I-Bofors akuyona yonke into, ingxenye yesi-2.

Ikholomu yamabhethri ezibhamu ezingama-40-mm ezilwa nendiza ohambeni; Isifunda saseZaolziysky, ngo-1938. Krzysztof Nescior

Ukubonakala kwezibhamu ze-Bofors ezingxenyeni zezikhali ze-anti-aircraft kwakungabaza ukukhethwa kwendlela efanelekile yokuthutha hhayi nje kuphela izinhlamvu, kodwa futhi yonke inkimbinkimbi yemishini edingekayo ukuze isetshenziswe.

I-trailer enezinhlamvu nemishini

Kubonakala kulula ukunikeza le ndima emalolini afana ne-PF621, angeke akwazi ukugcina ijubane nokusebenza kahle kwemashi edonswa izibhamu ze-C2P, ikakhulukazi endaweni enzima, egcwele amabhokisi ezinhlamvu nemishini. Ngakho-ke, kwanqunywa ukuba kufakwe ama-trailer afanelekile ebhethrini, ukudonsa kwawo - okufana nezibhamu - okwakuzohlinzekwa ngogandaganda asebevele basunguliwe. Ngemuva kokuhlolwa kugandaganda owenziwe yi-PZInzh. bedonsa isibhamu se-Bofors kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-1936, kwanqunywa ukuthi okungenani ama-trailer amabili anamandla okuthwala cishe ama-1000 kg azodingeka ukuthutha abantu, izinhlamvu kanye nemishini ngesibhamu esisodwa. Ekuqaleni kuka-1936 no-1937, kwaba nokubhalelana okungacacile futhi okwakubonakala kunesiphithiphithi phakathi kwe-Ordnance Bureau, i-Armored Weapons Command, kanye ne-Bureau of Armored Weapons Technical Research (BBTechBrPanc) mayelana nokwakhiwa kwezidingo okufanele zisungulwe ama-trailer aklanyelwe.

Umbangi?

Ekugcineni, i-oda elisemthethweni lokukhiqizwa kwama-trailer prototypes lanikezwa, kanye nezidingo eziyisisekelo, ku-United Engineering Works, i-Kotłów ne-Wagonów L. Zeleniewski kanye ne-Fitzner-Gamper S.A. kusukela eSanok (okuthiwa "Zelenevsky"). Ngo-April 9, 1937 Uma kubhekwa imibhalo esekhona, le ndaba kwaxoxwa ngayo ngaphambili. Cishe ngasikhathi sinye, kwathunyelwa i-Locomotive Works yokuqala e-Poland SA (ebizwa ngokuthi "i-Fablok") kanye ne-Industrial Society of Mechanical Works uLilpop, u-Rau no-Lowenstein SA (okuthiwa i-LRL noma "i-Lilpop"). eNdaweni Yokuqala Yezitimela ePoland. Kubonakala sengathi izimboni zeZelenevsky zasabela ngokushesha kakhulu. Eziphakamisweni zangempela ezethulwa nguSanok ngoFebhuwari 1937, inqola yezinhlamvu nemishini kwakufanele kube imoto enamasondo angu-4 enohlaka lwensimbi olushiselwe isitembu kanye ne-asi yangaphambili ezungeza i-90 ° ohlangothini ngalunye. Ibhuleki bekumele lizibambele mathupha emasondweni angaphambili enqola uma kwenzeka ishayisa ugandaganda. Iziphethu zamaqabunga ezinkulu ezingama-32 zisebenze njengesisekelo sokumiswa kwamasondo omoya angu-6x4, kwase kugxunyekwa intwasahlobo yesihlanu ukuze kuncishiswe ibha yokudonsa. Ibhokisi elinokuvulwa ezinhlangothini zombili kanye neziphetho ezihleliwe lenziwe ngokhuni namakhona ensimbi. Ukuze kuvikelwe amabhokisi abekwe ku-trailer, iphansi lanezelwa uchungechunge lwemicu yokhuni kanye nezinsimbi ezifanele (ukukhawulela ukunyakaza okuqondile nokuvundlile). Kubonakala sengathi inguqulo yokuqala ye-trailer yayingenaso isikhala sezikhwama zabasebenzi.

Ngomhla zingama-23 kuJulayi, 1937, usonkontileka ovela eSanok wethula ama-trailer amabili angamamodeli ngoshintsho oluhluke kancane kuBuqondisi Bokuhlinzeka Ngezikhali Zezikhali (KZBrPants). Womabili amayunithi, nokho, aphenduke esinda kakhulu futhi amakhulu ngandlela thize kobekulindelwe yi-KZBrPants - isisindo sonqenqema esilinganisiwe sasingu-240 kg ngaphezu kwalokho obekulindelekile. Ngenxa yalokho, izincwadi zigcinwe mayelana nezinguquko ezidingekayo ekwakhiweni, ikakhulukazi mayelana nokunciphisa isisindo sayo. Umzimba wemodeli ye-KZBrPants, eshintshwe ngokuphindaphindiwe futhi yashintshwa ukuze kuthuthwe isethi ephelele yemishini, yavunywa kuphela ngo-September 3, 1938. Ngokusho kokuqagela kokuqala, i-trailer enesisindo somgwaqo esifinyelela ku-1120 kg (ngokweminye imithombo. I-1140 kg) bekufanele ithuthe: ibhokisi eli-1 elinomgqomo oyisipele (200 kg), ibhokisi eli-1 elinekhithi edingekayo (12,5 kg), amabhokisi ama-3 anezinhlamvu ezigcwele efektri (37,5 kg ngalinye, izingcezu eziyi-12 kumashubhu ekhadibhodi), 13 amabhokisi anezinhlamvu (25,5 kg ngalinye, 8 izingcezu .), 8 abasebenzi ojosaka (14 kg ngamunye) kanye 32x6 isondo eliyisipele (82,5 kg) - ingqikithi 851 kg. Naphezu kokuvunyelwa kwama-prototypes, ngoDisemba 22, 1937

I-KZBrPants ikhulume nosonkontileka ngencwadi ethi isethi entsha yemishini elandela umkhondo izothunyelwa ezimbonini, kuhlanganisa. amabhokisi angafakiwe ohlwini lwamagama kuze kube manje. Isisindo somthwalo omusha singu-1050 kg, okubonisa ukuthi kufanele uthuthwe ngokuphelele. Kwaphinde kwabekwa ukuthi uma umsebenzi owengeziwe wokunciphisa isisindo se-trailer uphumelele, ibhokisi elilodwa ngaphezulu (izinhlamvu?) kanye nojosaka abangu-2 kufanele kwengezwe, kodwa ukuze isisindo sesethi yonke singadluli ku-2000 kg. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ekupheleni kuka-1937 kakade kwakukhona 4 amakhophi trailer imodeli izinhlamvu izinhlamvu - trailer ezimbili Zelenevsky kanye prototypes akhiqizwa Lilpop futhi Fablok. Nokho, endabeni kaZelenevsky, izinguquko azizange ziphele, njengoba uhlu olusekhona lwezinye izinguquko ezingu-60 luyaziwa.

yango-August 3, 1938, okusobala ukuthi ayilivali icala.

Namuhla kunzima ukunquma ukuthi ukubukeka kokugcina kwama-trailer e-Sanok kwakunjani, futhi izithombe zezibonelo ezisekhona zibonisa ukusetshenziswa okufanayo kwezinguquko eziningana ezihlukahlukene, ezihlukene, ngokwesibonelo, endleleni yokunamathisela isondo eliyisipele, umklamo webhokisi lempahla. - izinhlangothi zangaphambili nangemuva zingehliswa, kusetshenziswe ibha yokudonsa, ojosaka besibhamu sendawo noma indawo yamabhokisi. . Sekwanele ukusho ukuthi kuwo wonke amabhethri ezikhali ezilwa nezindiza zohlobo A no-B afakwe i-Bofors wz. 36 40 mm izinga, okungenani izinto zokusebenza ezingama-300 kanye nezinqola zezinhlamvu kwadingeka zi-odwe futhi zilethwe, ngakho-ke kwaba umyalo onenzuzo wenkampani ngayinye yokubhida. Isibonelo: esinye sezibalo zokuqala zemboni ye-Sanok, sangoMashi 1937, sabonisa ukuthi inani lokunikezwa kwe-trailer yesibonelo lalingaba ngu-5000 zlotys (okuhlanganisa: abasebenzi abangu-539 zlotys, izinto zokukhiqiza 1822 zlotys, indawo yokusebenzela ibiza i-1185 zloty nezinye izindleko) . . Izibalo zesibili ezisekhona zihlehlela emuva ku-February 1938 - ngakho ngaphambi kokwethulwa kwezilungiso ezibalwe ngenhla - futhi ithatha ukukhiqizwa kochungechunge lwama-trailer angu-25 phakathi nezinyanga ezingu-6 noma ama-trailer angu-50 anenkathi yokulethwa kwezinyanga ezingu-7. Intengo ngeyunithi ngayinye ye-trailer kuleli cala kufanele ibe ngu-4659 1937 zlotys. Ohlelweni lwezezimali lonyaka wezimali wama-38/7000 mayelana nempahla yemoto yeyunithi yokuhlola, inani lentengo yeyunithi ye-trailer yabekwa ku-PLN 1938; Ngakolunye uhlangothi, eminye imibhalo equkethe uhlu lwethebula lentengo yeyunithi yezikhali nemishini ye-39/3700 ​​​​ikhombisa intengo ye-trailer enezinhlamvu nemishini ku-PLN XNUMX/XNUMX ​​kuphela.