinga lokubhujiswa kwento ngayinye lizohlolwa, ibhulokhi nekhanda kuzobhekwa ukuqhekeka nokunye. izimpawu zokusebenza, futhi zonke izikhala zizokalwa ngokucophelela. Ikhanda le-cylinder lizogezwa futhi lipholishwe, uma kunesidingo, imifantu izobuyiselwa futhi i-welded, i-camshaft izobuyiselwa noma ifakwe entsha, ama-valve azoshintshwa, ama-hydraulic lifters amasha kanye ne-valve stem seal izofakwa. Bazobuyisela ukusebenza kwangempela kwe-crank mechanism - into ebaluleke kakhulu yokusebenza kwenjini yangaphakathi yomlilo. I-block izoba nesithukuthezi ukufaka ama-piston amasha nama-piston rings, ama-liner azofakwa uma kunesidingo, imifantu izolungiswa, ama-liner azoshintshwa.
Yebo, ekuphumeni kuyoba injini entsha ngokuphelele esimweni sayo kanye nemingcele, esadinga ukuqoqwa ngendlela efanele, futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, yethulwe kahle okokuqala ngqa ngokulungisa amasistimu wokuhlinzeka nge-ignition kanye nengxube kaphethiloli. Kuningi okumelwe kwenziwe kangangokuthi akekho uchwepheshe ongasho ngokushesha izindleko eziqondile zokulungisa okunjalo.
Kokubili i-bulkhead kanye nokulungisa kabusha kuyimisebenzi ebizayo engagwenywa noma, cishe, ibambezeleke. Ukusebenza ngendlela efanele kanye nokugcinwa ngesikhathi, ukuphatha ngokucophelela nokuqapha njalo kuzovumela izinjini zesimanje ezintekenteke ezinamandla amakhulu ukujabulisa abanikazi bazo izinkulungwane eziningi zamakhilomitha.
Hhayi-ke, uma "uyisusa ekulawuleni", khona-ke ngisho nama-motor edume yesikhathi esidlule - "izigidi" - ngeke akwazi ukuphikisa noma yini esigqini esishisayo sedolobha elikhulu nesiminyaminya salo kanye nokuqala okungazelelwe kwamarobhothi, ukuntuleka kokushisisa nokupholisa okufanele, ukusebenza njalo ngesivinini esikhulu nokuma kungazelelwe . I-ayina iyaguga nayo. Kodwa ezandleni ezinekhono, ingakwenza lokhu kancane kakhulu.
