Imoto yezikhali i-Ehrhardt BAK (Ballon-Abwehr Kanone)
Imoto yezikhali i-Ehrhardt BAK (Ballon-Abwehr Kanone)Imodeli yokuqala yemoto yezikhali yakhiwe ngekhophi eyodwa.
Imoto yezikhali "Erhardt" VAK enoboya obungama-50 mm "Rheinmetall" kusemi-tower evuliwe ngemuva.
Imoto yezikhali Ehrhardt BAK (Ballon-Abwehr Kanone - anti-aerostatic gun), eyakhiwa ngo-1906 yinkampani i-Erhardt evela kuZela-Saint-Blazy, kwakuyimoto yokuqala eyakhiwe eJalimane, kanye neyokuqala ochungechungeni lokulwa. izimoto zalolu hlobo. Imoto yezikhali ifakwe inganono engu-50 mm ngokushesha futhi yakhelwe ukubhekana namabhaluni esitha, ukubonakala kwawo phezu kwezikhundla kwaqala ukuphazamisa amabutho aseYurophu.
Igumbi elinomuntu, elalibanzi kakhulu kunegumbi lenjini, lalihlanganisa indawo yokulawula kanye negumbi lokulwa. Kwakungenzeka ukuthi ingene kuyo ngezicabha ezinhlangothini zesikebhe, enikezwe endaweni yegumbi lokulawula futhi ivuleke ngasemuva. Umbundu wawuphakeme kakhulu, ngakho amabhodi ezinyawo okhuni ayenanyathiselwa ohlakeni olungaphansi komzimba. Amafasitela amabili avulekile angunxande eshidini elingaphambili eligobekile lesikebhe ayesebenzela ukubuka indawo. Kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zomkhumbi kwakukhona iwindi elilodwa elinama-armored dampers.
Ukuphakama kwe-hull ngaphezu kwendawo yokulawula kwakungaphansi kokuphakama kwengemuva - kule ndawo kwakukhona i-semi-turret evuliwe ngemuva nge-cannon engu-50-mm ye-Rheinmetall enobude bemiphongolo engama-calibers angu-30. Umshini okwagxunyekwa kuwo isibhamu wenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukusikhomba lapho bekuhlosiwe khona endizeni eqondile ene-engeli yokuphakama engu-70 °. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakungenzeka ukudubula kusuka ku-cannon ezindaweni ezihlosiwe. Endizeni evundlile, iye yafakwa emkhakheni ongu-± 30 ° ngokuhlobene ne-axis yobude bemoto yezikhali. Izinhlamvu zenganono bezihlanganisa amarawundi angu-100 ohlobo lwe-50 mm, ezithuthwe ngamabhokisi akhethekile emzimbeni wemoto.
Ngo-1906, e-7th International Automobile Exhibition eBerlin, imodeli yaboniswa esidlangalaleni. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, kwavela imoto evulekile engahlomile, futhi ngo-1910, u-Ehrhardt wasungula uhlelo olufanayo, kodwa kakade wonke amasondo (4 × 4) futhi ehlome ngesibhamu se-anti-aircraft esingu-65 mm esinomphongolo wamakhalibhu angu-35.
Iloli elidonsa ngawo wonke amasondo "Erhardt" elinesibhamu esingama-65 mm esilwa nendiza. U-Daimler wenza ngcono i-VAK ngo-1911 ngokuhlomisa iningi lemikhumbi. Imoto yezikhali "Erhardt" VAK ayizange ikhiqizwe ngobuningi. Cishe ngaso leso sikhathi, uDaimler naye waqala ukwakha umshini wokulwa namabhaluni. Imodeli yokuqala ifakwe inganono engu-77 mm Krupp futhi yayinamasondo amane, kodwa kwakungekho ukuvikelwa kwezikhali.
Iloli leplathifomu i-Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft (DMG) ("Dernburg-Wagen") eno-7.7 cm L / 27 BAK (inganono yokuvikela ibhaluni) (Krupp) Ngo-1909, inkampani yakwa-Daimler yakhipha imoto entsha esekelwe ku-chassis edonsa ngawo wonke amasondo (4 × 4) enenganono ye-Krupp engu-57-mm enomgqomo wobude obungama-calibers angu-30. Yayifakwe embhoshongweni ovulekile, kodwa osuvele uhlomile wokuzungeza oyisiyingi, owawunikeza isibhamu i-engeli yokuphakama eyanele yokudubula amabhaluni. Ingxenye yezikhali ivikele indawo okuhlalwa kuyo kanye nezinhlamvu. Imoto yezikhali "K-Flak", eyabamba iqhaza eMpini Yezwe Yokuqala, yayingenye yezimoto ezingcono kakhulu zokulwa zenkampani yeDaimler ngaleso sikhathi. Kwakuyimoto enesisindo samathani angu-8, ifakwe injini yamasilinda amane enamandla angu-60-80 hp; ukudluliswa kuvunyelwe ukuya phambili ngesivinini esine futhi emuva ngamabili. "U-Erhardt" waphendula ngokudala umshini ofanayo we-EV / 4 ngokusekelwe ku-chassis yemoto ehlomile yemodeli ka-1915. Imithombo:
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Amabutho cishe awo wonke amazwe aseYurophu ahamba phambili ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 aqala ukuzama ukusebenzisa izimoto zezikhali. Ngo-1905, ibutho lasePrussia laqala ukujwayelana nemoto yezikhali i-Daimler eyakhiwe e-Austrian edonsa ngawo wonke amasondo, umklamo wayo wawuqhubeka kodwa ubiza kakhulu. Futhi umyalo wamaJalimane, ungabonisi sithakazelo kuye, nokho wayala inkampani yakwaDaimler ukuthi imoto yezempi yakudala ibekwe ku-chassis yemoto yakwaMercedes ukuze iqhube izivivinyo zezempi. Ngaso leso sikhathi, umklami waseJalimane u-Heinrich Ehrhardt wethula i-Rheinmetall light cannon kwezempi, egibele i-chassis ye-Ehrhardt-Decauville, eyayihloselwe ukulwa namabhaluni.
Ukuze uthole ireferensi. UDkt. Heinrich Erhardt (1840-1928), owaziwa ngokuthi "i-Cannon King", unjiniyela ozifundisayo, umsunguli kanye nosomabhizinisi, unikeze igama lakhe enkampanini. Ukufaneleka kwakhe okuyinhloko ukusungulwa kwe-Rhine mechanical and engineering plant ngo-1889, kamuva eyaba ukukhathazeka okukhulu kwezempi nezimboni zaseJalimane "i-Rheinmetall". Ngo-1903, u-Erhardt wabuyela edolobheni lakubo laseThuringian eSt. U-Blaisey, lapho aguqula khona i-workshop yakhe encane, eyavulwa ngo-1878, ukuze kukhiqizwe izimoto, ngaleyo ndlela edala inkampani ye-Heinrich Ehrhardt Automobilwerke AG, esebenza ngamaloli alula futhi ahlala isikhathi eside ahlangabezana nezidingo zesikhathi. Lokhu kwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukubanikeza amasosha, ukuhlomisa inkampani Rheinmetall ngezikhali. Ekuqaleni kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, le nkampani yanikeza izimoto zamasosha ezithwala amathani angu-3,5-6,0 ngezinjini ezinamandla angu-45-60 hp. kanye ne-chain drive. Kodwa abazange babe umkhiqizo oyinhloko wezempi, u-Erhardt njalo abanentshisekelo enkulu ezimotweni zokulwa nezimoto ezihlomile.
Imoto yokuqala ehlomile yakhiwe ngekhophi eyodwa esekelwe ku-chassis u-Ehrhardt ayisebenzisa ukwakha amaloli amancane anenjini engu-60 hp four-cylinder. Umzimba wemoto wawunomumo olula ofana nebhokisi futhi wawenziwa ngamashidi ayisicaba ezikhali zensimbi, ayehlotshiswe kuhlaka lwe-engeli kanye namaphrofayili T. Ukubhuka kwesikebhe kanye ne-turret - 5 mm, nezinhlangothi, ingemuva nophahla - 3 mm. I-grill ye-armored yamboza i-radiator ye-hood, futhi ama-louver ahlinzekwa ezindongeni zegumbi lenjini ukuze kusetshenziswe umoya. Injini ye-carburetor eyi-four-cylinder liquid-cooled "Erhardt" enamandla angu-44,1 kW yafakwa phambi kwemoto ngaphansi kwe-hood yezikhali. Imoto yezikhali ikwazi ukuhamba emigwaqweni egandayiwe ngesivinini esikhulu esingama-45 km / h. I-torque esuka enjinini yayidluliselwa emasondweni okushayela kusetshenziswa iketango elilula. Amasondo omoya, aseyintsha enkulu, ayesetshenziswa emasondweni anamarimu ensimbi.
