Umzila Webhayisikili Wasentabeni Okuzenzakalelayo: Kungani Kungafanele?

Enye isofthiwe, kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke, izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi (izinhlelo zokusebenza) zikuvumela ukuba usheshe, ngokuchofoza okumbalwa (Umzila, Umzila, Umzila), uhambise ibhayisikili, amatshe, umzila we-MTB noma umzila wokuhamba ngezinyawo.

Kodwa-ke, umphumela ungasuka e-bluffing uye ekukhungathekeni okuningi, ukubona ukulwa kwe-spaghetti okungase kubonakale "kuhlanya", kodwa ingabe ithuluzi le-APPLI kufanele libekwe icala futhi lilahlwe?

Kungokwemvelo ukusola lolu hlelo lokusebenza, kodwa ingxenye kuphela yicala lalokhu kukhungatheka, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza, ngoba isizathu esiyinhloko sihlobene nobuningi bedatha ehlobene nemephu.

Ukuzulazula e-Broughton Forest ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbili ezihlukene, esinye sazo ngakwesobunxele sehluleka okungenani izikhathi ezintathu, cishe ngenxa yezinga eliphansi ledatha ye-MTB kumephu ye-OSM.

Amamephu atholakalayo futhi asetshenziswa yilezi zinhlelo zokusebenza (kanye nesofthiwe) i-Open Street Map, https://www.openstreetmap.fr/, etholakala ngezindleko ezinguziro, i-TomTom noma i-Google, "eqala" kokuthi "Akukho tar".

Umfanekiso walesi sihloko usekelwe ku-Open Street Map (OSM), esetshenziswa kakhulu ngabathuthukisi bohlelo lokusebenza njengoba imahhala.

Ngokukhethekile, i-OSM, "njengabancintisana nabo", iyisizindalwazi esiqukethe uhlu "lwezinto". Ukuze udwebe imephu, uhlelo luzokhipha kulesi sizindalwazi kanye nento ngayinye izici ezijwayelekile zemephu oyifunayo. Khona-ke izokhiqiza imephu "ye-vector", okungukuthi, ukulandelana kwemigqa namaphoyinti, umdwebo wemephu uhlala ucacile, kungakhathaliseki izinga lokusondeza.

Kumephu yebhayisikili yasezintabeni, i-algorithm ebheka izici ezichaza imephu yebhayisikili lezintaba, evumela uhlelo lokusebenza ngalunye ukwethula imephu yebhayisikili yasezintabeni "enophawu", ikakhulukazi imephu yesimo sezulu. Kusuka ku-Garmin.

Idatha yemephu ye-OSM iza ngokuyinhloko kusukela kuminikelo yokuzithandela (crowdsourcing). I-OSM, esekelwe kulesi simiso, iminyaka eminingana, ezinye "izikhungo" ezanquma ukushiya abadlali abakhulu baseMelika be-cartographic, nazo zabamba iqhaza kule modi. Lezi zikhungo zikhetha i-OSM njengethuluzi lemephu endaweni yazo, ngakho-ke umnikelo ungaphansi kokuqondisa kochwepheshe (isibonelo: Lyon, Ile-de-France, njll.). Sibona kahle ukuthi kulezi zindawo imephu ibanzi futhi ihlelekile. Ngokwesilinganiso sikazwelonke noma sesifunda, lokhu kuholela ekuhlukeni okukhulu kakhulu kokunotha kanye nemvelo yedatha efakwe kule mephu.

Imephu ye-OSM MTB ukubukeka kohlobo luka-Garmin, kwesokunxele seVosges massif (enyakatho yeBelfort), kwesokudla ihlathi laseBretonne (eningizimu yeRouen) https://www.calculitineraires.fr/.

Ukuphawula kwethu, okugxile ekuhlobaneni kwebhayisikili, ibhayisikili lezintaba kanye nemizila yebhuqu, ayisho ngamabomu inani elimangalisayo ledatha eboniswa ku-OSM.

Isithombe esingezansi ukubuka kwesikali somhlaba sase-Europe semizila yamabhayisikili eyaziwa yi-OSM, lesi sithombe sibonisa ukuminyana kwemizila ezokhethwa ngokuyinhloko ngama-algorithms wezinhlelo zokusebenza kusetshenziswa imephu ye-OSM ukuhlela umzila wamabhayisikili. ...

Kuphakathi kokuthi kunezinye izindlela zamabhayisikili “ngaphandle kweFrance” noma imephu ye-OSM ayazisiwe kahle eFrance ... Impendulo: Bobabili okaputeni bami!

Uma usondeza endaweni ehlanganisa izingxenye ze-Greater East ne-Germany, isithombe sihlanganisa izindawo zokuminyana kwabantu okufanayo. Ohlangothini lwaseJalimane, ukuminyana kwemizila yamabhayisikili ngokuvamile kufana nokuminyana okwakhiwe, imephu ibonakala ifana. Ngokuqondene ne-France, ukuqaphela kucacile: akunakuqhathaniswa nakancane, imephu ezungeze i-Charmès inolwazi olungcono kuno-Nancy noma u-Colmar, usemningi umsebenzi okufanele wenziwe ukuze kutholwe imephu elungele umzila.

Njengoba i-OSM isekelwe kumgomo wokunikela ngokuzithandela, kukubagibeli bamabhayisikili ukunikeza ulwazi nokubuyekeza imephu.

I-OSM (njengabaqhudelana nayo) iyisizindalwazi se-cartographic lapho izingqimba zingakhishwa khona ngokuya ngemibandela yokuthakasela, umbhali ucela i-UMAP (isibukeli esilula) ukuthi iveze isendlalelo SANGAPHANDLE, okungukuthi, ukuminyana kwezindlela nezindlela ngezindlela ezimbili ezifanayo. izindawo ngokuya ngesiphakamiso "sangempela" ezinguqulweni ezilondoloziwe.

Singabona ngokucacile ukuthi umzila uzoba lula kakhulu, ofaneleka kakhulu uma ukunikezwa kubanzi kakhulu kumephu (ye-router) e-Black Forest kunase-Vosges, nakuba ensimini ukuminyana kanye nekhwalithi yokunikezwayo emikhondweni. , imizila, eVosges iyingqayizivele. Kuyaziswa kwamanye amathuluzi, kodwa hhayi ku-OSM; ngenxa yalokho, umzila (ifayela le-GPX elivela kuzinhlelo zokusebenza) kulesi sifunda awulungile.

Ihlathi Elimnyama empumalanga ye-Colmar

I-Vosges entshonalanga ye-Colmar.

Ake sibheke imephu ebonwa umhleli womzila, ngokomfanekiso umbhali ukhethe uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Komoot https://www.komoot.fr/ ngenxa yesici sayo sesithombe "esiheha". Ukuboniswa kungenziwa kusetshenziswa olunye uhlelo lokusebenza. Isici sesithombe sikuvumela ukuthi ugqamise kahle inkinga eyinhloko. Ehlathini Elimnyama (izindlela eziluhlaza okotshani), isithombe esingezansi sibonisa zonke izixazululo ezifaka isandla “ekuhambeni ngebhayisikili”, njengoba i-algorithm inezixazululo ezimbalwa, ingaphakamisa umzila ofanele ngokuya ngemibandela echazwe ngaphambilini.

Ngezansi, uhlangothi lwe-Vosges: i-algorithm kuyodingeka ikhethe emigwaqweni ngaphandle kweminye imibandela, ngoba imizila elungele ukuhamba ngebhayisikili ayigqanyisiwe kumephu. Ngokuya ngohlelo lokusebenza, umsebenzisi uzoneliseka kakhulu noma kancane.

Mayelana nokuhamba ngebhayisikili ezintabeni, ake siqhathanise umkhakha othathwe ngokungahleliwe e-Black Forest kanye ne-Spot, edume ngokuhamba ngebhayisikili ezintabeni e-France, ikakhulukazi ngokusingatha imiqhudelwano yamazwe ngamazwe ye-XC ne-DH: La Bresse in the Vosges.

Ehlathini Elimnyama (ngezansi), i-algorithm izokwazi ukukhetha phakathi kwamazinga obunzima ahlukene (S0, S1, S2 ...), gwema noma ugcine ukukhuphuka okunzima noma ukwehla. Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi umzila ophakanyisiwe (GPX) ufane noma usondelene kakhulu nezinketho ozikhombile.

Ngezansi, eVosges, umbala onsomi uvelele. I-algorithm emisiwe izokhetha indlela ezokwamukela izindlela ezigqanyiswe ngokunsomi, umsebenzisi kuyodingeka amsize akhe i-GPX efanele, ngoba isilinganiso sendlela ye-MTB sikhona kodwa sincane.

Ngezansi kunesibonelo sendawo lapho imephu ye-OSM MTB ilungile njengoba yonke imizila nemizila ihlukaniswa ngamabhayisikili, ukugibela ibhayisikili ezintabeni, ukugibela izintaba (umfanekiso wokubuka imephu yokuhamba ngebhayisikili). Umzila ophakanyiswe uhlelo lokusebenza olunamandla umi kanje: Ngakolunye uhlangothi, udalwa ngokushesha kakhulu futhi usesikhathini samanje, usizo lwezandla luyancishiswa.

Uhlelo lokusebenza ngalunye lusebenzisa ama-algorithms alo; ngeke banikeze ngokuqinile imizila efanayo, noma kunjalo esifundazweni "eFrance" umehluko phakathi komzila olindelekile kanye nomzila ozohamba ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yezinga lolwazi kumephu.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziku-inthanethi, okungenani lezo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, zibuyekeza amamephu wazo njalo. Azohlala esakamuva kakhulu kunesoftware evamise ukusebenzisa amamephu amadala kakhulu. Isibuyekezo esenziwe ku-OSM sibala ngokusobala ehoreni elilandelayo ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezisabela kakhulu; Ngokuphathelene nomzila, ukubambezeleka kuthatha isonto elilodwa kuye kwambalwa.

Yini ngempela efihlwe ngaphansi kwemephu

Ake sibone ukuthi yiluphi ulwazi olufihliwe ngemuva kwekhadi. Labo abazophakela i-algorithm yomzila.

Isithombe esingezansi sibonisa idatha yomzila wamabhayisikili e-Mormal Forest.

I-OSM iphrojekthi yokubambisana, isisebenzi akudingeki ukuthi sigcwalise zonke izinkambu, kufanele kucatshangwe ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nentando enhle imenyu izoba ngcono futhi ibe ngcono, lokhu kungumgomo wokuxutshwa kwabantu, njengaku-Wikipedia.

• Ibhayisikili: Ibalulekile ekuhambeni ngebhayisikili, lena indlela yebhayisikili engeyona indlela yamabhayisikili noma indlela yebhayisikili kuphela,
• Ngezinyawo: yamukela abahamba ngezinyawo, izivakashi
• Umgwaqo omkhulu: uhlobo lomgwaqo, ungowesigaba samathrekhi,
• Uhlobo Olungaphezulu / Lwethrekhi: Kulesi sibonelo, umhlabathi uqinile ngaphandle kohlava, lo mbandela ikuvumela ukuba wenze umzila wakho ube ngokugcwele, yilapho kuvela khona umqondo wetshe ...
• Ilungu ... Kulesi sibalo, umzila uyingxenye yomzila obhaliswe ngokusemthethweni, ungangeniswa kwamanye amazwe ngokuqondile ngezinye izicelo.

Ukunikezwa okungezansi kwemephu (OSM Cyclo) ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwe-U Map (isibukeli esilula) ne-Komoot (uhlelo lokusebenza) kubonisa kulesi sibonelo ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza aluyehlisi idatha kumephu, umzila ungase uncamele izindlela ezifanele abagibeli bamabhayisikili kuleli hlathi.

I-OSM Cycles of Mormal Forest enikeziwe Umap

I-OSM Cycles of the Forest of Mormal, enikezwa ngu-Komuth

Ukunotha kwedatha ethulwa kanye nokunemba kwayo, kuhlanganiswe nobuhlakani be-algorithm eyenziwe uhlelo lokusebenza, iqinisekisa ukuthi umzila otholwe ngenxa yomzila uzothuthukiswa kakhulu noma kancane.

Umfanekiso wokuhamba ngebhayisikili ezintabeni noma ukugibela izintaba

Okubalulekile

Indlela iyindlela ngomqondo womzila wezintaba, lapho kungenakwenzeka khona ukudlula ngebhayisikili lezintaba, nokuthi upake kuphi ukuze unqamule izindlela (ngezinyawo noma ngebhayisikili lezintaba), uwumhlangano wezizwe ngezizwe owamukelwa kabanzi... Noma nini lapho kungenzeka khona ukuma ndawonye, ​​ngezinyawo noma ngebhayisikili lezintaba, igama elithi "ithrekhi" kufanele lisetshenziswe.

Idatha ebalulekile ebalulekile inqunyelwe uhlobo (ithrekhi / indlela) kanye nohlobo lwethrekhi (ukuhlukaniswa kwethrekhi yezinga 1, ongakwazi ukujikeleza kalula ngezinga lesi-5 elingenakudlula).

Lokhu kuyakhethwa, kodwa kuwusizo kakhulu.

Yonke idatha izovumela i-algorithm yohlelo lokusebenza ukuthi iphakamise umzila ojwayelwe ukuzijwayeza, okuba obalulekile uma ufingqa ukusetshenziswa kokugibela amabhayisikili, ukuhamba ngezintaba nokuhamba ngebhayisikili.

Isibonelo esingezansi sibonisa ingxenye yebhayisikili lezintaba (elibomvu) eliyinselelo elilodwa (ibanga lesi-3, isikali 2, umthambeka 20 & # 0006). Lena indlela okufanele igwenywe ngabanye noma ikhethwe kunabanye. Uma i-algorithm inale datha, inganikeza idatha efanele newusizo mayelana nezibopho ezingokwenyama nezobuchwepheshe..

Iseluleko. Ukudlulisa ifayela le-trace.gpx elingeniswe lisuka ku-inthanethi ngohlelo lokusebenza lomzila kuvumela, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukusula le ndlela "yengadi", uma ikhona, futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukuhlonza izindlela ezingabangela izinkinga ensimini. ...

Ukubaluleka kwedatha

Ngezansi ukuqhathaniswa kwesithombe semephu yebhayisikili lezintaba ebukwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbili ezindaweni ezimbili zejografi ezinabantu abahlukene. Kwesokunxele kunombono we-OSM VTT weVosges enyakatho yeBelfort, kwesokudla ukubukwa kwebhayisikili lezintaba ehlathi laseBroughton eningizimu yeRouen. Kwesokunxele imephu ebonwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbili ezihlukene, zinedatha ehlotshaniswa nemephu yokusika umzila omuhle wamabhayisikili entabeni, ngakwesokudla, akukho lutho oluzovumela lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbili ukuba zikhethe umzila owodwa kunomunye, umzila uzoba “thambile”.