Amabutho ahlomile eGreat Britain 1939-1945. ingxenye 2
I-A15 Crusader yayiwuhlobo oluphambili lwemoto yaseBrithani “esheshayo” ngesikhathi kuliwa eNyakatho Afrika ngo-1941-1942.
Ukubamba iqhaza kwe-1st Armored Division kanye ne-1st Armored Brigade of the Army emkhankasweni waseFrance we-1940 kwaholela eziphethweni ezibalulekile mayelana nenhlangano kanye nemishini yezakhiwo zezikhali zaseBrithani. Akuzona zonke ezingasetshenziswa ngokushesha, futhi akuzona zonke ezaziqondwa kahle. Kwadingeka abalimele abengeziwe kanye negazi lamasosha ukwethula izinguquko ezintsha, ezinkulu kakhulu.
Amasosha aseBrithani aphuma eFrance alahlekelwa cishe yizo zonke izinto zawo zokusebenza, ngakho kwadingeka ahlelwe kabusha. Isibonelo, ama-battalions ezibhamu zemishini akhiwa kusukela kumaqembu okuhlola ezigaba ezikhishwe, ezabe sezihlanganiswa zaba ama-machine gun brigades. Lezi zakhiwo zazihlome ngamaloli, izibhamu zemishini, kanye nezasekhaya nezivamile
izimoto zezikhali.
Uhlelo olusha lwenhlangano kanye nabasebenzi beqembu elihlomile lusahlinzekela ukuhlukaniswa kwalo libe ngamaqembu amabili ahlomile kanye neqembu lokusekela, nokho, ngaphezu kwezimpi zamathangi amathathu, ibutho ngalinye elihlomile liphinde lafaka nebutho lezibhamu ezinezimoto ezinezinkampani ezine ku-Universal Carrier. abathwali (ama-platoon amathathu enkampanini, angama-44 kuphela) ebutho) nasezimotweni zokuhlola ezinamasondo alula i-Humber (ithimba lokuhlola lenkampani) kanye nethimba lomkhuzi, phakathi kokunye, izigaba ezimbili zodaka ezingama-76,2-mm. Ibutho ngalinye lamathangi amasha lalizoba nezinkampani ezintathu, ama-platoons amane, amathangi amathathu asheshayo lilinye (16 inkampani ngayinye - elinamathangi amabili asheshayo kanye namathangi asekela amabili, ane-Howitzer esikhundleni se-cannon endaweni ye-Command), isamba Amathangi angama-52 anamathangi amane asheshayo eqenjini lomphathi wesigaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibutho ngalinye lalinethimba lokuhlola elinezithuthi zokuhlola ezinamasondo angu-10. I-armored brigade, enezinqola ezintathu kanye namathangi asheshayo angu-10 enkampanini yokulawula, yayinamathangi angu-166 (kanye nezimoto ezingu-39 ezinamasondo angenalutho, kuhlanganise ne-9 kumyalo we-brigade), ngakho kwakukhona amathangi angu-340 ezinkampanini ezimbili ze-division. , okuhlanganisa amathangi ayisishiyagalombili endlunkulu yophiko.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinguquko ezinkulu zenzeke eqenjini lokusekela. Manje yayisihlanganisa ibutho elilodwa lamasosha ahamba ngezinyawo eligcwele izimoto emalolini (ngaphandle kwezinkampani ezithwala izindiza ezisebenza emhlabeni wonke), ibutho lezempi lezempi, ibutho lezempi elilwa namathangi kanye neqembu lezempi elilwa nezindiza (njengamayunithi ahlukene esikhundleni senhlanganisela eyodwa), kanye namabili. amayunithi onjiniyela. izinkampani kanye nepaki yebhuloho. Uphiko luphinde lwagcwaliswa ngebutho lokuhlola ezimotweni ezihlomile.
namathangi alula.
Isigaba esihlomile, esinesakhiwo esisha sabasebenzi esasungulwa ngo-Okthoba 1940, sasinamasosha angu-13 (kuhlanganise nezikhulu ze-669), amathangi angu-626, izimoto ezihlomile ezingu-340, abathuthi bezobunhloli abangamasondo angu-58, izimoto ezingu-145 zomhlaba wonke (izithuthuthu ezingu-109) . .
Ukuphakama Kwamagundwane Ogwadule
Ukwakhiwa kwesinye isigaba samaselula eGibhithe kwamenyezelwa ngoMashi 1938. Ngo-September 1938, umkhuzi wawo wokuqala, uMajor General Percy Hobart, wafika eGibhithe, futhi ngemva kwenyanga kwaqala ukwakhiwa komfelandawonye wamaqhinga. Umnyombo wayo bekuyibutho elihlomile elihlomile elihlanganisa: iRoyal Hussars yesi-7 - ibutho lethangi elikhanyayo, i-8th Royal Irish Hussars - ibutho lezempi elihamba ngemoto kanye ne-11th Royal Hussars (eyakhe iPrince Albert) - ibutho lezimoto ezihlomile iRolls-Royce. Ibutho lesibili lalolu phiko bekuyibutho elihlomile elisindayo elinamabutho amabili: i-1st RTC Battalion kanye ne-6th RTC Battalion, womabili ahlome amathangi okukhanya e-Vickers Light Mk VI kanye namathangi aphakathi kwe-Vickers Medium Mk I kanye ne-Mk II. Ukwengeza, lolu phiko luhlanganisa neqembu labasekeli elihlanganisa ibutho lezempi lezempi le-3rd Regiment yeRoyal Horse Artillery (24 94-mm howwitzers), ibutho lezempi lebutho lokuqala le-Royal Fusiliers, kanye nezinkampani ezimbili zonjiniyela. .
Ngokushesha ngemva kokuqala kwempi, ngo-September 1939, iyunithi yashintsha igama layo laba yi-Panzer Division (ayikho inombolo), futhi ngo-February 16, 1940, yaba yi-7th Panzer Division. NgoZibandlela 1939, uMajor General Percy Hobart - ngenxa yokungavumelani nabaphathi bakhe - wasuswa esikhundleni sakhe; walandelwa nguMajor General Michael O'Moore Creagh (1892-1970). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-brigade ye-armored light yaba i-7th tank brigade, futhi i-armored brigade esindayo yaba yi-4th armored brigade. Iqembu lokusekela liphinde lashintsha ngokusemthethweni igama lalo kusuka ku-Pivot Group kuya kwiQembu Lokusekela (induku iyisivikelo esinyusa umthamo wokuthwala).
Kancane kancane, leli qembu lathola imishini emisha, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlomisa amathangi yonke i-7 Tank Brigade, futhi ibutho lesithathu le-4th Tank Brigade ngendlela ye-2nd Royal Tank Regiment lanezelwa kulo kuphela ngo-Okthoba 1940. I-7 Hussars nezimoto zayo ezihlomile - ukudluliselwa kwalolu phiko ezingeni lesigaba njengeqembu lokuhlola, futhi endaweni yalo - ibutho le-tank le-11 Royal Hussars, elidluliselwe e-UK.
