Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-chassis ne-suspension yemoto
Umzimba namasondo kuxhunywe isakhiwo esinwebekayo, esinciphisa i-amplitude kanye nemvamisa yokudlidliza okuvela kokungalungi komgwaqo. Inhloso eyinhloko yedivayisi ukudala induduzo edingekayo nokuphepha kwabagibeli kanye nomshayeli wemoto.
Ukunethezeka nokuphepha kwemoto kunikezwa idivayisi yokunwebeka - ukumiswa. Futhi isakhiwo esijwayelekile sokuthambisa siphinde sibandakanyeke ekudluliseni isikhathi sokuhamba komshini. Ake sibhekisise umehluko phakathi kwe-chassis ne-suspension yemoto.
Liyini igiya lokugijima
Phakathi komzimba namasondo kunesistimu enwebekayo edambisa ukudlidliza nokudlidliza ngenxa yokungahambi kahle komgwaqo. Ngenxa yale divayisi, abagibeli bemoto yomgibeli bavikelekile emsindweni nasekunyakazeni. Ngaphezu kwezakhiwo ezinwebekayo, i-undercarriage yomshini ihlukaniswa nokudluliselwa komfutho kusuka ekudluliseleni amasondo nomzimba. Enye inhloso yalo mklamo uwukuvikela emgqeni oyingozi lapho uqondiswa futhi ujika ngesivinini.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-chassis yemoto:
- ukumiswa ngaphambili;
- idivayisi yokunwebeka yangemuva;
- imicamelo yenjoloba yenjini nokudlulisa;
- amathayi namarimu.
I-chassis yemoto
Izingxenye zokudambisa kanye nezingxenye zihlanganiswa zibe idizayini eyodwa ukuvikela umzimba ekudlidlizeni nasekushaqekeni. Ama-oscillations okwenzeka uma imoto ihamba anomehluko omkhulu we-amplitude kanye nesikhathi somthelela ekumisweni. I-chassis iguqula amaqhubu amakhulu emgwaqeni abe ukunyakaziswa kancane komzimba. Umsebenzi wokudambisa ukudlidliza okuncane wenziwa ngokuphumelelayo ngokufaka irabha neziphethu.
I-undercarriage yemoto ihlukaniswa nokwamukela imithwalo emikhulu ngesikhathi sokunyakaza. Ngakho-ke, izingxenye zedivayisi ziguga ngokushesha. Kulokhu kuxhumana, kuyadingeka ukuxilonga njalo izingxenye nezinhlelo ze-chassis yezimoto. Uma kunesidingo, shintsha izingxenye ezinesici ufake ezintsha.
Ukuhlolwa nokugcinwa kwe-suspension kwenziwa kanye njalo nge-10000 km. Kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuxilongwa ngemuva kokushaya okunamandla kwesondo nokumiswa lapho ushaya isithiyo. Ukugcinwa okufanele nokujwayelekile kanye nokulungiswa kwe-chassis kwandisa impilo yemoto.
Kuyini ukumiswa
Umzimba namasondo kuxhunywe isakhiwo esinwebekayo, esinciphisa i-amplitude kanye nemvamisa yokudlidliza okuvela kokungalungi komgwaqo. Inhloso eyinhloko yedivayisi ukudala induduzo edingekayo nokuphepha kwabagibeli kanye nomshayeli wemoto.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokumiswa kwemoto:
- I-Dependent - ukuxhuma umzimba ne-ekseli ngepheya lamasondo. I-damper ngokuvamile iyintwasahlobo noma intwasahlobo. Lolu hlobo lokumiswa lusetshenziswa kakhulu emalolini nasemabhasini.
- I-Independent - isebenza esondweni ngalinye ngokuhlukana. Kudambisa kahle ukudlidliza nokugingqika komzimba ngisho nalapho imoto ishayisa isithiyo esinohlangothi olulodwa kuphela.
- Uhlobo lwe-Multi-link "MacPherson" olunama-struts amisiwe - asetshenziswa kaningi ku-axle yangemuva yemoto edonsa ngamasondo angaphambili.
- I-Semi-dependent - ihlanganisa izinzuzo ze-lever design kanye neyodwa eqinile. Ibha ye-torsion ithambisa i-roll yomzimba kahle lapho ijika amakhona.
Ubuhle nobubi bokumiswa okuxhomekile
Uhlu lwama-elementi amisiwe:
- izinsimbi nezisekelo;
- ama-hinge nodes;
- izifunxi ezishaqisayo;
- iziphethu;
- amabhlogo athule;
- izembozo zokuzivikela - anthers.
Umehluko ekwakhiweni kwedrayivu yangaphambili yomshini ukuthi idivayisi enwebekayo ivumela amasondo ukuthi ajike ngokuhambisanayo azungeze i-eksisi eqondile. Konke sibonga ama-hinge joints - amalunga e-CV angaphakathi nangaphandle. Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwedivayisi yokuthambisa luqukethe isisekelo - ugongolo oluqinile, lapho zonke ezinye izakhi zesakhiwo zixhunywe nezinsimbi.
Ukumiswa kanye ne-chassis - into efanayo?
Imoto ayisebenzi ezimeni ezifanele. Emgwaqeni kunemigodi namaqhubu, indawo eshelelayo. Umsebenzi obalulekile wokuvikela ukudlidliza kanye nokugingqika komzimba okuyingozi wenziwa yi-undercarriage. Ukumiswa - ingxenye eyinhloko yalo mklamo - ibona futhi idonsa umthelela wamandla wangaphandle emzimbeni.
Imisebenzi yezinhlelo kanye nezakhi ze-chassis yemoto:
- Uhlaka okunamathiselwe kulo amanodi wedivayisi enwebekayo. Isakhiwo esisekelayo ngokuvamile senziwe ngensimbi nezinye izinto ezihlala njalo.
- Ukumiswa kuma-ekseli angemuva nangaphambili, ukudlidliza okudambisayo kusuka ekushaqekeni futhi kuthathe umzuzu wokunyakaza. Umklamo uhlukile ezimotweni zendlovukazi ezahlukene.
- Ivikelwe kahle ebhulohweni eligqwalile elenziwe ngensimbi eqinile. Isisindo semoto sincike kule nodi.
- Amasondo anamathayi athinta ngqo amabhampa omgwaqo. Isimo samasondo sinomthelela ekuphatheni nasekuphepheni kwemoto ukushayela.
- Izakhi ezinwebekayo ezengeziwe ze-undercariage zinciphisa umsindo nokudlidliza. Ukufakwa kwerabha nentwasahlobo, izakhi ze-hydraulic nezomoya zimunca ngempumelelo amandla okudlidliza.
Izimpawu eziyinhloko zokungasebenzi kahle imoto ehamba eceleni lapho igudla ugu, inyakazisa ngamandla kanye ne-body roll, ingqongqoza ku-suspension kanye nokudlidliza ku-cabin.
