I-heater injini yemoto ezimele: isilinganiso samamodeli angcono kakhulu
Okuqukethwe
I-pre-heater iyithuluzi elisizayo elikuvumela ukuthi uqale imoto ngokushesha ezimweni zokushisa komoya ophansi. Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zamayunithi anjalo emakethe ezesekeli zezimoto, ezingadala ubunzima ekukhetheni imodeli esebenza kahle kakhulu yezinjini zikaphethiloli nezidizili.
I-pre-heater iyithuluzi elisizayo elikuvumela ukuthi uqale imoto ngokushesha ezimweni zokushisa komoya ophansi. Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zamayunithi anjalo emakethe ezesekeli zezimoto, ezingadala ubunzima ekukhetheni imodeli esebenza kahle kakhulu yezinjini zikaphethiloli nezidizili. I-athikili iqukethe imininingwane enemininingwane ngezinhlobo zama-preheaters, amathiphu awusizo ekukhetheni iyunithi esebenza kahle kanye nesilinganiso sezinguquko ezithengiswa kakhulu zama-heater injini yemoto ngo-2022.
Kungani sidinga
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wamadivayisi anjalo ukusiza umshayeli lapho eqala imoto ngenjini efriziwe. Ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa le-antifreeze kunomthelela ekwandeni nasekusabalaliseni kabusha kwayo ohlelweni lokupholisa, okuholela ekuthatheni esikhundleni soketshezi olufudumele nokugcina izinga elilungile lokujikeleza kumjikelezo wokupholisa injini.
Idizayini yakudala yeyunithi yezimoto inikeza izingxenye ezilandelayo eziyisisekelo ekubunjweni:
- isici sokushisa esiyinhloko esinamandla angama-500 kuya ku-5 ayizinkulungwane W, eklanyelwe ukwandisa izinga lokushisa le-antifreeze elijikelezayo ohlelweni lokupholisa;
- iyunithi yokushaja ibhethri;
- fan
- inkinobho ye-thermostat ne-thermal yokuvalwa kwesikhashana kweyunithi esimweni sokushisa ngokweqile noma ukuvalwa kokugcina uma kwenzeka konakazeka;
- iyunithi yokulawula ngesibali sikhathi.
Umsebenzi we-preheater wenjini
Ngokuzithandela, i-prestarter ingafaka iphampu yepompo ehlanganisiwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza ngokwandisa ukukhiqizwa kokushisa. Izinga lokushisa elipholile lilawulwa i-relay ekhethekile eyenzelwe ukuvala shaqa okuzenzakalelayo. Isici sokushisa i-antifreeze kumamodeli amaningi sitholakala ngezansi, ngaphandle kwamadivayisi afakwe iphampu.
Izinhlobonhlobo zama-aggregates
Izifudumezi eziqalayo zihlukaniswa kuye ngomthombo wamandla osetshenziselwa ukunika amandla idivayisi. Ochwepheshe bezimoto bahlukanisa izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zamayunithi asiza lapho uqalisa injini emakhazeni:
- ezizimele, ezixhunywe kugesi wemoto;
- kagesi, inikwa amandla yinethiwekhi yasendlini engu-220 V.
Kukhona uhlobo lwesithathu lwamadivayisi anjalo - amabhethri asebenza ngokugxilisa amandla ashisayo, kodwa ububanzi bawo bulinganiselwe kakhulu.
Amandla
Lolu hlobo lwe-heater injini yemoto lusebenza uma luxhunywe endaweni evamile engu-220-volt ekhaya noma egaraji. Lokhu kuyindlela engcono kakhulu enesabelomali esilinganiselwe, ukufakwa kweyunithi nakho kwenziwa ngokuzimela.
Ezizimele
Umsebenzi usekelwe ekutholeni amandla kunethiwekhi yezimoto ezisebhodini ngaphansi kwamandla kagesi angu-12 no-24 volts. Imishini yangaphambi kokwethulwa igxunyekwa endaweni yenjini, isebenza kuphethiloli wedizili, uphethiloli noma igesi eliwuketshezi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nemishini kagesi yokufudumala injini, amayunithi azimele abiza kakhulu ngentengo, amanye amamodeli afakwe isilawuli kude kanye ne-timer. Ukungalungi okuyinhloko kwamadivayisi anjalo isidingo sokuxhumana nesevisi ukuze kufakwe, okuholela ezindlekweni zezimali ezengeziwe.
I-preheater yesigaba
Ukukhethwa kwedivayisi kuye ngamandla kanye nohlobo lwemoto
Isici esinqumayo yindawo yokusebenza okuyinhloko kwemoto. Isibonelo, phakathi nohambo lokuhlangana, ukuguqulwa koketshezi oluzimele lwamandla anyusiwe kubonisa ukusebenza kahle okukhulu, okusiza ukuqalisa injini ngaphandle kokufinyelela ezitolo. Ama-heaters anjalo adumile enyakatho yezwe, kanye naphakathi kwabashayeli bamabhasi namaloli, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yikuphi ukuhamba.
Uma usebenza ngaphakathi kwemingcele yendawo enabantu abaningi, inketho engcono kakhulu kungaba ukuthenga enye yezinguquko ezingabizi zama-220-volt preheaters. Lokhu kukhetha kungenxa yamathuba abanzi okuxhuma kunethiwekhi kagesi yasendlini, kuyilapho iyunithi akudingeki ibe namandla aphezulu.
Indlela yokukhetha i-heater kagesi engu-220 V
Igajethi eyisizayo yokuqalisa injini kufanele ithengwe kucatshangelwa izidingo zomuntu siqu, izici zobuchwepheshe kanye nezindleko. Naphezu kokulula kokusebenza kwemishini kagesi edinga indawo yokuphuma evamile kuphela egaraji ukuze ixhumeke, ochwepheshe bezimoto batusa ukunikeza okukhethekile kumishini esebenza ngophethiloli. Uphethiloli nezinye izinhlobo zezinto ezivuthayo, lapho zishiswa, zikhulula amandla okukhula kwabantu, okungukuthi, inani elincane loketshezi likuvumela ukuthi uthole ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu.
Iyunithi yenjini kaphethiloli
Izingxenye zalolu hlobo lwama-motor zingaphansi kwengcindezi eyengeziwe, okubangelwa isidingo sokupompa uwoyela okokuqala ku-sump. Isibonelo, injini eyodwa iqala ku -15 C° ifana nebanga elingu-100 km ngokwezinga lomthelela ezingxenyeni. I-prestarter idala futhi igcine izinga lokushisa elikhululekile le-antifreeze, linciphisa ukungqubuzana phakathi kwezingxenye ngazinye, okukuvumela ukuthi uqale injini ngokushesha futhi ukwandise isikhathi phakathi kokwehluleka.
Injini yangaphambili yenjini kaphethiloli
Inketho yenjini ye-diesel
Kunconywa ukuthenga amayunithi asebenzisa uphethiloli, umphumela omuhle kakhulu utholakala uma uhlanganiswa namadivayisi kagesi avikela uphethiloli we-diesel ojikelezayo kulayini ekupholiseni. Ngokuvamile, uphethiloli we-diesel uqina kakhulu esihlungini esihle - idivayisi efana ne-bandage enezinsimbi ezikhuphukayo ifanelekile ukuxazulula le nkinga.
Ukusebenza kwamaloli namabhasi ezimweni ezinzima zezulu zezifunda ezisenyakatho yeRussian Federation kudinga ukufakwa kwamakhophi amaningana emishini yangaphambi kokwethulwa, noma kunjalo, umnikazi wemoto kufanele abale kahle amandla aphelele ukuze agweme ukukhishwa kwebhethri.
Amayunithi best ngokusho abashayeli
Izitolo eziku-inthanethi zaseRussia zezesekeli zezimoto zinikeza izinhlobonhlobo zama-heaters oketshezi ngokudiliva ekhaya, okuhlukile ngamandla, ukucushwa kanye nebanga lokushisa. Impendulo evela kubanikazi bezimoto ku-inthanethi ikhombisa ukwanda kokuthandwa kwezinguquko ezinhlanu ezilungele ukufudumeza injini yamamodeli amaningi wamaloli nezimoto. Amadivayisi asetshenziswa kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lwemoto - amayunithi ahambisana nemikhiqizo yezimoto zasekhaya nezangaphandle.
Inkampani yezindiza "Whirlwind-1000 AE-PP-1000"
Idivayisi esebenza ngogesi enendlu ye-aluminiyamu engashaqeki kanye nephampu yephampu empompa amalitha angu-8. njalo ngomzuzu, inomphumela wokushisa ongu-1 kW. Izinga lokushisa eliphakeme elifinyelelekayo lingu-85 C °, ukuvikelwa kokushisa okuhlanganisiwe kwamazinga amabili kuvikela ukwehluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi kwandisa impilo yesevisi. Iyunithi ifakwe intambo ende engu-0.9 m yokuxhuma kugesi wasendlini ongu-220 V, ububanzi bokufakwa kokufakwa ngu-16 mm.
Inkampani yezindiza "Whirlwind-1000 AE-PP-1000"
Inkampani yezindiza "Whirlwind-500 AE-PP-500"
Le modeli ifana neyangaphambili ngokwezici eziyisisekelo, kodwa idla isigamu samandla amaningi - 0.5 kW. Iphampu yehange emanzi iklanywe ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwezimpawu, okukuvumela ukuthi ukwandise impilo yokusebenza futhi ugcine ukujikeleza okuzinzile kwe-antifreeze ohlelweni lokupholisa. Womabili amagajethi olayini be-Airline brand yakhelwe ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni zabagibeli.
Inkampani yezindiza "Whirlwind-500 AE-PP-500"
"ORION 8026"
Idivayisi engampompi, enamandla aphezulu esebenza ngamawathi angu-3, ilungele ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni, emalolini nasemabhasini. Ukuxhuma iyunithi, isokhethi yasendlini evamile engu-220 V yanele.
"ORION 8026"
"Ama-Severs PBN 3.0 (M3) + KMP-0070"
I-heater ene-cast aluminium yendlu isebenza ku-voltage ye-220 V, amandla okusebenza angama-3 ayizinkulungwane ezingu-W, kanti isisindo si-1220 g. "I-Severs M3" ifakwe intambo engu-150 cm ubude, okuvumela ukuthi uxhume kalula idivayisi kumasokhethi ezindaweni ezikude nemoto. Isici sefomu esivundlile siqeda amathuba okukhukhula kwe-antifreeze ecaleni kanye nokuxhumana nezingxenye zikagesi, okwandisa ukuthembeka nokuphepha ekusetshenzisweni.
I-timer ngesisekelo somshini ikuvumela ukuthi uhlele ukusebenza okuzenzakalelayo kwe-heater ngokunemba kwemizuzu eyi-15. isikhathi esingafika emahoreni angama-24, izinga lokushisa lokuvula nokuvala iyunithi lingu-90-140 C °. I-valve yebhola esakhiweni ithuthukisa ukushuba kokufudumala kwenjini, futhi ipulaki yokudonsa amanzi ikuvumela ukuthi ususe ngokushesha isinqanda-qhwa esisetshenzisiwe ngokuqondile emzimbeni wedivayisi.
"Ama-Severs PBN 3.0 (M3) + KMP-0070"
"Vympel 8025"
Iyunithi, eyenziwe ngesitayela esincane, idla izinkulungwane ezingu-1,5 W ku-voltage engu-220 V, okuvumela ukuthi ushise ngempumelelo kokubili izimoto namaloli emazingeni okushisa afika ku -45 C °. Ukuze uxhume kugesi wasendlini sebenzisa ikhebula elingu-1 m, i-heater iyeka ukusebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo ku -65 C °.
I-heater injini yemoto inesisindo esingu-650 gr. futhi ingeyesigaba sokumelana namanzi se-IP34, esinikeza ukuvikeleka okuthembekile komzimba ekuchaphazeni uketshezi futhi kuvikele emonakalweni wangaphandle. I-heater ye-antifreeze ye-Vympel 8025 ingasetshenziswa ukuqalisa injini ye-Ford, i-KAMAZ, i-Toyota, i-KIA, i-Volga nezinye izinhlobo zezimoto.
"Vympel 8025"
Indlela yokukhetha i-heater yemoto
Ukuthenga isifudumezi samanzi sekhwalithi akuwona umsebenzi olula odinga indlela enomthwalo wemfanelo, ukuhlolwa kwezici zobuchwepheshe kanye nokucatshangelwa kwezinto eziningi ezihlobene. Ukulandela izincomo zokukhethwa kwamayunithi kagesi nezizimele kuzokuvumela ukuthi ufudumale ngokuphumelelayo injini futhi ukwandise kakhulu impilo yayo yesevisi.
