Amabhange njengoba siwazi. I-automation izofika futhi ileveli

Ngokuphambene neminye imibono, lo mkhakha awuqinile nhlobo futhi awunakuguqulwa. Imboni yamabhange ibe nezinxushunxushu eziningi emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule, kusukela ekwethulweni kwemishini yokukhipha kanye nokufaka amadiphozithi kuya ekwethulweni kwamakhadi okukhokha, imali kagesi kanye nokubhanga nge-inthanethi. Lezi kwakuyizinguquko ngezinye izikhathi ubukhulu bazo bubukelwa phansi.

Noma kunjalo, amabhange, njengezikhungo namabhizinisi ahlinzeka ngohlu oluthile lwezinsizakalo, akhona futhi asebenza ngokuphepha. Ziseyizindawo ezinokwethenjelwa kakhulu lapho sigcina noma siboleka khona imali kuzo. Namanje akakakwazi ukudicilela phansi isithunzi sakhe nesikhundla sakhe igagasi lokuthandwa kwama-cryptocurrenciesokuvumela ukuthi ugcine futhi udlulise izimali ngokuphepha (ukuvikela ekwebiweni, kodwa hhayi ukulahlekelwa inani).

Kodwa-ke, uma indlela itholwe ezimele ezikhungweni zezimali kanye nezigaba zendabuko kanye "nezinhlamvu zemali" zedijithali ezifanayo, ngubani owaziyo? Wona kanye umqondo wohlobo lwemali olusekelwe inetha olungadluliswanga kunoma yiliphi ibhange noma i-fiduciary efanayo futhi olugeleza ngaphandle kwabalamuli kulokho kuthengiselana kuwukushayisana okukhulu kwaso kanye isisekelo sokuba khona. izikhungo zezimali zendabuko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba wazi, lezi zikhungo zithola kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamakhomishini kanye nokwehluka kwezinga lokushintshisana ezweni. kryptowaluty alahlekile.

Ngakho-ke ungakwazi ukukhokha phakathi kwabantu abavela ezingxenyeni ezimbili ezihlukene zomhlaba, ngaphandle kwamakhomishini, umngcele, amasiko, intela kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izithiyo. Ngakho-ke, indima yamabhange kuphela, kodwa lonke uhlelo lulonke lubukelwa phansi. Lesi yisihloko esibanzi esizokhuluma ngaso kwenye indatshana kulolu hlelo lweMT.

Ukubuyela emabhange, noma kunjalo, lezi zikhungo zigcina ukuzinza kwezimali, futhi i-cryptocurrencies ayilandelwa yinoma ubani, yingakho "imvelo" yezingcaphuno zabo. Isiphetho samabhange sihlobene nesiphetho semali yendabuko. Uma kukhona ukuphambuka kwezakhiwo ezaziwayo neziqinisekisiwe, yiqiniso, amabhange azoba nezinkinga. ukukhuluma ngayo dollar twilight, ukwethulwa kohlobo lwemali yase-China yedijithali (okungenzeka ukuthi ingahloliwe).

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunjalo MasterCard, inhlangano engalwi namabhange, ngokuphambene nalokho, iqala ukwamukela izinkokhelo nge-cryptocurrency. JP Morgan inikeza izikweletu ze-cryptocurrency ku-Ethereum, futhi i-China isebenza "nge-cryptocurrency" esekelwe ebhange eliphakathi. Ngakho-ke, kubonakala sengathi izwe lamabhange kanye ne-cryptocurrencies liyizingxabano ezingenakulungiswa kuyihaba elikhulu. Kodwa-ke, ukuvela okungenzeka kolunye uhlobo lwemali yedijithali endaweni evamile kudelela kakhulu indima yamabhange futhi kubeka usongo olukhulu (1).

Irejista Yemalimboleko Yomphakathi

Uma omunye wemisebenzi eyinhloko yamabhange Ukulamula kwezezimali, yizinguquko kumamodeli alokhu kulamula okungenzeka kubangele izinguquko ekusebenzeni kwamabhange ngokwawo, okuzodingeka avumelane namakhasimende, asevele azi ukunikezwa kwegagasi elisha lezinsizakalo ezinikezwayo. ukuqaliswa kwe-fintech, bazolindela zonke izinto ezintsha abazibona emakethe ezikhungweni ezihlonishwayo.

Imodeli "ye-akhawunti yasebhange" kanye "ne-akhawunti yokulondoloza" ibonakala ingasekho unomphela. Uma abantu abaningi besasebenzisa le mikhiqizo, izinsuku zamafomu anjalo asebhange seziphelile. Bayanda, ikakhulukazi amaklayenti amancane, afuna ukugcina ibhalansi encane yezidingo zawo zokukhokha zamanje. ama-wallet kagesi. Nezinye izindlela, uma enazo, esikhundleni salokho yonga kumadiphozithiokuyinto okwamanje engasenandaba nePoland, ifuna ukuqoqa izinsimbi ezisebenza kakhulu. Akunjalo ngokushesha esitokisini, kodwa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zezimali ezihlanganyelwe. Yiqiniso, amabhange anganikeza nemikhiqizo enjalo, kodwa lokhu kungenye yezipesheli eziningi emakethe.

Amabhange angaphelelwa amandla ngokupheleleuma kukhulunywa ngezinhlobo ezintsha kakhulu zokutshala imali. Isibonelo, uma kuziwa ekusebenziseni izinkundla zokuboleka eziqhutshwa yidatha ezingacacile nezidumile zokuthola amaphuzu esikweletu okuzenzakalelayo. Kule modeli, esikhundleni sokuthi ibhange lisebenze njengombolekisi, sinenkundla "yomphakathi" exhumanisa ababolekisi abaningi kubaboleki abaningi njengabathengi noma amabhizinisi amancane.

Ngokusobala, izinsizakalo ezinjalo zibukela phansi indima nokubaluleka kwamabhange nhlangothi zombili. Njengombono wabatshalizimali, njengoba kungenye indlela yokufaka imali kanye nezimali, indlela yokutshala imali kulabo abanazo. Kodwa futhi kubaboleki.

Amabhange nabanye ababolekisi bendabuko bavame ukungafaki izinhlobo ezithile zababoleki, okuhlanganisa "nabaphephile" abanethuba elingokoqobo lokubuyisela, uma kubhekwa indlela yokuphatha evamise ukuqinile.

Kungashiwo ukuthi "akuphephile njengebhange", kodwa kubabolekisi abaningi abangenabungozi abathemba ukubuyisela okungcono ekutshalweni kwezimali, kungase kube into engcono kakhulu, ngokwesibonelo, ukushintshaniswa, okuthi, nakuba kuphumelele kakhulu , ngokusho kwabaningi, ingaphezulu "kwekhasino" kunenkundla yokutshala imali. Kumapulatifomu okubolekisa nge-P2P, idatha enkulu ivumela abatshalizimali ukuthi banikeze imininingwane enemininingwane futhi, okubalulekile, ukuhlolwa kwendawo yababoleki. Kuye ngeplatifomu, umbolekisi bangase bakwazi ukufinyelela amasethi amakhulu, ayinkimbinkimbi edatha yomboleki, kodwa futhi bathembele ekunikeni kwenkundla ngokwayo lapho behlola ababoleki, benza izinqumo zokuthenga kuwo wonke amakilasi ezimpahla.

Kuyafaneleka ukunezela ukuthi esikhundleni sokuthembela ezisindweni ezijwayelekile, eziyingozi emhlabeni wonke, inkundla ingasebenzisa imibandela enemininingwane futhi ivumelane namaqiniso ezimakethe zendawo, futhi icabangele amaphrofayli esikweletu omlando enziwe umuntu siqu kakhulu, kakhulu ukweseka abatshalizimali ekuhloleni ababolekayo. izikhungo zezimali zendabuko.

2. Ukuboleka kontanga kuya kontanga

Amapulatifomu okubolekisa nge-P2P adume umhlaba wonke (2), njengoba lezi zinsizakalo zibizwa kanjalo, ahlanganisa i-Peerform, Lending-Club, Prosper, Funding Circle, Mintos. Akuwona wonke lawa mapulatifomu asebenzisa ukufundwa komshini nokuhlaziya idatha enkulu, okufanele kukhunjulwe uma kubalulekile ukuthi othile asebenzise le nqubo ethile.

Amabhange e-Fintech awadingi ukuncintisana okwamanje

Izinkundla zokuboleka ze-P2P basohlangothini olubanzi lwezinhlelo ezintsha ze-fintech ezaqala ngemuva kwenhlekelele yezimali yango-2008 futhi zagqugquzelwa kakhulu ukudumazeka ngokuziphatha kwesikhungo samabhange. Ebhekene nokuhlolwa okunzima, amabhange anciphise kakhulu imisebenzi yawo eminingi ukuze anciphise ubungozi, ashiye igebe elikhulu emakethe. Izinkampani eziphuma embonini ye-fintech zingenelele, zaletha imibono emisha embonini ebikade ingenakho ukuqamba okusha.

Ngisho nangaphambilini, izinkampani ezincane, ezithembekile zingasebenzisa ithuba lokungakwazi komkhakha wezezimali ukuphendula ngokushesha, njengoba kwaboniswa ngeminyaka yawo-XNUMXs. PayPal, isevisi enikeza izinkokhelo ezilula ze-inthanethi, ngaleso sikhathi ezazinganikezwa amabhange nezinsizakalo zokukhokha njenge-Visa noma i-MasterCard.

Sekuyiminyaka eminingana imibono emisha igxile kuzixazululo zeselula kusetshenziswa ama-smartphones (3). Esinye seziqalo zokuqala zaleli gagasi elisha yi-American Dwolla, eyethula uhlelo lokukhokha nge-inthanethi oluklanyelwe ukudlula abaqhubi bamakhadi esikweletu.

Imali idluliswa isuka ku-akhawunti yakho yasebhange iye I-akhawunti ye-Dwall. Ungakwazi ukuthumela imali ngokushesha kunoma yimuphi omunye umsebenzisi we-Dwolla ngokufaka inombolo yakhe yocingo, ikheli le-imeyili, noma igama le-Twitter ohlelweni lokusebenza lwefoni. Ngokombono womsebenzisi, ukukhanga okukhulu kwesevisi yizindleko eziphansi kakhulu zokudlulisa, uma kuqhathaniswa namabhange kanye, isibonelo, i-PayPal. Thenga, inkampani ethengisa isofthiwe yokuthenga ku-inthanethi, inikeza i-Dwolla njengendlela yokukhokha.

I-Revolut ibe yinkanyezi yalo mkhakha okhula ngokushesha eminyakeni yamuva. iphakethe lama-akhawunti ebhange lwemali yangaphandlekuhlanganiswe ne-virtual noma ngokomzimba ikhadi lesikweletu. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akulona ibhange, kodwa uhlobo lwenkonzo ye-fintech (isifinyezo "sobuchwepheshe bezezimali"). Akakhaviwe ohlelweni lwesiqinisekiso sediphozithi, ngakho ngeke kube ukuhlakanipha ukumethemba ngemali yakho oyilondolozile. Nokho, ngemva kokufaka inani elithile ku-Revolta, sithola amathuba amaningi amathuluzi ezezimali endabuko angasinikezi wona. Inqubo yokubhalisa elula ayiqinisekisi ubuwena. Ngokwethiyori, umsebenzisi angafaka idatha engelona iqiniso futhi aqalise isikhwama semali kagesi. Nokho, kuleli zinga sithola umkhiqizo olinganiselwe kakhulu. Ngokuhambisana nemithetho ye-EU yemali ye-elekthronikhi kanye nokuvinjelwa kokukhwabanisa imali, i-akhawunti ngaphandle kokuqinisekiswa okugcwele ikuvumela ukuthi uyigcwalise ngenani eliphakeme le-PLN 1000 ngonyaka.

Kunezinkampani eziningi ze-fintech nezicelo zokukhokha laphaya. Ake sikhulume ngezibonelo ezifana ne-Stripe, i-WePay, i-Braintree, i-Skrill, i-Venmo, i-Payoneer, i-Payza, i-Zelle. Futhi lokhu kuyisiqalo nje. Singakhuluma ngale mibono isikhathi eside. Lona ngumkhakha osanda kuqala umsebenzi wawo.

Amabhange amakhulu nahlonishwayo ayakopisha izixazululo ze-fintech. Ngasikhathi sinye, zithuthuka kancane kancane futhi zilinganiselwa ukuthi zisalele emuva ngeminyaka emihlanu ngokwesilinganiso uma kukhulunywa ngezinto ezintsha ezihambayo nezifanayo. Kodwa-ke, amabhange ayazi ukuthi akudingeki ukuthi aqhudelane nabasanda kufika kwe-fintech.

Inzuzo yesikali kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwenethiwekhi yokusabalalisa ibanika amandla okugcina isisekelo samakhasimende esibalulekile ngomkhiqizo owanele futhi othuthukayo kakhudlwana. Ukubusa kwezikhungo ezinkulu kuvimbela ama-fintech ukuthi ancintisane ngempela namabhange. Uma ibhange lifuna ngempela ukuba umholi oqanjiwe kulo mkhakha, lingabusa indawo ye-fintech kalula nangokushesha, njengoba linezindleko eziphansi zokuqongelela izimali futhi lingakwazi ukusebenzisa imali eningi ekutholweni nasekugcinweni kwamakhasimende.

Ngakho-ke, akuzona zonke izinhlobo zezicelo ezinamagama okuqala ezibeka usongo emabhange. Inkinga enkulu kakhulu engaba khona ukuthambekela okujwayelekile futhi isiqondiso sezobuchwepheshe esibizwa ngokuthi i-automation. Kunjalo, ngokususa zonke izakhi ezimaphakathi ekuphathweni kwezimali, okuwuphawu ngisho nakuwo ukubhanga nge-elekthronikhi. Uma amabhange eqala ukulahlekelwa ubudlelwano bamakhasimende ngenxa yokuzenzakalela, azoba ngamathuluzi, abahlinzeki bamapayipi namapayipi asetshenziselwa ukugcina nokuthutha imali ukusuka kwenye indawo kuya kwenye. Umphumela uyisevisi ehlakaniphile engabonakali eqondayo futhi eyenzela iklayenti yonke into.

Futhi ngakho konke lokhu, indima yebhange njengophawu oluqinisekisa ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle ingase ishabalale. Nokho, basengakwazi yini ukuzithola bekulo mhlaba wezinsizakalo zezezimali ezizenzakalelayo, hhayi njengabalamuli abangcono kakhulu nabaphathi bezikhwama, kodwa njengabaqinisekisi bokwethembeka? Kwazi bani? Nokho, lena indima ehluke kancane kunangaphambili.

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