Ama-racks emoto: kuyini, idivayisi, inhloso
Okuqukethwe
Ukuhluleka kwe-shock absorber akwenzi umshini ungasebenziseki. Kodwa kukhubaza ukunethezeka nokulawuleka, njengoba ubude nobukhulu bokudlidliza komzimba kukhula kumabhampu emgwaqeni. Ama-struts emoto abukeka enamandla kakhulu: asebenza njengesisekelo, avikela ukumiswa ekuthukeni, futhi azinzise amasondo lapho ekhoneni.
Ukushayela okuphephile nokunethezekile, amadivaysi okudambisa akhethekile anesibopho. Ama-Racks emotweni ayizingxenye ezihlinzeka ngokuzinza ngesikhathi sokunyakaza nokuhamba. Umshini kufanele uvikele ngempumelelo izimoto nabagibeli emiphumeleni yomgwaqo omaholoholo.
Siyini isitendi
I-torque yenjini idluliswa ngokudluliselwa emasondweni axhumene nomgwaqo. Wonke “amaqhuqhuva” namaqhuqhuva ngesivinini angaphendula ngamagalelo anamandla emoto. Ukudambisa ukudlidliza emishinini, kusetshenziswa izindlela ezikhethekile, ngokwehlukana kwesondo ngalinye. Amadivayisi anjalo anciphisa ngempumelelo i-amplitude ye-multidirectional oscillations yomzimba wemoto.
Ama-side struts emoto asekela isisindo kanye nohla oluphephile lokuchezuka kwesikhungo samandla adonsela phansi. Badlulisa umfutho wokushayela usuka emasondweni ngokulahlekelwa okuncane kwamandla okushisa uketshezi olusebenzisa amanzi. Ngakho, ukuma komshini kuyindlela ehlinzeka ngomsebenzi owusizo wokunciphisa ukudlidliza kwentwasahlobo yokusekela. Isisetshenziswa esiseviswayo sithinta ukunethezeka nokuphepha kwemoto kunoma yimuphi umgwaqo.
Ama-racks emoto anomehluko ekuklanyweni, kuye ngendawo yemoto kanye nomkhiqizi. Zihluke ngohlobo lwengxube ye-hydraulic emzimbeni we-cylinder kanye nendlela yokunamathisela emzimbeni wemoto nokumiswa.
Ama-Racks ezimoto
Idivayisi yokubeka
Ingxenye ixhuma amasondo emoto kuhlaka nomzimba. Futhi idlulisela isikhathi sokushayela kanye nesiqondiso ekwakhiweni kwemoto.
Ama-racks ezimoto aqukethe izinto ezilandelayo:
- Isilinda esingenalutho esinepiston ngaphakathi. Igcwaliswe ngezinto ezicindezelayo eziphansi.
- Ingxube ye-hydraulic edlulisela amandla ku-piston. Ingase yakhiwe uketshezi namagesi.
- Push rod exhunywe emzimbeni wemoto.
- I-piston, etholakala kusilinda, ifakwe i-valve futhi ifanelana kahle nezindonga.
- Ukuvala ama-seal kanye nezindlala ukuvimbela uketshezi ukuthi lungaphumi.
- Ikesi elihlanganisa zonke izingxenye zibe idizayini eyodwa
- Izinto zokuxhuma zokukhweza idivayisi.
Ukuthi isebenza kanjani
Izingxenye eziyinhloko zokuma komshini yi-spring and shock absorber. Isenzo esihlanganisiwe salezi zakhi sinikeza ukubamba okuhle komgwaqo, ukuhambahamba nokunethezeka:
- I-spring itholakala eksisi ye-rack, lapho ithola khona ukushaqeka lapho imoto ishaya ama-bumps nama-bumps. Insimbi eqinile inciphisa ukuphakama kokunyakaza okuqondile. Idambisa umphumela wokudlidliza womgwaqo emzimbeni wemoto.
- I-shock absorber ye-rack yomshini, etholakala ku-axis longitudinal, inciphisa i-amplitude yokubuya. Futhi i-re ivumela umshini ukuthi uzulazule uye endaweni eqondile nevundlile. Kanye nentwasahlobo, inomphumela oyifunayo ekwehliseni ukudlidliza okwenzeka lapho ushaya amabhampa endaweni yomgwaqo.
Imisebenzi ye-rack yemoto yilezi:
- ukwesekwa komshini;
- ukudluliswa kwamandla okushayela kusuka emasondweni;
- ukuqiniswa komzimba eduze kwe-eksisi eyinhloko;
- isixwayiso se-angle eyingozi yokuthambekela;
- side effect damping.
Ukwakheka kwamadivayisi kuhlukile kuma-ekseli ahlukene amasondo. Izinsika ezingaphambili zemoto zincane, zinde futhi zine-thrust bear. Angakwazi ukuzungeza ngokukhululekile i-eksisi eqondile kanye nesondo.
Izinhlobo
Iziphethu zedivayisi edonsa ukushaqeka yemoto zenziwe nge-alloy ekhethekile enikeza ukunwebeka okuphezulu. Le mininingwane ngobukhulu ibukeka ihlukile kuhlobo ngalunye lwemoto.
Izinhlobo ze-strut shock absorbers:
- Izindlela ezinama-absorber shock uwoyela ezimweni ezithambile zokusebenza. Emgwaqeni omubi, bayashisa ngokushesha futhi balahlekelwe ukuqina kwabo, kodwa nginenani elincane.
- Ngenhlanganisela yamagesi ngaphansi kwengcindezi. Ukumiswa okunokuqina okuphezulu kukudambisa ngempumelelo ukudlidliza futhi kuphole ngokushesha. Kodwa izindleko zalolu hlobo lwedivayisi ziphakeme.
- Nge-hydraulic fluid. Ingxube kawoyela negesi ngaphansi kwengcindezi. Lolu hlobo luhlanganisa izinzuzo ezimbili zangaphambilini - ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu emigwaqweni emibi kanye nokuqina okuhle.
Kumamodeli ezimoto ezinkampani ezithile, kungenzeka ukulungisa indlela yokusebenza yamadivayisi. Ikhompuyutha esebhodini ilawula i-valve yokudlula i-shock absorber kuye ngekhwalithi yendawo yomgwaqo. Izinhlobo zezindlela zokusebenza:
- Ezemidlalo
- Comfort.
- Okungcono kakhulu.
Lezi zinketho zihambisana nengcindezi ethile yokusebenza yengxube ye-hydraulic.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-strut ne-shock absorber
Inhloso yedivayisi ukugcina umshini uhamba usesimweni esizinzile. Kanye nokuvikela imoto emiphumeleni ye-multidirectional ezintweni zokumiswa nokusebenza komzimba.
Ama-absorbers angemuva
Umehluko phakathi komshini wokudambisa kanye ne-shock absorber:
- Okunamathiselwe ku-ball joint kanye nengalo yokumiswa.
- Isenzo semithwalo esisuka ezindaweni ezahlukene.
- Izindleko eziphakeme nokuba yinkimbinkimbi.
- Umshini awukwazi ukusetshenziswa ngedivayisi enesici.
I-car strut shock absorber ngokuvamile isebenza njenge-elementi yesakhiwo. Kodwa futhi ingafakwa ngokwehlukana - ifakwe emabhuloki athule kanye ne-loop emzimbeni wemoto.
Ukuhluleka kwe-shock absorber akwenzi umshini ungasebenziseki. Kodwa kukhubaza ukunethezeka nokulawuleka, njengoba ubude nobukhulu bokudlidliza komzimba kukhula kumabhampu emgwaqeni. Ama-struts emoto abukeka enamandla kakhulu: asebenza njengesisekelo, avikela ukumiswa ekuthukeni, futhi azinzise amasondo lapho ekhoneni.
I-absorber ehlukile yokushaqeka akuyona i-analogue efanele yendlela yokumanzisa. Ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka ukuwohloka, kuyadingeka ukufaka esikhundleni sedivayisi entsha.
Ukusebenza komsebenzi
Idizayini yezindlela zokudambisa ithembekile impela. Kodwa ukusebenza kanzima kuthinta ukuqina kwezakhi.
Isikhathi esiningi i-shock absorber njengengxenye yerack yemoto iyaphuka. Kodwa kukhona ukuwohloka kwezinye izingxenye zesakhiwo: ama-fasteners, ama-ball bearings, ama-thrust bears neziphethu. Imishini ebamba ukushaqeka enengxube ye-hydraulic yegesi inomsebenzi omude wenkonzo.
Ubude besikhathi sokusebenza kwe-rack yomshini buthintwa ukufakwa okungabhanqiwe. Uma kushintshwa idivayisi eyodwa kuphela, khona-ke imithwalo iyanda ngenxa ye-oscillation amplitudes ehlukene. Ngenxa yomthelela we-asymmetrical, ama-elementi amisiwe angase aphuke.
Lapho ushintsha, udinga ukufaka umshini omusha wokuhlanganisa. Izinto ezindala ezigugile azikwazi ukusebenza kahle futhi zizofinyeza impilo yalo lonke idivayisi.
