I-Austin Armored Car eyakhiwe yinkampani yaseBrithani "Austin" Izimoto ezihlomile zase-Austin zathuthukiswa yinkampani yaseBrithani ngaphansi kwe-oda laseRussia. Zakhiwa ngokuguqulwa okuhlukahlukene kusukela ngo-1914 kuya ku-1917. Babesenkonzweni noMbuso WaseRussia, kanye noMbuso WaseJalimane, i-Weimar Republic (ngokomlando igama laseJalimane kusukela ngo-1919 kuya ku-1933), i-Red Army (e-Red Army bonke "ama-Austins" ekugcineni bahoxiswa ekukhonzeni. 1931), njll. Ngakho, "u-Austin" "walwa nenhlangano emhlophe, inombolo encane yezimoto ezihlomile zalolu hlobo zazisetshenziswa amabutho amhlophe emaphethelweni ngokumelene ne-Red Army. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani elithile lasetshenziswa ibutho le-UPR phakathi neMpi Yombango YaseRussia. Izimoto eziningana zafika eJapane, lapho zazisebenza khona kwaze kwaba sekuqaleni kwawo-30. Kusukela ngo-March 1921, kwakukhona ama-Austin angu-7 emayunithi ahlomile eButho LasePoland.. Futhi ebuthweni lase-Austrian, uchungechunge lwe-Austin 3rd lwalusebenza kuze kube ngu-1935. Ukusebenza kahle kwezimoto ezihlomile phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yokuqala kwaboniswa amaJalimane. IRussia nayo isiqalile ukwakha lolu hlobo lwesikhali. Nokho, ngaleso sikhathi umthamo kuphela Russian-Baltic inqola plant, eyakhiqiza izimoto, ayenganele ukumboza izidingo ibutho ngisho nasezimotweni zokuthutha. Ngo-August 1914, kwasungulwa ikhomishini ekhethekile yokuthenga, eyaya eNgilandi iyothenga izinto zezimoto nezakhiwo, kuhlanganise nezimoto zezikhali. Ngaphambi kokuhamba, izidingo zamaqhinga nezobuchwepheshe zemoto ehlomile zathuthukiswa. Ngakho-ke, izimoto ezitholiwe ezihlomile kwakufanele zibe nokubhuka okuvundlile, futhi isibhamu somshini sasihlanganisa okungenani izibhamu ezimbili ezitholakala emibhoshongweni emibili ezungezayo ngaphandle komunye nomunye. Ikhomishana yokuthengwa kwempahla kaGeneral Sekretev ayizange ibone intuthuko enjalo eNgilandi. Ekwindla ka-1914, abaseBrithani bahlomisa yonke into ngokungahleliwe, ngaphandle kokuvikelwa okuvundlile nemibhoshongo. Imoto yezikhali yaseBrithani eyayidume kakhulu ngeMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, iRolls-Royce, eyayinesivikelo esivundlile kodwa i-turret eyodwa eyayinomshini wesibhamu, yavela ngoDisemba kuphela. Onjiniyela abavela eNkampanini Yezimoto yase-Austin abavela eLongbridge baqala ukwakha iphrojekthi yemoto ehlomile ezohlangabezana nezidingo zobuchule nezobuchwepheshe zaseRussia. Lokhu kufezwe ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu. Ngo-Okthoba 1914, kwakhiwa i-prototype, egunyazwe umyalo webutho laseRussia. Qaphela ukuthi inkampani yase-Austin yasungulwa owayengumqondisi wezobuchwepheshe wenkampani yakwa-Wolseley, uSir Herbert Austin, ngo-1906, emagcekeni endlu yokunyathelisa yangaphambili edolobheni elincane laseLongbridge, eduze kwaseBirmingham. Kusukela ngo-1907, yaqala ukukhiqiza izimoto ezithwala amahhashi angu-25, futhi ekuqaleni kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala yayikhiqiza izinhlobo eziningana zezimoto zabagibeli, kanye namaloli angu-2 no-3-ton. Ingqikithi yomkhiqizo wenkampani yase-Austin ngalesi sikhathi yayingaphezu kwezimoto ezahlukene ze-1000 ngonyaka, futhi isibalo sabasebenzi sasingaphezu kwabantu abangu-20000. Izimoto Armored "Austin" Imoto Armored "Austin" 1st uchungechunge Uchungechunge lwesibili olunezengezo zesiRashiya Imoto Armored "Austin" 3st uchungechunge "Chofoza" esithombeni ukuze ukhulise Izimoto Armored "Austin" 1st uchungechunge Isisekelo semoto ehlomile kwakuyi-chassis ekhiqizwe yinkampani yemoto yabagibeli yamaKoloni enenjini engu-30 hp. Injini yayifakwe i-Kleydil carburetor kanye ne-Bosch magneto. Ukudluliselwa ku-axle yangemuva kwenziwa kusetshenziswa i-cardan shaft, uhlelo lwe-clutch lwaluyi-cone yesikhumba. U-gearbox ubunama-speed angu-4 ukuya phambili kanye ne-reverse eyodwa. Amasondo ngokhuni, usayizi wesondo 895x135. Imoto ibivikelwe ngezikhali ezinobukhulu obungu-3,5-4 mm, ezakhiwe embonini yakwaVickers, futhi inesisindo esiwu-2666 kg. Izikhali zazihlanganisa izibhamu ezimbili ezingu-7,62-mm Maxim M.10 ezinezinhlamvu ezingu-6000, ezifakwe kuma-turrets amabili ajikelezayo abekwe endizeni ephambene futhi ane-engeli yokudubula engu-240 °. Abasebenzi bahlanganisa umkhuzi - isikhulu esincane, umshayeli - isikhulu kanye nabadubuli bemishini ababili - isikhulu esincane esingagunyaziwe kanye nesikhulu. Inkampani yase-Austin yathola i-oda lezimoto ezihlomile ezingama-48 zalo mklamo ngoSepthemba 29, 1914. Imoto ngayinye ibiza u-£1150. E-Russia, lezi zimoto ezihlomile zabuye zahlonywa ngokwengxenye ngezikhali ezingu-7 mm: izikhali zashintshwa kuma-turrets kanye ne-front hull plate. Kuleli fomu, izimoto zase-Austin ezihlomile zaya empini. Nokho, imisebenzi yokuqala yezempi yabonisa ukuntuleka kwezikhali. Kusukela ngezimoto zeqembu le-13, wonke ama-Austin ochungechunge lokuqala afika esitshalweni se-Izhora futhi ahlonywa kabusha ngokuphelele, abese edluliselwa emasosheni. Futhi izimoto zempi kakade ngaphambili kancane kancane wakhumbula Petrograd esikhundleni zempi yabo. Ngokusobala, ukwanda kokuqina kwezikhali kufaka ukwanda kwesisindo, okube nomthelela omubi ezicini zabo eziguqukayo esezivele zinesizotha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izimoto zokulwa, ukuphambuka kweziteshi zozimele kwaqashelwa. I-drawback ephawulekayo kwakuwukuma kophahla lwendlu yomshayeli, okunciphisa umkhakha wokudubula kwezibhamu. Izimoto Armored "Austin" 2st uchungechunge Entwasahlobo ka-1915, kwaba sobala ukuthi izimoto zezikhali ezi-odwe eNgilandi zazinganele izidingo zamasosha. Futhi iKomidi Likahulumeni Wase-Anglo-Russian eLondon layalwa ukuba liqedele izinkontileka zokwakhiwa kwezimoto ezengeziwe zezikhali ngokusho kwamaphrojekthi aseRussia. Kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuDisemba, kwahlelwa ukuthi kwakhiwe izimoto ezihlomile zebutho laseRussia ezingu-236, kodwa empeleni ezingu-161 zakhiqizwa, ezingu-60 zazo eziwuchungechunge lwesibili. I-oda lemoto entsha yezikhali, ukuthuthukiswa okucatshangelwa ukushiyeka kochungechunge 1, yakhishwa ngo-March 6, 1915. I-chassis yeloli ye-1,5-ton enenjini engu-50 hp yasetshenziswa njengesisekelo. Uhlaka lwe-chassis kanye nomehluko kwaqiniswa. Lezi zimoto bekungadingeki ukuthi ziphinde zifakwe izikhali, ngoba izingqwembe zazo zazihlotshiswe ngamapuleti ezikhali angu-7 mm awugqinsi. Ukuma kophahla lwesakhiwo sashintshwa, kodwa umkhumbi ngokwawo waba mfushane, okwabangela ukuminyana endaweni yokulwa. Kwakungekho iminyango ngemuva kwesikebhe (ngenkathi izimoto zochungechunge 1 zinazo), okwakwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukugibela nokwehla kwabasebenzi, ngoba umnyango owodwa kuphela ohlangothini lwesobunxele wawuhloselwe lokhu. Phakathi kokushiyeka kwezimoto ezihlomile zalolu chungechunge olubili, singabala ukuntuleka kweposi elilawulayo. Ku-Series 2 Austins ifakwe ama-platoons kanye ne-Reserve Armored Company, kanti izimoto ezihlomile nazo zifakwe isicabha sangemuva. Ngakho, “I-Journal of Military Operations” ye-26th Machine Gun Automotive Platoon ithi: “Ngo-March 4, 1916, ukulawulwa kwesibili (okungemuva) kwemoto "uDeveli" kwaqedwa. Isilawuli siyafana nemoto yakwaChernomor ngekhebula elisuka ngaphansi kwesiteringi esingaphambili liye odongeni olungemuva lwemoto, lapho kwenziwa khona isiteringi.". Izimoto Armored "Austin" 3st uchungechunge Ngo-Agasti 25, 1916, kwayalelwa ezinye izimoto ezingama-60 zase-Austin zochungechunge lwesithathu. Izimoto ezintsha ezihlomile zazibheke kakhulu isipiliyoni sokusebenzisa ukulwa ochungechungeni lokuqala lokuqala. Isisindo sasingamathani angu-3, amandla enjini ayefana - 5,3 hp. Izimoto ezihlomile ze-50rd series zinesiteshi sokulawula ngemuva kanye nengilazi engangenwa izinhlamvu ezindaweni zokubuka. Uma kungenjalo, izici zabo zobuchwepheshe zihambisana nochungechunge lwe-3 lwezimoto ezihlomile. I-clutch mechanism, eyenziwe ngesimo sekhoni yesikhumba, yayiwukungalungi okukhulu всех “U-Austin.” Emhlabathini oyisihlabathi nodaka i-clutch yashelela, futhi ngenxa yemithwalo eyandayo ngokuvamile “yasha.” Ngo-1916, kwaqala ukulethwa kochungechunge lwesithathu lwe-Austins, futhi ehlobo lika-3, zonke izimoto ezihlomile zafika eRussia. Kwakuhlelwe ukuthi kufakwe i-oda lezinye izimoto ezingama-1917 70 Series, ezifakwe amasondo angemuva aphindwe kabili kanye nohlaka oluqinisiwe, olunosuku lokulethwa ngoSepthemba 3. Lezi zinhlelo azizange zenzeke, nakuba inkampani ithole i-oda lezimoto ezihlomile futhi yakhiqiza ezinye zazo. Ngo-April 1917, kwamiswa ibutho le-1918 le-British Tank Corps ngezimoto ezinjalo ezingu-16 ezihlomile. Lezi zimoto bezihlome ngezibhamu ezingama-17 mm Hotchkiss. Bahlanganyela ezimpini zaseFrance ehlobo lika-8. Njengoba sekushiwo ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko kuwebhusayithi yethu i-pro-tank.ru, "u-Austins" nabo babekhonza namabutho angaphandle. Izimoto ezimbili ezihlomile zochungechunge lwesithathu, ezithunyelwe ngo-3 zisuka ePetrograd ukusiza i-Finnish Red Guard, zazisebenza nebutho laseFinland kuze kube maphakathi nawo-1918s. Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-20s, ama-"Austin" amabili (noma amathathu) atholwa ibutho lamavukelambuso laseMongolia laseSukhbaatar. Imoto eyodwa ehlomile yochungechunge lwesithathu yayisemabuthweni aseRomania. Isikhathi esithile, "u-Austin" wochungechunge 20 "Zemgaletis" wahlanganiswa amabutho armored of the Republic of Latvia. Ngo-3, ama-Austins amane (uchungechunge olubili lwesi-2 kanye nolwesithathu) lwalutholakala ophikweni lwezempi lwase-Kokampf lwebutho laseJalimane. 1st uchungechunge Izici zamaqhinga nezobuchwepheshe zezimoto ezihlomile zase-Austin   1st uchungechunge Isisindo sokulwa, t 2,66 Abasebenzi, abantu 4 I-Габаритные размеры, мм   isikhathi 4750 ububanzi 1950 ukuphakama 2400 isondo 3500 umkhondo 1500 imvume yomhlaba 220  Ukubhuka, mm:   I-3,5-4; Uchungechunge lokuqala luthuthukisiwe - 1 Impi izibhamu ezimbili ezingu-7,62 mm "Ubukhulu" M. 10 Izinhlamvu Imijikelezo engama-6000 Injini: “Austin”, carburetor, 4-cylinder, in-line, liquid cooling, amandla 22,1 kW Amandla athile, kW / t 8,32 Ijubane elikhulu, km / h 50-60 ububanzi bamafutha, km 250 Umthamo kaphethiloli, l 98 2st uchungechunge Izici zamaqhinga nezobuchwepheshe zezimoto ezihlomile zase-Austin   2st uchungechunge Isisindo sokulwa, t 5,3 Abasebenzi, abantu 5 I-Габаритные размеры, мм   isikhathi 4900 ububanzi 2030 ukuphakama 2450 isondo   umkhondo   imvume yomhlaba 250  Ukubhuka, mm:   5-8 Impi izibhamu ezimbili ezingu-7,62 mm "Ubukhulu" M. 10 Izinhlamvu   Injini: “Austin”, carburetor, 4-cylinder, in-line, liquid cooling, amandla 36,8 kW Amandla athile, kW / t 7,08 Ijubane elikhulu, km / h 60 ububanzi bamafutha, km 200 Umthamo kaphethiloli, l   3st uchungechunge Izici zamaqhinga nezobuchwepheshe zezimoto ezihlomile zase-Austin   3st uchungechunge Isisindo sokulwa, t 5,3 Abasebenzi, abantu 5 I-Габаритные размеры, мм   isikhathi 4900 ububanzi 2030 ukuphakama 2450 isondo   umkhondo   imvume yomhlaba 250  Ukubhuka, mm:   5-8 Impi izibhamu ezimbili ezingu-8 mm "Gochkis" Izinhlamvu   Injini: “Austin”, carburetor, 4-cylinder, in-line, liquid cooling, amandla 36,8 kW Amandla athile, kW / t 7,08 Ijubane elikhulu, km / h 60 ububanzi bamafutha, km 200 Umthamo kaphethiloli, l   Imithombo: Kholyavsky G. L. "I-encyclopedia yezikhali nemishini. Izimoto ezihlomile ezinamasondo nezihamba kancane nezithwala izisebenzi ezihlomile”; Baryatinsky M. B., Kolomiets M. V. Izimoto ezihlomile zebutho laseRussia lika-1906-1917; Iqoqo lezikhali No. 1997-01 (10). "Izimoto ezihlomile zika-Austin." Baryatinsky M., Kolomiets M.; Umfanekiso wangaphambili. 2011 No. 3. "Izimoto ezihlomile zika-Austin eRussia."