Imoto ijika isondo

Isondo liyinto ebaluleke kakhulu futhi evame ukubukelwa phansi yemoto. Irimu nethayi lapho imoto ithinta khona umgwaqo, ngakho lezi zingxenye zithinta ngqo ukusebenza kwemoto nokuphepha kwethu. Kuyafaneleka ukujwayelana nesakhiwo sesondo nemingcele yalo ukuze ulisebenzise ngokuqaphela futhi ungenzi amaphutha ngesikhathi sokusebenza.

Ngokuvamile, isondo lemoto lilula kakhulu - liqukethe i-high-strength rim (rim), ngokuvamile exhunywe ngokuphelele kudiski, futhi. Amasondo avame ukuxhunywa emotweni esebenzisa ama-bearing hubs. Ngenxa yabo, bayakwazi ukuzungeza kuma-axle angaguquki okumiswa kwemoto.

Umsebenzi werimu wamasondo eyenziwe ngensimbi noma i-aluminium alloy (imvamisa ngokufakwa kwe-magnesium) iphinde idlulise amandla kusuka kuhabhu lamasondo kuya ethayini. Isondo ngokwalo linesibopho sokugcina ingcindezi efanele esondweni, ubuhlalu obuqinisiwe obuhambisana ngokuqinile nesondo lesondo.

Isondo lesimanje le-pneumatic iqukethe izingqimba eziningi zenhlanganisela yenjoloba ehlukene. Ngaphakathi kukhona isisekelo - isakhiwo esikhethekile esenziwe ngezintambo zensimbi ze-rubberized (izintambo), eziqinisa amathayi futhi zinikeze ukuqina okuphelele. Emathayini eradial esimanje, intambo ibekwe ngokukhazimulayo ku-engeli engu-90-degree, enikeza ukuqina kokunyathela, ukuguquguquka okukhulu kwezindonga zesondo, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okuphansi, ukubamba okungcono kanye nokuziphatha okuhle kwamakhona.

Isondo Lomlando

Isondo lokuqala likaDunlop elidonsa umoya.

Kuzo zonke izinto eziqanjiwe ezazisetshenziswa emotweni, isondo linemethrikhi yakudala kakhulu - laqanjwa maphakathi nenkulungwane yesi-XNUMX BC eMesopotamiya. Kodwa-ke, kusheshe kwaqashelwa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kweziphedi zesikhumba emaphethelweni ayo kunciphisa ukumelana nokugoqeka futhi kunciphisa ubungozi bokulimala okungenzeka. Lakhiwa kanje isondo lokuqala, elidala kakhulu.

Intuthuko ekwakhiweni kwamasondo yafika kuphela ngo-1839, lapho esungula inqubo yokushiswa kwenjoloba, ngamanye amazwi, wasungula injoloba. Ekuqaleni, amathayi enziwe ngenjoloba ngokuphelele, eyaziwa ngokuthi izinto eziqinile. Kodwa-ke, zazinzima kakhulu, zingakhululekile ukuzisebenzisa futhi zivutha ngokuzenzakalelayo. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, ngo-1845, uRobert William Thomson waklama isondo lokuqala elidonsa umoya. Nokho, ukwakhiwa kwakhe bekungathuthukisiwe futhi uThomson ubengazi ukuthi angakhangisa kanjani ngendlela efanele, ngakho akuzange kubambezeleke emakethe.

Amasondo akhuluma ngocingo

Isondo lokuqala lasebusika Kelirangas

Emashumini amane eminyaka kamuva, ngo-1888, u-Scotsman uJohn Dunlop waba nombono ofanayo (ngephutha ngandlela-thile ngenkathi ezama ukuthuthukisa ibhayisikili lendodana yakhe eneminyaka engu-10 ubudala), kodwa wayenamakhono amaningi okuthengisa kunoThompson futhi umklamo wakhe wathatha imakethe ngokuzumayo. Eminyakeni emithathu kamuva, uDunlop wabhekana nokuncintisana okukhulu okuvela enkampanini yaseFrance yabazalwane u-Andre no-Edouard Michelin, owathuthukisa kakhulu umklamo wesondo ne-tube. Isixazululo sika-Dunlop sasinamathisele isondo unomphelo kurimu, okwenza kube nzima ukufinyelela ishubhu elingaphakathi.

UMichelin uxhume udini ethayini esebenzisa isikulufu esincane nezinsimbi. Umklamo wawuqinile futhi amathayi alimele ashintshwa ngokushesha okukhulu, njengoba kufakazelwa ukunqoba okuningi kwezimoto ezifakwe Amathayi e-Michelin emibuthanweni. Amathayi okuqala ayefana nama-slicks anamuhla, ayengenazo izitebhisi. Yaqala ukusetshenziswa ngo-1904 ngonjiniyela benkampani yaseJalimane i-Continental, ngakho kwaba impumelelo enkulu.

I-Michelin X - isondo lokuqala le-radial

Ukuthuthukiswa okunamandla kwemboni yamasondo kwenze ubisi lwenjoloba oludingekayo ohlelweni lwe-vulcanization lubize njengegolide. Cishe ngokushesha, kwaqala ukufuna indlela yokukhiqiza injoloba yokwenziwa. Lokhu kwenziwa okokuqala ngo-1909 ngunjiniyela we-Bayer uFriedrich Hofmann. Nokho, eminyakeni eyishumi kuphela kamuva, uWalter Bock no-Eduard Chunkur balungisa “iresiphi” eyinkimbinkimbi kaHofmann (engeza, phakathi kwezinye izinto, i-butadiene ne-sodium), ngenxa yokuthi i-Bona synthetic gum yanqoba imakethe yaseYurophu. Kwamanye amazwe, uguquko olufanayo lwenzeka kamuva, ngo-1940 kuphela, usosayensi u-Waldo Semon wenkampani ye-BFGoodrich wagunyaza ingxube ebizwa ngokuthi i-Ameripol.

Izimoto zokuqala zazihamba ngamasondo anezipoki namarimu okhuni. Ngama-30s kanye nama-40s, izikhulumi zokhuni zathathelwa indawo yizikhulumi zocingo, futhi emashumini eminyaka alandelayo, ama-spokes aqala ukunikeza amasondo e-disc. Njengoba amathayi ayesetshenziswa ezimweni ezihlukahlukene zezulu nasezimweni zomgwaqo, izinguqulo ezikhethekile ezifana nesondo lasebusika zavela ngokushesha. Kwabizwa isondo lokuqala lasebusika Kellirengas ("I-Weather Tire") yasungulwa ngo-1934 yi-Finnish Suomen Gummitehdas Osakeyhtiö, inkampani kamuva eyaba nguNokian.

Ngokushesha ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II, uMichelin noBFGoodrich bethula ezinye izindlela ezimbili ezintsha ezashintsha ngokuphelele imboni yamasondo: ngo-1946, amaFulentshi athuthukisa owokuqala emhlabeni. Isondo le-Michelin X radialkwathi ngo-1947, i-BFGoodrich yethula amathayi angenashubhu. Zombili izixazululo zazinezinzuzo eziningi kangangokuthi zasheshe zasetshenziswa kabanzi futhi zabusa imakethe kuze kube namuhla.

Umnyombo, okungukuthi, umphetho

Ingxenye yesondo okufakwe kulo isondo ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi i-rim. Empeleni, iqukethe okungenani izingxenye ezimbili ezinezinjongo ezihlukene: unqenqema (rim), lapho isondo lihlala khona ngokuqondile, nomphetho, ovikela isondo emotweni. Kodwa-ke, kulezi zinsuku lezi zingxenye azihlukaniseki - zishiselwe, ziboshwe noma zivame ukuphonswa ucezu olulodwa lwe-aluminium alloy, futhi amadiski asebenzayo enziwe nge-magnesium ekhanyayo neqinile noma i-carbon fiber. Umkhuba wakamuva ngamasondo epulasitiki.

Amasondo e-alloy angaphonswa noma akhiwe. Lezi zokugcina zihlala isikhathi eside futhi zimelana nokucindezeleka ngakho-ke ziphelele, isibonelo, imibuthano. Kodwa-ke, zibiza kakhulu kune-"alloses" evamile.

Uma nje sikwazi ukukukhokhela, Kungcono ukusebenzisa amasethi amabili amathayi namasondo - ihlobo nobusika. Ukushintsha njalo kwamasondo esizini kungawalimaza kalula. Uma nganoma yisiphi isizathu sidinga ukushintsha ama-disks, indlela elula ukusebenzisa ama-disks efektri, uma kwenzeka kushintshwa kudingekile ukulungisa i-pitch ye-screws - umehluko omncane kuphela uma kuqhathaniswa nowokuqala ovunyelwe, ongalungiswa. usebenzisa lokho okubizwa ngokuthi izikulufu ezintantayo.

Kubalulekile futhi ukufaka i-rim, noma i-offset (ET marking), enquma ukuthi isondo lizofihla kangakanani ku-arch yamasondo noma lidlulele ngale kohlaka lwalo. Ububanzi berimu kufanele buhambisane nosayizi wesondo i.

Isondo elingenazimfihlo

Isici esiyinhloko nesihluke kakhulu sesondo yisondo, elibhekene nokuxhumana kwemoto nomgwaqo, ukuyivumela. ukudluliswa kwamandla okushayela phansi i ukubhuleka ngempumelelo.

Isondo lesimanje liyisakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi se-multilayer.

Uma uthi nhlá, lolu ucezu olujwayelekile lwerabha enephrofayili enonyathela. Kodwa uma sinqamula ngaphesheya, sibona isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi, esinezingqimba eziningi. I-skeleton yayo iyifreyimu ehlanganisa intambo yendwangu, umsebenzi wawo ukugcina ukuma kwesondo ngaphansi kwethonya lokucindezela kwangaphakathi nokudlulisa umthwalo ngesikhathi sokuphenduka, ukubhuleka nokusheshisa.

Ngaphakathi kwesondo, isidumbu simbozwe nge-filler kanye ne-butyl coating, esebenza njenge-sealant. Uhlaka luhlukaniswa nokunyathela ngebhande eliqinile lensimbi, futhi uma kwenzeka amathayi anezinkomba zejubane eliphezulu, kukhona nebhande le-polyamide ngokushesha ngaphansi kokunyathela. Isisekelo sizungeze lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ucingo lobuhlalu, ngenxa yokuthi isondo lingaqina futhi lihlaliswe ngokuqinile emgqeni.

Amapharamitha wethaya nezici, njengokuziphatha kwamakhona, ukubamba ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene, umgwaqo dino, inhlanganisela nokunyathela okusetshenzisiwe kunomthelela omkhulu kakhulu. Ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lokunyathela, amathayi angahlukaniswa abe yizikhombisi-ndlela, i-block, ingxube, i-traction, i-ribbed ne-asymmetrical, kanti lokhu kokugcina kusakazeke kakhulu namuhla ngenxa yomklamo wesimanje kanye nendawo yonke.

Izinhlangothi zangaphandle nezangaphakathi zesondo le-asymmetrical zinezimo ezihluke ngokuphelele - ezokuqala zakha ama-cubes amakhulu anesibopho sokuqina lapho ushayela, futhi amabhulokhi amancane atholakala ngaphakathi achitha amanzi.

Ngaphandle kwamabhuloki, enye ingxenye ebalulekile yokunyathela yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi ama-sipes, i.e. Ukucaciswa okuwumngcingo kudala izikhala phakathi kwamabhulokhi okunyathela ukuze kunikeze amabhuleki asebenza kangcono futhi kuvimbele ukushelela ezindaweni ezimanzi nezineqhwa. Yingakho uhlelo lwe-sipe emathangeni asebusika lubanzi kakhulu. Ukwengeza, amathayi asebusika enziwe ngenhlanganisela ethambile, eguquguqukayo futhi inikeza ukusebenza okungcono ezindaweni ezimanzi noma ezineqhwa. Uma amazinga okushisa ehla ngaphansi kwe-7 degrees Celsius, amathayi ehlobo aqina futhi ukusebenza kwamabhuleki kuyehla.

Lapho uthenga isondo elisha nakanjani uzohlangana nelebula ye-EU yokuwonga amandla, obekuyimpoqo kusukela ngo-2014. Ichaza amapharamitha amathathu kuphela: ukugoqa ukumelana (okuhunyushwa ekusetshenzisweni kukaphethiloli), ukuziphatha "kwerabha" endaweni emanzi kanye nevolumu yayo ngama-decibel. Amapharamitha amabili okuqala aqokwe ngezinhlamvu ezisuka ku-“A” (okungcono kakhulu) kuye ku-“G” (okubi kakhulu).

Amalebula e-EC awumhlahlandlela owusizo wokuqhathanisa amathayi anosayizi ofanayo, kodwa siyazi ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwakho ukuthi akufanele ubeke ukholo olukhulu kuwo. Kungcono nakanjani ukuncika ekuhlolweni okuzimele kanye nemibono etholakala emaphephandabeni ezimoto noma ezingosini ze-inthanethi.

Okubaluleke kakhulu ngokombono womsebenzisi yizimpawu ezisethayini ngokwalo. futhi sibona, isibonelo, ukulandelana okulandelayo kwezinombolo nezinhlamvu: 235/40 R 18 94 V XL. Inombolo yokuqala ububanzi besondo ngamamilimitha. "4" iphrofayili yesondo, i.e. isilinganiso sobude nobubanzi (kulokhu singama-40% ka-235 mm). "R" kusho ukuthi isondo le-radial. Inombolo yesithathu, "18" ububanzi besihlalo ngamasentimitha futhi kufanele ihambisane nobubanzi berimu. Inombolo "94" yinkomba yomthamo wesondo, kulokhu 615 kg isondo ngalinye. "V" inkomba yesivinini, i.e. isivinini esiphezulu lapho imoto ingahamba khona phezu kwesondo elinikeziwe ngomthwalo ogcwele (esibonelweni sethu 240 km/h; eminye imikhawulo, isibonelo, Q - 160 km/h, T - 190 km/h, H - 210 km/h). I-"XL" iyigama lesondo eliqinisiwe.

Phansi, phansi naphansi

Uma siqhathanisa izimoto ezenziwe emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule nezanamuhla, cishe sizobona ukuthi izimoto ezintsha zinamasondo amakhulu kunezandulelayo. Ububanzi berimu nobubanzi besondo bunyukile, nephrofayili yesondo yehlile. Amasondo anjalo ngokuqinisekile abukeka ekhangayo, kodwa ukuthandwa kwawo akukona nje ngenxa yokuklama. Iqiniso wukuthi izimoto zesimanje ziya zisinda futhi ziyashesha, nezidingo zamabhuleki ziyanda.

Iphrofayili ephansi iphumela kububanzi besondo elibanzi.

Ukulimala kwesondo ngesivinini somgwaqo omkhulu kuzoba yingozi kakhulu uma isondo lebhaluni liqhuma - kulula kakhulu ukulahlekelwa ukulawula imoto enjalo. Imoto enamathayi aphansi cishe izokwazi ukuhlala emzileni futhi ibhuleke ngokuphepha.

Uhlangothi oluphansi, oluqiniswe ngodebe olukhethekile, luphinde lusho ukuqina okukhulu, okubaluleke kakhulu uma kwenzeka ukushayela okuguquguqukayo emigwaqweni emazombezombe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imoto izinzile uma ihamba ngesivinini esiphezulu futhi ibhuleki kangcono ngamasondo aphansi nabanzi. Kodwa-ke, empilweni yansuku zonke, iphrofayili ephansi isho ukunethezeka okuncane, ikakhulukazi emigwaqweni yedolobha enezikhisi. Inhlekelele enkulu yamasondo anjalo imigodi namanqe.

Gada ukunyathela nokucindezela

Ngokombono, umthetho wasePoland uvumela ukushayela amathayi ngokunyathela okusele okungu-1,6 mm. Kodwa ukusebenzisa “itshungama” enjalo kuwubunzima. Ibanga lokubhuleka endaweni emanzi liba lide ngokuphindwe kathathu, futhi lokhu kungadla impilo yakho. Umkhawulo wokuphepha ophansi ngu-3 mm wamasondo ehlobo no-4 mm amathayi asebusika.

Izinqubo zokuguga zokuthuthuka kwenjoloba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okuholela ekwandeni kokuqina kwayo, okubuye kuthinte ukuwohloka kokunamathela - ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezimanzi. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokufaka noma ukuthenga isondo elisetshenzisiwe, kufanele uhlole ikhodi enamadijithi amane eceleni kwethayi: amadijithi amabili okuqala abonisa isonto, futhi amadijithi amabili okugcina abonisa unyaka wokukhiqiza. Uma isondo lineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10 ubudala, akufanele sisalisebenzisa.

Kuyafaneleka futhi ukuhlola isimo samasondo ngomonakalo, njengoba amanye azokhipha amathayi emsebenzini nakuba i-tread isesimweni esihle. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuqhekeka kwenjoloba, ukulimala ohlangothini (ama-punctures), ukuvuvukala ohlangothini nangaphambili, nokulimala okukhulu kobuhlalu (okuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokulimala onqenqemeni lomphetho).

Yini eyenza impilo yamasondo ibe mfushane? Ukushayela ngomfutho womoya omncane kakhulu kusheshisa ukuguga, ukudlala ukumiswa kanye ne-geometry engalungile kubangela ama-nick, futhi amathayi (namarimu) avame ukonakala lapho ukhuphuka unqenqema ngokushesha kakhulu. Kufanelekile ukuhlola ingcindezi ngokuhlelekile, ngoba isondo elingaphansi kwamanzi aligcini nje ngokuguga ngokushesha, kodwa futhi linomgwaqo omubi kakhulu, ukumelana ne-aquaplaning futhi kwandisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli.

I-Opona Driveguard - I-Bridgestona treadmill

Kusukela ngo-2014, i-TPMS, i-Tire Pressure Monitoring System, isiphenduke imishini eyimpoqo yazo zonke izimoto ezintsha - uhlelo olumsebenzi walo ukuqapha njalo ukucindezela kwesondo. Iza ngezinhlobo ezimbili.

Isistimu emaphakathi isebenzisa i-ABS ukulawula umfutho wesondo, obala isivinini sesondo (isondo elinomoya ophansi lijikeleza ngokushesha) nokudlidliza, imvamisa yakho encike ebukhuni besondo. Ayiyona inkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ishibhile ukuyithenga nokuyinakekela, kodwa ayibonisi izilinganiso ezinembile, ikwazisa kuphela lapho umoya osesondo usuphelile isikhathi eside.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amasistimu aqondile ngokunembile nangokuqhubekayo akala ingcindezi (futhi ngezinye izikhathi izinga lokushisa) esondweni ngalinye futhi adlulisele isilinganiso ngomsakazo kukhompuyutha esebhodini. Kodwa-ke, ayabiza, akhulisa izindleko zokushintsha amathayi ngezikhathi ezithile futhi, okubi nakakhulu, alimala kalula phakathi nokusetshenziswa okunjalo.

Amathayi azohlinzeka ngokuphepha ngisho noma kwenzeka umonakalo omkhulu aseneminyaka eminingi esebenza, isibonelo u-Kleber wazama amathayi agcwele ijeli evala imbobo ngemva kokubhoboza, kodwa amathayi athola ukuthandwa kabanzi emakethe. Ezijwayelekile zine-sidewall eqinisiwe, okuthi, naphezu kokwehla kwengcindezi, ingakwazi ukumelana nesisindo semoto isikhathi esithile. Eqinisweni, zandisa ukuphepha, kodwa, ngeshwa, azikho ngaphandle kwezinkinga: ziyabiza, zinomsindo, zinciphisa ukunethezeka kokushayela (izindonga eziqinisiwe zidlulisela ukudlidliza okwengeziwe emzimbeni wemoto), kunzima kakhulu ukuzigcina (imishini ekhethekile iyadingeka), futhi basheshisa ukuguga kwesistimu yokumiswa.

ochwepheshe

Izinga kanye nemingcele amasondo kanye amathayi kubaluleke kakhulu motorsport kanye motorsport. Kunesizathu sokuthi imoto ibhekwe njengento engekho emgwaqeni njengamathayi ayo, futhi abagijimi babiza amathayi ngokuthi "igolide elimnyama."

Isethi yamasondo e-Pirelli ye-F1 yesizini ka-2020

I-Mud Terrain Off-Road Tire

Emotweni yomjaho noma i-rally, kubalulekile ukuhlanganisa amazinga aphezulu okubambelela emigwaqweni emanzi neyomile enezici zokuphatha ezilinganiselwe. Isondo akufanele lilahlekelwe izakhiwo zalo ngemuva kokuthi ingxube ishisa ngokweqile, kufanele igcine ibambe lapho igxuma, futhi iphendule ngokushesha futhi ngokunembile kakhulu esondweni lokuqondisa. Ngemincintiswano ehlonishwayo efana ne-WRC noma i-F1, kulungiselelwa amamodeli amasondo akhethekile - ngokuvamile amasethi amaningana aklanyelwe izimo ezihlukene. Amamodeli wokusebenza adume kakhulu: (akukho ukunyathela), amatshe nemvula.

Isikhathi esiningi sihlangana nezinhlobo ezimbili zamasondo: AT (All Terrain) kanye neMT (Mud Terrain). Uma sivame ukuhamba nge-asphalt, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo singakugwemi okugeza odaka nesihlabathi esiwela, masisebenzise amathayi e-AT aguquguqukayo. Uma ukumelana okuphezulu ekulimaleni kanye nokudonsa okungcono kakhulu kuyizinto eziza kuqala kuwe, kungcono ukuthenga amathayi ajwayelekile e-MT. Njengoba igama libonisa, ngeke bahluleke, ikakhulukazi emhlabathini onodaka.

Ihlakaniphile futhi iluhlaza

Amathayi esikhathi esizayo azobe enobungani bemvelo, ehlakaniphile futhi ehambisana nezidingo zomuntu ngamunye.

Isondo lokuqondisa imoto yesikhathi esizayo - Michelin Vision

Okungenani bekunemibono embalwa yamasondo “aluhlaza,” kodwa cishe akekho owake wacabanga imiqondo enesibindi njenge-Michelin kanye . I-Michelin's Vision iyisondo elibolayo elibolayo ngokuphelele kanye nerimu elilodwa. Yenziwe ngezinto ezigaywa kabusha, ayidingi ukupompa ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo sebhamuza sangaphakathi futhi yenziwa ngaphakathi.

Isondo le-Oxygene ye-Goodyear Green elimbozwe ngobulembu eceleni

UMichelin uze uphakamise ukuthi izimoto zesikhathi esizayo zizokwazi ukuphrinta ukunyathela kwazo emasondweni anjalo, kuye ngezidingo zomsebenzisi. Ngokulandelayo, i-Goodyear yakha amathayi e-Oxygene, aluhlaza hhayi nje ngegama, ngoba udonga lwawo oluvulekile lumbozwe ubulembu bangempela, obuphilayo, obukhiqiza umoya-mpilo namandla. Iphethini ekhethekile yokunyathela ayigcini nje ukwandisa ukudonsa, kodwa futhi ibamba amanzi avela endaweni yomgwaqo, ikhuthaza i-photosynthesis. Amandla akhiqizwe kule nqubo asetshenziselwa ukunika amandla izinzwa ezakhelwe ethayini, imojuli yobuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nemicu yokukhanya ebekwe eceleni kwesondo.

I-Goodyear reCharge tire design

I-Oxygene iphinde isebenzisa ukukhanya okubonakalayo noma isistimu yokuxhumana ye-LiFi - ukuze ixhume ku-inthanethi Yezinto, inike amandla ukuxhumana kwemoto-to-imoto (V2V) kanye ne-carto-infrastructure (V2I) ukuxhumana.

kanye nesimiso sezinto eziphilayo esikhula ngokushesha samadivayisi axhumene futhi axhumana njalo, indima yesondo lemoto kufanele ichazwe kabusha.

Imoto yesikhathi esizayo ngokwayo izoba uhlelo oludidiyelwe lwezingxenye zeselula "ezihlakaniphile", futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo zizongena ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana eziyinkimbinkimbi yamanethiwekhi omgwaqo wesimanje namanethiwekhi.

Esigabeni sokuqala sobuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile ekwakhiweni kwamasondo, izinzwa ezibekwe emathayini zizokwenza izinhlobo ezahlukene zokukala bese zidlulisela ulwazi oluqoqiwe kumshayeli ngekhompyutha esebhodini noma umakhalekhukhwini. Isibonelo sesixazululo esinjalo isondo le-prototype ContinentaleTIS, elisebenzisa inzwa exhunywe ngqo kulwelwesi lwamasondo ukukala izinga lokushisa kwalo, umthwalo walo, ngisho nokunyathela ukujula nokucindezela. Ngesikhathi esifanele, i-eTIS izokwazisa umshayeli ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokushintsha isondo - hhayi ngokusekelwe ku-mileage, kodwa ngokusekelwe esimweni sangempela samathayi.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo kuzoba ukwakha isondo okuthi, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokungenelela komshayeli, liphendule ngendlela efanele kudatha eqoqwe izinzwa.Amasondo anjalo azofutha ngokuzenzakalelayo noma abuyisele isondo eliphantshile, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi azokwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo nesimo sezulu izimo zomgwaqo, isibonelo, uma lina, ama-drainage grooves ahamba ngobubanzi ukuze anciphise ingozi ye-aquaplaning. Isixazululo esithakazelisayo salolu hlobo uhlelo oluvumela ukuthi ulawule ngokuzenzakalelayo ukucindezela kwesondo lezimoto ezihambayo usebenzisa ama-microcompressors alawulwa yi-microprocessor.

I-Michelin Uptis czyli Uhlelo oluhlukile lokubhoboza amathaya

Ibhasi elihlakaniphile liphinde libe ibhasi ngalinye liguqulelwe kumsebenzisi kanye nezidingo zakhe zamanje. Ake sithi sihamba emgwaqweni onguthelawayeka, kodwa lapho siya khona sisenengxenye enzima yangaphandle komgwaqo. Ngakho-ke, izidingo zezakhiwo zamasondo ziyahlukahluka kakhulu. Isixazululo amasondo afana ne-Goodyear reCharge. Ngokubukeka kubukeka okujwayelekile - okwenziwe ngerimu nesondo.

Isici esibalulekile, nokho, idamu elikhethekile elitholakala kunqenqema oluqukethe i-capsule egcwele ingxube eyenziwe ngezifiso ebolayo, evumela isondo ukuthi lihlehle noma lizivumelanise nezimo zomgwaqo ezishintshayo. Isibonelo, ingaba nokunyathela ngaphandle komgwaqo okungavumela imoto yethu eyisibonelo ukuthi ishayele iqonde ukusuka kuthelawayeka iye endaweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa buzokwazi ukukhiqiza inhlanganisela yomuntu siqu ngokuphelele ejanyiswe isitayela sethu sokushayela. Ingxube ngokwayo izokwenziwa nge-biodegradable biomaterial futhi iqiniswe ngemicu ephefumulelwe enye yezinto zemvelo ezinzima kakhulu emhlabeni - usilika wesicabucabu.

Kukhona futhi ama-prototypes okuqala amasondo, ashintsha kakhulu izixazululo zokuklama ezisetshenziswe iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu. Lawa amamodeli avikelwe ngokuphelele kuma-punctures nasekulimaleni, bese ehlanganisa ngokuphelele umugqa nesondo.

Ngonyaka odlule, uMichelin wethula i-Uptis, imodeli engenawo umoya engamelana ne-puncture inkampani ehlela ukuyethula eminyakeni emine. Isikhala phakathi kokunyathela kwendabuko kanye nomphetho sigcwele isakhiwo esinezimbambo esivulekile esenziwe ngengxube ekhethekile yerabha ne-fiberglass. Lolu hlobo lwesondo alukwazi ukubhobozwa ngenxa yokuthi akukho moya ngaphakathi futhi luguquguquka ngokwanele ukuze lunikeze induduzo futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukumelana okukhulu nokulimala.

Ibhola esikhundleni sesondo: Goodyear Eagle 360 ​​Urban

Mhlawumbe izimoto zesikhathi esizayo ngeke zigijime ngamasondo nhlobo, kodwa ... ngezinduku. Lo mbono wethulwe ukukhathazeka kukaGoodyear ngendlela ye-prototype Igl 360 Urban. Ibhola kufanele limunce amaqhuqhuva kangcono kunesondo elijwayelekile, likhulise ukuhleleka kwemoto nokuhamba kahle (vula khona lapho), futhi linikeze ukuqina okukhulu.

I-Eagle 360 ​​Urban isongwe ngesikhumba se-bionic, esivumelana nezimo esigcwele izinzwa ekwazi ngaso ukuqapha isimo sayo futhi iqoqe ulwazi mayelana nemvelo, kuhlanganise nomgwaqo. Ngemuva kwesikhumba se-bionic kunesakhiwo esinezimbotshana esihlala siguquguquka naphezu kwesisindo semoto. Amasilinda atholakala ngaphansi kwesondo, asebenza ngesimiso esifanayo nemisipha yomuntu, angakha izingcezu zomuntu ngamunye zesondo. Ngaphandle kwalokho Igl 360 Urban iyakwazi ukuzilungisa - lapho izinzwa zithola ukubhoboza, zizungeza ibhola ngendlela yokuthi zinciphise ukucindezela endaweni yomonakalo futhi zenze ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ukuvala ukubhoboza!