I-AVT795 - ukukhanya okusebenzayo
Abantu abaningi ngokwengeziwe bangathanda ukuba nesithakazelo ngempela ku-electronics futhi bakhe izifunda ezihlukahlukene, kodwa bacabanga ukuthi kunzima kakhulu. Noma ubani onentando eqinile angakwazi ukuthatha ngempumelelo izinto zikagesi njengento ekhangayo, enothando kakhulu. Kulabo abafuna ukuqala uhambo lwabo lwe-elekthronikhi ngokushesha kodwa abazi ukuthi kanjani, i-AVT inikeza uchungechunge lwamaphrojekthi alula anegama lamadijithi amathathu elithi AVT7xx. Enye evela kulolu chungechunge "i-running light" i-AVT795.
Umthelela weketango lokukhanya elikhiqiza uchungechunge lokukhanya ukhumbuza ukuwa kwe-meteorite. Isistimu ye-elekthronikhi eyethulwe ingasetshenziswa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, njengokuzijabulisa kwamathoyizi noma umbukiso, futhi ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo ezinjalo eziningana ezinemibala ehlukene ye-LED, ngisho nephathi encane yasekhaya. Ukwazi isimiso sokusebenza kuzokuvumela ukuthi usebenzise umphumela wokukhanya okuhambayo ngendlela yokudala nakakhulu.
Isebenza kanjani?
Umdwebo wohlelo lwe-dimmer uboniswa ku Umfanekiso 1. Isici esiyisisekelo yi-counter U1. Le counter ilawulwa amajeneretha amabili. Isikhathi somjikelezo wejeneretha eyakhelwe ku-U2B amplifier cishe isekhondi elingu-1, kuyilapho ubude besimo esiphakeme ekuphumeni kwale generator cishe bungaphansi ngokuphindwe kashumi ngenxa yokuba khona kwe-D1 ne-R5.
1. Umdwebo kagesi wesistimu
Ngaso sonke isikhathi sombuso ophezulu ekufakweni kwe-RES - okukhipha 15, i-counter isethwe kabusha, i.e. isimo esiphezulu sikhona ekuphumeni kwe-Q0, lapho kungekho ama-LED axhunyiwe. Ekupheleni kwe-pulse yokusetha kabusha, i-counter iqala ukubala ama-pulses avela ku-generator eyakhelwe ku-U2A amplifier, esetshenziselwa okokufaka kwe-CLK yemitha - izinyawo 14. Esigqini se-generator esakhiwe ku-U2A amplifier, i-diode D3. .. I-D8 izokhanyisa. khanyisa ngokulandelana. Lapho kuvela isimo esiphakeme ekuphumeni kwe-Q9 okuxhunywe kokokufaka kwe-ENA - iphinikhodi 13, ikhawunta izoyeka ukubala ama-pulses - wonke ama-LED azohlala evaliwe kuze kube yilapho ikhawunta isethwe kabusha yi-generator eyakhelwe ku-U2B amplifier, izoqala umjikelezo omusha. futhi ukhiqize uchungechunge lokubaniza. Ngokufanayo, i-diode ivaliwe lapho isimo esiphezulu sivela ekuphumeni kwe-oscillator eyakhelwe ku-amplifier U2B kanye nokokufaka kwe-RES ye-cube U1. Lokhu kuzosetha kabusha isibali se-U1. Ibanga lamandla kagesi ahlinzekwayo ngu-6…15 V, isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kwamanje mayelana nama-20 mA ku-12 V.
Amathuba okushintsha
Isakhiwo singashintshwa ngezindlela eziningi njengoba ubona kufanelekile. Okokuqala, ohlelweni oluyisisekelo, ungashintsha isikhathi sokuphindaphinda kochungechunge lokukhanya ngokushintsha i-capacitance C1 (100 ... 1000 μF) futhi, mhlawumbe, i-R4 (4,7 kOhm ... ) nokumelana no-R220 (2) kOhm ... 1 kOhm). Ngenxa yokushoda kwe-resistor yamanje yokukhawulela, ama-LED akhanya kakhulu.
Isistimu yemodeli isebenzisa ama-LED aphuzi. Akukho okukuvimbela ukuba uguqule umbala wabo futhi usebenzise eziningana zalezi zinhlelo, ezingaba ukwengeza okuhle ekukhanyeni kwezakhiwo eziningi zokuhlala. Nge-voltage yokuhlinzeka ye-12 V, esikhundleni se-diode eyodwa, ungakwazi ukuxhuma ngokuphephile ama-diode amabili noma amathathu ochungechungeni futhi ngaleyo ndlela wakhe iketango lokukhanya eliqukethe ama-LED amaningana.
Ukufakwa nokulungiswa
Isithombe sesihloko sizoba usizo phakathi nomsebenzi wokufaka. Ngisho nabaqambi abanolwazi oluncane bazobhekana nomhlangano wesistimu, futhi kungcono ukuqala lesi sigaba ngokuhlanganisa izakhi ebhodini lesifunda eliphrintiwe, kuqala ngezincane kakhulu futhi kuphele ngobukhulu. Ukulandelana komhlangano okunconyiwe kukhonjisiwe ohlwini lwezingxenye. Enkambweni, qaphela ngokukhethekile indlela ye-soldering pole elements: ama-electrolytic capacitors, ama-diode nama-circuits ahlanganisiwe, i-cutout esimweni okufanele ifane nephethini ebhodini lesifunda eliphrintiwe.
Ngemva kokuhlola ukufakwa okulungile, kufanele uxhume ugesi ozinzile, okungcono nge-voltage engu-9 ... 12 V, noma ibhethri ye-alkaline engu-9-volt. I-Rysunek 2 ibonisa indlela yokuxhuma kahle ukunikezwa kwamandla ebhodini lesifunda futhi ibonisa ukulandelana kokuvula ama-LED. Ihlanganiswe kahle kusuka ezintweni zokusebenza, isistimu izosebenza kahle ngokushesha futhi ayidingi noma yikuphi ukucushwa noma ukuqaliswa. Ibhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe linembobo ekhuphukayo kanye namaphoyinti amane okuqinisa lapho ungathengisa khona izingcezu ze-silverware noma unqamule iziphetho zama-resistors ngemuva kokuhlanganisa. Ngenxa yabo, uhlelo oluqediwe lungaxhunywa kalula noma lubekwe endaweni enikezwe lokhu.
2. Ukuxhumeka okulungile kokunikezwa kwamandla ebhodini kanye nokuhleleka kokuvula ama-LED.
Zonke izingxenye ezidingekayo zale phrojekthi zifakiwe kukhithi ye-AVT795 B ye-PLN 16, etholakala ku-:
