Amashaja ezimoto - konke odinga ukukwazi ngaphambi kokuthenga

Lapho nje i-mercury yehla, abanikazi abaningi bezimoto ze-diesel bacabanga ngokwesaba ngezinkinga ezizayo ngokuqala ngakusasa ekuseni. Ngokukhula, abashayeli nabo babelana ngalokhu kukhathazeka. izimoto ezinezinjini zikaphethiloli. Uhlobo lwenani esilikhokha sonke inqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe embonini yezimoto.

Izimoto zesimanje ziya ngokuya zigcwele izinto zikagesi, okudingayo ukunikezwa kwamandla anele. Ok ukushaja ukusebenza kwamanje kanye nebhethri, futhi ngalokho ibhethri ngokushesha noma kamuva angase adinge ukusekelwa okwengeziwe ngendlela ye ishaja yemoto.

Yingakho namuhla sizokutshela:

• Imaphi amashaja ezimoto asemakethe,
• Imaphi amapharamitha okufanele uwacabangele lapho ukhetha amashaja,
• Okufanele ukubheke lapho uthenga amashaja emoto.

Kuyafaneleka ukubalula lokho umehluko kumapharamitha phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zamadivayisi ngempela inhlamvu. Amashaja ahluke ngokuphelele azozibonakalisa njengawo imishini yokuvula ibhethri emotweni yabagibeli, kanti abanye bazoba yisixazululo esihle, isibonelo, kubanikazi Abakhempa.

Izinhlobo zokulungisa izimoto

Kuyajabulisa ukwazi lokho amashaja emoto ihlukaniswe amaqembu amaningana. Lolu lwazi luzokuvumela ukuthi unqume kalula ukuthi yiziphi izilungisi ezizoba yisinqumo esingcono kakhulu. Amadivayisi athile amashaja ebhethri lemoto ahluka kakhulu ngesakhiwo sawo sangaphakathi. Lokhu kunjalo kuthinta izinketho zabo ezahlukene futhi ngaleyo ndlela intengo. 

Yiziphi izinhlobo zamashaja ebhethri emoto esingazithola emakethe? Kalula ukwehlukana Kubukeka kanjena:

• Standard
• Okuzenzakalelayo
• Yelula
• Pulse

Standard

Enye ye- i-protozoan imishini yalolu hlobo. Bona ngempela ama-transformerlokho bancishiwe noma yikuphi izesekeli electronic. Njengomthetho, amashaja emoto ajwayelekile eshibhe kakhulu amadivayisi emakethe. Nakuba imingcele yabo ingase ingenzi umbono omningi, kanjani idivayisi yokushaja bazosebenza kahle ezimotweni.

Ukuqapha

Amashaja emoto ohlobo olujwayelekile awanalo uhlelo olungeziwe lokuvikela umonakalo.

Okuzenzakalelayo (microprocessor)

Amashaja ebhethri asuselwa ku-Microprocessor izimoto - isisombululo esithuthuke kancane. Okokuqala, zikuvumela ukuthi ushaje ibhethri ngokuqhubekayo, kungakhathaliseki ukushintshashintsha kwamandla kagesi kumapayipi amakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ishaja ingasebenza ngaphandle kokunqamula ibhethri emthonjeni wamandla kagesi.

Izilungisi ezizenzakalelayonjengoba zibizwa kanjalo, zinezinzwa ezikuvumela ukuthi ulinganise ngokuqhubekayo i-voltage ebhethrini. Kunoma yikuphi ukwehla kwamandla kagesi, ishaja izoqala ukushaja ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ngokushesha lapho ibhethri lihlala icala, Ishaja qeda umsebenzi.

Kuyafaneleka ukungeza lokho ama-rectifiers azenzakalelayo aphephe ngokuphelele kumasekhethi e-elekthronikhi. Ukuklama kwabo kukuvumela ukuthi ugcine i-voltage ezingeni elidingekayo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu hhayi kuphela ekusebenzeni okuqhubekayo kwebhethri, kodwa nasekugcineni isesimweni esihle.

Ngokulandelayo, eyodwa isilungisi esizenzakalelayo futhi uye uhla lwezici zokuphephaeziyivikela emonakalweni. Ngisho izifunda ezimfushane ezingase zivele kuziqeshana zengwenya noma ngenxa yokuxhumana okungafanele nebhethri, azikwazi ukuphazamisa ukusebenza kwayo.

Kazi ungayithola yini emakethe othomathikhi rectifierslokho kukuvumela ukuthi ushaje amabhethri izimoto ezimbili ngesikhathi esisodwa. Endabeni yomshini onjalo, kukhona nje izinto ezimbili zikagesi.

Yelula

Kumshayeli ojwayelekile, amashaja ebhethri edonsayo angase abukeke njengefomu eleqile ngaphezu kokuqukethwe. Ngempela - zisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukusebenza ngama-voltages aphezulu kakhulu. Bazosebenza kahle ngezimoto zikagesi namabhethri ezimoto zezimboni.

Yini okufanele uyinake lapho ukhetha idivayisi enjalo? Amashaja okudonsa izimoto enzelwe izinhlobo ezithile zamabhethri. Emakethe kukhona amadivaysi ejeli namabhethri e-lead-acid.

Pulse

Uma ufuna isilungisi se amabhethri emotoozokunikeza ukusebenza okuphezulu ukusebenza, amadivaysi e-pulse azoba yisinqumo esihle kakhulu. Akukona nje ukuqondana ukuthi le mikhiqizo ibizwa ngokuthi amashaja ahlakaniphile. Ukusebenza kahle kwabo kungafinyelela kuze kufike ku-90%. Okokugcina, amashaja we-pulse amabhethri emoto amelana nokuguquguquka kwamandla kagesi wamapayipi ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle.

Ukusebenza nama-pulse rectifiers futhi ngokuphelele безопасный okogesi wezimoto. Imishini enjalo ineziyingi ezikhethekile ze-elekthronikhi ezihlala zihlola i-voltage ohlelweni ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha. Lokhu kususa ubungozi bokushajwa ngokweqile, okungaphazamisa ukusebenza kwebhethri.

I-Parametry prostownikow

Ukucaciswa kwamashaja ebhethri emoto ahlukahlukene kungaba nzima. Okuthi i-parametry prostownikow kukhona Into ebaluleke kakhulu? Indlela yokufunda ulwazi oluvela kumkhiqizi? Kuyafaneleka ukunaka ngokukhethekile:

• зарядestы
• ukungezwani

Ukushaja okwamanje (ukuphakama nokusebenza kahle)

Kungani lezi zindinganiso ezimbili zibaluleke kangaka? Ukushaja kwamanje okusebenzayo inquma inombolo времяudingani ibhethri egcwele amandla. Uma ukhetha ishaja futhi lapha low current ukushaja ephumelelayo kuyinto ukutholwa kwebhethri kuzothatha isikhathi eside ukululama.

Ulayini umthamo wokushaja ophezulu lena ipharamitha eyichazayo ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu idivayisi. Nokho, leli akulona inani le shaja ezosebenza ngalo ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Lapho ukhetha amashaja, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukushaja kwamanje kweshaja akudluli ingxenye eyishumi yomthamo webhethri. Kulula kakhulu ukukhumbula:

• 40 Ah ibhethri - 4A ishaja
• 60Ah ibhethri - 6A ishaja

I-voltage yokuphuma kanye nokunikezela

Uyifunda kanjani le mingcele? Nini i-voltage ephumayo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi umlungisi incazelo efanayo UJak umthamo webhethri, i.e. uma ufuna ukushaja ibhethri ku-6V, ishaja kufanele ibe nokuphumayo okungu-6V. Endabeni yemishini yezolimo noma amaloli, lapho amabhethri ane-voltage engu-24 V, ama-rectifiers ane-voltage efanayo kufanele akhethwe.

Kuhle ukwazi ukuthi amashaja amabhethri emoto amaningi anawo umsebenzi wokushaja amabhethri anama-voltage ahlukene. Ngokusebenzisa iswishi, ungakhetha ukuthi uyafuna yini ukunika amandla ibhethri nge-6V noma i-12V (noma i-12V noma i-24V).

A i-voltage yokuhlinzeka? Kumayelana Ukucindezelekayini lo mlungisi inikwe amandla. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi emikhiqizweni eshibhile evela eMpumalanga Ekude. Kwabaningi babo, amandla kagesi ahlukile kulawo asePoland. 230V.

Izici ezengeziwe

Ingabe amashaja ezimoto angaba nezinye izinketho? Yebo! Iminikelo eminingi ebiza kakhulu ifaka Isibonisi se-LCD. Lokhu okungeziwe okwenza kube lula kakhulu ukufundwa kwemingcele yebhethri.

Uma sikhuluma ngezinkomba, kufanelekile ukusho, isibonelo, ama-LED aqala ukusebenza lapho i-voltage ohlelweni ishintsha. Amashaja ajwayelekile athuthukisiwe nawo avumela ukulungiselelwa kwamanje okunembayo.

Amabhethri aphinde ashajwe

Ngaphambi kokuthi unqume ishaja yemotoqiniseka ukuhlola amaphi amabhethri angakhokhisa. Kulo mongo, sihlukanisa phakathi kwamashaja ebhethri lemoto:

• i-asidi eholayo
• Gel

Njengoba sekushiwo, amashaja azenzakalelayo angasetshenziswa ngazo zombili izinhlobo zamabhethri.

Ubukhulu nesisindo

Cabanga ukuthi udinga nini futhi kuphi okokuqondisa. Uma ufuna umshini ohlangene ongawuphatha emotweni yakho, amashaja okushaya kwenhliziyo ayisinqumo esihle. Zincane, futhi ngasikhathi sinye zilula kakhulu - amamodeli amancane kakhulu awanawo isisindo sekhilogremu!

Yini okufanele uyibheke lapho ukhetha ishaja yemoto?

Nakanjani akufanelekile ithrekhi intengo kuphela. Kuyafaneleka ukungeza kancane futhi uqiniseke ngokukhetha okulungile. 

Ishaja yemoto asinankinga thenga esuphamakethe, khona-ke ikhwalithi imikhiqizo enjalo ngeke kwenelise. Futhi akukhona nje ukwehluleka kwedivayisi ngokwayo. Amashaja amabhethri emoto ashibhile avame ukubudlabha futhi abe yingozi. umonakalo omkhulu ohlelweni lukagesi lwemoto - kusukela ebhethri kuya ezingxenyeni ezibiza kakhulu.

Kumele unake yomkhiqizo. Akukho ukushoda kwemikhiqizo engenamagama emakethe. Ngeshwa, ikhwalithi yokukhiqiza kwabo ngokuvamile iphansi kangangokuthi amadivayisi anjalo ngemva kwesikhathi esifushane ezilimele.

Lapho ukhetha amashaja, kufanele uthembele esiphakamisweni sochwepheshe. Njengesibonelo, inkampani Lark Polandosisizile ngalesi sihloko. Le yinkampani yase-Warsaw, esaqhubeka Iminyaka engu-25 isebenza emkhakheni wokufakwa nokugcinwa kwezinto zikagesi ezimotweni. Ezinkampanini ezinjalo, ungathembela ezelulekweni zochwepheshe lapho ukhetha ama-rectifiers, futhi uma kunezinkinga, futhi ngosizo lwenkonzo yochwepheshe.