Uphethiloli, udizili, i-biofuel, i-autogas. Nasi isifinyezo sezinhlobo ezahlukene zikaphethiloli!

Kudingeka amafutha ukuze imoto iqhubeke isebenza. Nokho, uhlobo lukaphethiloli oludingwa yimoto yakho luncike enjinini yayo. Udizili, i-hydrogen, i-bioethanol… Kungaba nzima ngezinye izikhathi ukuqonda izibaseli eziningi, ikakhulukazi umehluko nokusetshenziswa kwazo.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi yimaphi amafutha alungele imoto yakho?

Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lukaphethiloli ongalukhetha emagalaji kaphethiloli. Ukwehluleka ukwenza kanjalo kungase kubangele umonakalo omkhulu enjinini yemoto yakho. Kungakho sihlanganise ukubuka konke ngezansi lapho ungathola khona ulwazi ngezibaseli eziningi ezitholakala e-UK. Uma ungazi ukuthi hlobo luni lukaphethiloli oludingwa yimoto yakho, bheka imanuwali yemoto, okungukuthi imanuwali yomnikazi wemoto.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zamafutha?

Ngemva kokwethulwa kwesethi evumelanisiwe yamalebula kaphethiloli e-EU ngo-Okthoba 2018, amanye amalebula namagama angase akudide. Bheka ngezansi.

Injini ye-diesel

Sekuyisikhathi eside udizili usetshenziswa kakhulu ngoba ushibhile kunophethiloli ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uphethiloli wedizili uyizinhlobo ezintathu.

• B7 iyinjini yedizili ejwayelekile esetshenziswa kakhulu. Iqukethe u-7% we-biocomponent ebizwa ngokuthi i-fatty acid methyl ester (FAME).
• B10 ii wuhlobo olusha lukaphethiloli wedizili oluqukethe amazinga aphezulu e-biofuel afika ku-10%. Ayikake yethulwa e-UK, kodwa isivele yethulwa eFrance.
• I-XTL iwukubasela udizili wokwenziwa futhi awenziwanga nge-petroleum. Ingxenye yawo ivela kuwoyela kapharafini negesi.

I-petroli

Njengodizili, kunezinhlobo ezi-3 eziyinhloko zikaphethiloli. Lolu hlobo lukaphethiloli luyohlale lukhonjwa ngo-E oyindilinga (E we-ethanol).

• E5 ifanisa womabili amalebula e-SP95 kanye ne-SP98. Iqukethe i-bioethanol efika ku-5%, uphethiloli owenziwe ngezinto zokulima ezifana nommbila noma ezinye izitshalo.
• E10 iwuhlobo lukaphethiloli oluqukethe i-bioethanol engu-10%. Ayikethulwa e-UK okwamanje, kodwa cishe izokwethulwa izokwethulwa ngo-2021.
• E85 iqukethe i-85% ye-bioethanol. Ayitholakali kwezohwebo e-UK, kodwa ingatholakala kulo lonke elaseYurophu, ikakhulukazi eFrance, lapho ibizwa ngokuthi i-superethanol.

I-Autogas

• I-SPG imele i-Liquefied Natural Gas futhi ivame kakhulu ezimotweni ezinzima.
• H2 kusho i-hydrogen. Inzuzo yaleli phethiloli ukuthi ayikhiqizi i-CO2. Nokho, kuthatha amandla amaningi ukuyikhiqiza.
• CNG, noma igesi yemvelo ecindezelwe, iyigesi efanayo esetshenziselwa ukufudumeza amakhaya. Iqukethe i-methane egcinwe ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu.
• I-LPG kusho igesi ye-petroleum eliquefied. Lawa mafutha ayingxube ye-butane ne-propane.

Liyini ikusasa likaphethiloli wezimoto e-UK?

Ngaphambi kokuthenga imoto, kubalulekile ukufunda kabanzi ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zikaphethiloli ezikhona nokuthi iyiphi ehambisana nemoto. Futhi esikhathini esizayo, isimo sezinhlobo zikaphethiloli singashintsha njengoba izingxube ezintsha ze-bioethanol zithatha izintambo emakethe futhi siqhubekela ekusaseni eliluhlaza.

Njengoba izimoto eziningi e-Europe zihambisana nophethiloli oluhlaza, uphethiloli e-UK ungase uqukathe ama-biofuel engeziwe, osebenza njengesixazululo sesikhashana ngaphambi kokuthi sithuthele ezimotweni ezisebenza ngogesi kuphela. Uhulumeni wanquma kanjani ukuvala ukudayiswa kwazo zonke izimoto zikaphethroli nekadizili ngo-2040, kuzodingeka ukuthi kwethulwe izinyathelo zokwenza lolu shintsho lube lula.