Test drive Audi 100 LS, Mercedes 230, NSU Ro 80: inguquko nomsebenzi

Izingane ezintathu ezinamandla zonyaka we-1968 oneziyaluyalu, zigijimela phezulu.

Banqamula ubudlelwano neqembu labo - inkanyezi enamasilinda ayisithupha esikhundleni sikadizili we-rustic, i-avant-garde limousine esikhundleni se-Prinz encane, ikilasi lokunethezeka kwezemidlalo esikhundleni sesinye inzalo yomndeni onemivimbo emibili. Ukuvukela umbuso, njengoba wazi, kuqala emgwaqeni.

Wayeyisihlubuki, ingane yangempela eneminyaka engu-68, uphawu lokungalaleli komphakathi. Isibalo sakhe esilula esihle esinezilinganiso ezinhle kanye nokukhanya okuqondile kwe-Italian kwanqoba i-technocrat evela enyakatho. “Imoto enhle, imoto enhle kakhulu,” kusho indoda enkulu, ngenye indlela eqinile, icishe ibambe ongezansi, njengoba ihamba kancane izungeza imodeli yepulasitiki yesikali esingu-1:1 efihlwe ngemva kwekhethini.

I-Audi 100: ingane engadingeki

Ngaphambi kwalokhu, isikhulu sakwaVW uHeinrich Nordhof wayehlose ukuqedela ukukhiqizwa kochungechunge oluncane lwemodeli ye-Audi (60 - Super 90) okuthiwa yi-medium-pressure injini ukuze kuguqulwe i-Auto Union ese-Ingolstadt, eyatholwa nguDaimler ngo-1965- Benz, endaweni evamile yofudu. Ukuze kwandiswe umthamo wefekthri enyakaziswa yizinhlekelele, izimoto zakwaVolkswagen ezingu-300 zaziphuma emigqeni yazo nsuku zonke.

Ngokuphathelene nalezi zinhlelo, uNordhof wenqabela umklami omkhulu we-Audi uLudwig Kraus nethimba lakhe ukuba bahlanganyele kunoma yimiphi imisebenzi yokuthuthukisa imodeli entsha. Lokhu kwabonakala kungenakubekezelelwa ngemvelo kaKraus yokudala, futhi waqhubeka nokusebenza ekusithekeni. Phela uyena wesilisa okwathi ngokuthuthuka okukhaliphile, waphendula iDKW F 102 yaba yimoto eyayisalungele isikhathi sayo, i-Audi yokuqala enenjini engama-four-cylinder. Injini ilethelwe "njengesikhwama sokuthwala" ngumqashi wakhe wangaphambili u-Daimler-Benz, i-bbw esindayo engu-1,7-litre ebizwa ngeMexico, okwathi ngenxa yokucindezelwa kwayo okuphezulu okungu-11,2:1, yathathwa njengento ephambanayo phakathi. isigamu-kaphethiloli. , isemi-diesel.

Ku-Kraus, owaklama imicibisholo yesiliva ye-Mercedes eminyakeni edlule, umklamo wemoto wawunothando lwangempela. Ngokuncenga okukhulu, wancenga uNordhof kanye nenhloko ye-Audi Leading ngethemba lemoto entsha ekhangayo yochungechunge oluncane ezogcwalisa indawo yemakethe phakathi kwe-Opel-Ford ne-BMW-Mercedes: "Kuzoba yi-sporty, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo. ntofontofo, nenhle futhi ivulekile. Ngokuphelele okwengeziwe ngemininingwane nangobuciko obuningi be-Opel noma i-Ford. Kunamazinga amathathu wamandla nemishini esuka ku-80 kuya ku-100 hp. Singase sicabange nange-coupe,” kuphupha unjiniyela ozifelayo ngobuchwepheshe.

I-Audi 100 - "iMercedes yamasekela"

Ngenkathi imoto entsha enkulu igcina ukubungaza ukukhonjiswa kwayo embukisweni wezimoto iGeneva Motor Show ngo-1969, idlanzana labagxeki lathi bekuyiMercedes. Umoniker onokhahlo “iMercedes yamaPhini ezeNkosi” usabalale ngokushesha. ULudwig Krauss akakaze aphike ukuthi wayefunda esikoleni iStuttgart. Ngo-1963, wajoyina i-Auto Union ngemuva kweminyaka engama-26 eDaimler-Benz futhi wayesevele ephethe egazini lakhe zombili izimiso zokuhleleka ezimotweni ezinenkanyezi enamaphoyinti amathathu kanye nokunakekelwa okwakhayo kweMercedes ngayo yonke imininingwane. Namuhla, i-Audi 100 yokuqala sekuyisikhathi eside iphume ochungechungeni lwe-W 114/115, olwaziwa kakhulu nge-Linear Eight (/ 8). IDelft blue 100 LS, efakiwe ekuqhathaniseni kwethu, ngokuziqhenya ikhombisa ukuzimela kwayo kwezobuchwepheshe. Uhlobo oluneminyango emibili, olwethulwe ekwindla ngo-1969, lugcizelela ubuhle bemizila yalo.

IMercedes 230 eluhlaza okotshani manje emnyama ipakwe ngokuthula eduze kwemodeli ye-Ingolstadt. Ibukeka bukhulu kakhulu, kepha futhi inikezela ukuqina okukhulu kunesitayela sesimanjemanje se-Audi esingenankathazo, esibuye sibe namandla adonsela phansi kakhulu. Kwi-Audi 100, umkhiqizi ukhombisa ukusetshenziswa kokulingana kwe-Cx 0,38; nge-NSU Ro 80 eyedlulele kakhulu leli nani alingcono kakhulu (0,36).

Ubuso be-Audi bunobungani, cishe bumamatheka. Yize igqokise izindandatho ezine maphakathi ne-radiator grille, imoto ayikhokhi kakhulu isiko njengemodeli iMercedes, ebukeka ipholile futhi inkulu kuzo zonke izinhlangothi. Ekujuleni komphefumulo wakhe, endaweni ethile emathunjini enjini yakhe emnene eyisilinda enamabherethi amane amakhulu, ubuye abe ngoguqulwayo futhi amele "ukuphokophela okusha" ekwakhiweni nasekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo. Kwakungunyaka wemidlalo eyengeziwe ephalamende ngo-1968 lapho lesi sitayela sagcina ukunqoba eMercedes, sithatha indawo yobukhazikhazi bobukhazikhazi bama-limousine ahlawulisiwe okwethusa abaningi ababehlala njalo kuwo.

Izixazululo zobuchwepheshe eziguquguqukayo - "izinga esigabeni esiphezulu sesigaba esiphakathi."

Ngokobuchwepheshe, noma kunjalo, i-Audi 100 LS ikhululiwe kwaMercedes ngangokunokwenzeka. I-front-wheel drive ingeyesiko kwi-Auto Union njengokumiswa kwebha ye-torsion elula ngobuhlakani ku-ekseli langemuva. Ihlanganiswe neziphethu zesimanje ezihlanganiswe ngobumbano kanye nezinsimbi ezishaqisayo (ezinjengeMacPherson strut) ngaphambili, uKraus nethimba lakhe benze i-chassis ehlanganisa ukunethezeka kohambo olude lokumiswa nokugcinwa komgwaqo okuhle.

Kamuva, enguqulweni eguquliwe ka-1974, ukumiswa kwangemuva ngeziphethu ze-coaxial kanye ne-absorber absorbers kuzonikeza imoto ngisho nezimfanelo zemidlalo. Ngokuya nge-auto motor und sport comparative test eyenziwa ngonyaka ofanayo, imodeli “iyindlela yokulinganisa ukuphepha emgwaqeni engxenyeni ephezulu ephezulu”.

Ngisho nenjini yokuqala eyi-Audi 100 esezingeni eliphakathi ayisabukeki njengayo. Ku-1973 Delft blue LS, isebenza ngokulingana, futhi umculo ojulile, ogoqiwe kamnandi uvela kumqhafazo. Ngokuncipha okulandelanayo kwesilinganiso sokucindezelwa kuya ku-10,2 naku-9,7: 1, umsindo omubi, ongalinyiwe wanyamalala.

Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuzungeza okukhulu kwenhlanganisela yokusebenza ekhanda lesilinda elinokuhamba okuhamba phambili, injini ihlala inokonga ngokuya ngomqondo wokuklama futhi ithuthukisa umfutho onamandla wokusheshisa okuphakathi kusuka ku-2000 rpm. IVolkswagen ithuthukise ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo okuhamba ngesivinini esithathu igcina ubumnene bemvelo nokushayela okuphezulu kwenjini eyisi-cylinder enama-valve aphezulu kanye ne-camshaft engezansi. Ngokunikezwa kwegesi okucacile, ishintsha ngokulibaziseka okumnandi.

"Umugqa wesishiyagalombili" - i-provocateur ethambile ene-chassis entsha

I-230.6 Automatic esindayo futhi engalawuleki kunzima ukulandela ukukhanya neshesha i-Audi 100. I-Audi 230 yayo enkulukazi, ethi "Pagoda" (XNUMX SL) izwakala ishubile, lapha ihlala ibambekile futhi ihlebeza buthule iphimbo elivamile le-Mercedes. Azikho izici zezemidlalo - naphezu kwe-camshaft engaphezulu.

Amandla elitha we-injini eyisilinda ayisithupha anesizotha impela, ngakho-ke anempilo ende. Injini iyabhangqa kahle inemoto enkulu, esindayo ehamba kahle futhi ngaphandle kwezihibe, futhi noma uhamba ibangana nje edolobheni unikeza umshayeli umuzwa wokuthi ubesemgwaqweni isikhathi eside. Njalo ohambweni kuba uhambo. Lawa ngamandla ale 230 ahlome ngokucebe ngokwedlulele, okuthi, ngaphezu kwe-sunroof ezenzakalelayo ne-sunroof kagesi, anamawindi angaphambili, amafasitela anombala kanye nesiteringi sikagesi. Hhayi ubuningi kuphela, kodwa futhi nekhwalithi yokusebenza iyamangalisa. Kuyiqiniso, ingaphakathi le-Audi likhipha imfudumalo nokuqina okukhulu, kepha umuthi omncane wokhuni obukeka njengowesikhashana njengombala woqalo omsulwa wezihlalo onentaba enhle ne-velveteen upholstery.

Eqinisweni, i-W 114 iphinde ibe isishoshovu, nakuba isesimweni esithambile. Mayelana nesitayela se-chassis nobuchwepheshe, lesi yisibonelo senkathi entsha - ukuvalelisa ku-axle yangemuva e-oscillating kanye nokwethulwa okubalulekile kwamabhuleki angama-disc amane. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-Daimler-Benz ayisasileli emuva ngokushintshashintsha komgwaqo, kodwa isisondela ezingeni le-BMW le-axle yangemuva etshekile, lapho ukuthambekela kozwane nesondo kuhlale kuyisibonelo.

Ukuziphatha okulawulwa kalula ekhoneni, eduze komkhawulo wokudonswa, ngaphandle kokuthambekela okucijile kokuphakela, nokuqondiswa okuzinzile kokuhamba ngaphansi kwamabhuleki asindayo ngejubane eliphezulu kwenza i- "Linear Eight" ibe ngcono kune-S-Class ngaleso sikhathi. Azikho kumamodeli we-1968 aqhathanisiwe ame emgwaqweni othule kangaka, enentwasahlobo esindayo nesiminyene. Izimoto ezihamba phambili ezidonsa ngamasondo angaphambili zinokwesaba okukhulu, kepha ziyashesha.

Ro 80 - umshini wesikhathi esizayo

Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kwi-NSU Ro 80 ebhanana ephuzi, edlula abanye ekusingatheni nge-chassis yayo eyinkimbinkimbi equkethe ukumiswa kwangaphambili kwe-MacPherson strut ne-axle yangemuva etshekile. Okubalulekile lapha ukukhanya okufana nengane, ukushesha nokushesha kokujika, okugqugquzelwa uhlelo lwe-ZF lokuqondisa isenzo ngqo nge-rack ne-pinion. Amabhuleki nawo ayinkondlo. Ngezifiso zayo zobuchwepheshe, iRo 80 isikhumbuza iPorsche 911. Ngabe kwenzeka ngengozi ukuthi zombili lezi zimoto zigqoke amasondo e-Fuchs alloy? Futhi lokho okuphuzi ne-orange kuhamba kahle kokubili?

Kepha ngenhlonipho efanele, bangani abathandekayo be-Wankel motor, kufanele silivume iqiniso, noma ngabe likukhathaza. Ngemuva kwakho konke, akuyona injini eguqukayo yokujikeleza kepha ukuma kokusebenza okuhle kanye ne-chassis eyinkimbinkimbi enomuzwa omuhle womgwaqo okwenza i-NSU Ro 80 izizwe inethemba elikhulu nanamuhla. Ungayithanda kuphela injini enamandla, ikakhulukazi uma uke wayishayela iBMW 2500 phambilini. Umsindo ophakeme kakhulu wokukhumbula ucishe ufane nelinye lamasilinda amathathu awunhlangothi. Singaduduzeka ngeqiniso lokuthi ngaphandle kwenjini edidiyelwe, izinhlobo ezimbi kakhulu zaleso sikhathi bezingeke zakhiwe nhlobo.

Ukudluliswa kwejubane ezintathu, semi-automatic kanye no-semi-othomathikhi kuqinisekisa isipiliyoni sokushayela bushelelezi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kodwa-ke, ayifanele nakancane kulabo abanesifiso sokusebenzisa ama-revs aphezulu, futhi ababuthakathaka njenge-torque, injini ye-Wankel, eba namandla ngamagiya amahlanu kuphela.

I-Ro 80 ayikuthandi ukuhamba kwezimoto edolobheni elikhulu. Ukusheshisa kancane kwemoto enkulu, lapho amandla angu-115 hp adlala indima lapha. angeke kuthiwe kwanele. Umbuso wakhe umgwaqo onguthelawayeka, ogijima ngokuzolile futhi ngaphandle kokudlidliza lapho i-speedometer ibonisa u-160. Lapha, intekenteke futhi engahambisani nokudluliswa kwe-Wankel ngokuzumayo iba umngane othandekayo.

Izinhlamvu ezintathu ezihlukene zenza abangane

I-track ebanzi ne-wheelbase ende isiza i-Ro 80 ukuthi ihlale kahle emgwaqeni. Ngenxa yokuhleleka kwayo, imoto inokwaneliseka ngamalitha ayi-12 ngebanga elingamakhilomitha ayi-100, futhi injini ibhalwe ukuthi i-KKM 612 icula iculo ngomhlaba omusha omuhle nobulula obuyisimanga beWankel. I-rotor yayo eccentric ijikeleza ku-trochoid futhi, ngokungathi ngomlingo, iguqula njalo isikhala segumbi, okuholele ekuhambeni komsebenzi okushaywa unhlangothi. Awekho ama-jolts aphezulu naphansi adinga ukuguqulwa abe ukunyakaza okujikelezayo.

Ingaphakathi le-NSU Ro 80 libonisa ukusebenza okupholile, okucishe kube nzima. Ifana nohlamvu lwemoto ye-avant-garde, nakuba ukunethezeka okwengeziwe bekungafiseleka. I-upholstery emnyama iphuma kwi-Audi 100 GL futhi iyaqhubeka nokubukeka iqinile futhi imnandi uma uyithinta endaweni entsha. Kodwa i-Ro 80 akulona uhlobo lwemoto ethinta imizwa ongangena kuyo - ithathwa ngendlela ebaluleke kakhulu. IMercedes 230 ehloniphekile nayo ngeke iyifanele le njongo.

Eseduzane nenhliziyo yami i-Audi 100 enobungani. Ngaphandle kwale moto - ezalelwe ezinhlungwini, ibukelwa phansi kuze kube phakade futhi inesipho esingenakuphikwa - namuhla i-Audi ibingeke ibe khona nhlobo. Ngaphandle kwegama lemodeli yeVolkswagen kanokusho.

IDATHA LEZOBUCHWEPHESHE

I-Audi 100 LS (imodeli F 104), manuf. Ngo-1973

I-ENGINE Model M ZZ, injini epholile ene-cylinder in-line engine, ikhanda le-aluminium cylinder ekhanda, i-grey cast iron block, i-crankshaft enama-bearings ayisihlanu amakhulu, i-camshaft emaceleni (iqhutshwa ngochungechunge lwe-duplex), ama-valves we-offset, amalifti nezingalo ze-rocker , ama-piston ane-concave esiphongo, (i-Chiron principle) ukufuduka ngo-1760 cc (bore x stroke 3 x 81,5 mm), 84,4 hp ngo-100 rpm, max. 5500 Nm torque @ 153 rpm, 3200: 9,7 compression ratio, one Solex 1/32 TDID two-stage vertical vertical carburetor, ignition coil, 35 L engine engine.

UKUDLULISELWA KWAMANDLA. Idrayivu edonsa ngamasondo angaphambili enenjini phambi kwe-asi yegesi engaphambili nogearbox ngemuva kwayo, u-gearbox oshintshwayo onamagiya amane (Porsche sync), ozikhethela ngamagiya amathathu azishintshayo ane-torque converter (eyenziwe i-VW).

UMZIMBA KANYE NOKUPHILA Umzimba wensimbi ozisekelayo wangaphambili, i-asi engemuva eneziphethu ezixhunywe nge-coaxially kanye ne-shock absorbers (iMacPherson strut) nemivimbo emibili engunxantathu, isiqinisi, i-axle eyindilinga eyindilinga engemuva, imicu ye-longitudinal, intwasahlobo yethorsion kanye ne-torsion bar steering rack enerekhodi lamazinyo, idiski langaphambili, amabhuleki angemuva kwesigubhu, amadiski angu-4,5 J x 14, amasondo 165 SR 14.

IDIMENSIONS AND WEIGHT Length 4625 mm, width 1729 mm, height 1421 mm, front / rear track 1420/1425 mm, wheelbase 2675 mm, net weight 1100 kg, tank 58 l.

IZIMPAHLA ZOMBONO KANYE NEZINDLEKO Ubukhulu. isivinini 170 km / h, 0-100 km / h kumasekhondi ayi-12,5, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli (uphethiloli 95) 11,8 l / 100 km.

USUKU LOKUKHIQiza NEZINHLOBO I-Audi 100, (imodeli 104 (C1) kusuka ngo-1968 kuya ku-1976, izibonelo ezingama-827 474, ezingama-coupon angama-30 687.

IMercedes-Benz 230 (W 114), произв. Ngo-1970

I-ENGINE Model M 180, injini epholile emanzini emgqeni oyisilinda eyisithupha, ikhanda le-alloy cylinder ekhanyayo, ibhulokhi yensimbi engwevu, i-crankshaft enamabhere amane amakhulu, i-camshaft eyodwa ngaphezulu (eqhutshwa ngochungechunge lwe-duplex), ama-valve wokumisa afanayo, aqhutshwa rocker arms volume 2292 cm3 (bore x stroke 86,5 x 78,5 mm), 120 hp @ 5400 rpm, torque maximum 182 Nm @ 3600 rpm, compression ratio 9: 1, two Zenith 35/40 INAT two-stage vertical vertical carburetors, ignition coil, 5,5 l engine engine.

I-POWER GEAR Isondo elingemuva kwedrayivu, ukudluliswa kwejubane okuyi-4-manual, ukudluliswa kwe-5-speed noma i-4-speed automatic transmission nge-clutch wokubacindezela.

UMZIMBA KANYE NOKUPHILA Umzimba wensimbi wonke ozisekelayo, ozimele namaphrofayli aphansi ashiselwe emzimbeni, i-asi engemuva enamabhande wesifiso kabili kanye nemithombo yamakhoyili, izengezo ezingeziwe zenjoloba, isiqinisi, i-axle ejikelezayo engemuva, iziphethu ezithambekele ezintweni ezinwebekayo, isiqinisi, isiteringi nebhola isikulufa ukudluliswa, isiteringi esingeziwe, amabhuleki ama-disc anamasondo amane, amasondo angu-5,5J x 14, amathayi ayi-175 SR ayi-14.

IDIMENSIONS AND WEIGHT Length 4680 mm, width 1770 mm, height 1440 mm, front / rear track 1448/1440 mm, wheelbase 2750 mm, net weight 1405 kg, tank 65 l.

IZIMPAHLA ZOMBONO KANYE NEZINDLEKO Ubukhulu. isivinini 175 km / h, 0-100 km / h kumasekhondi ayi-13,2, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli (uphethiloli 95) 14 l / 100 km.

IDETHI YOKUKHIQISWA KANYE NOKUSEKEZWA Ububanzi bemodeli W 114/115, kusukela ku-200 D kuya ku-280 E, 1967–1976, amakhophi angu-1, okungamakhophi angu-840 kanye no-753/230 - 230.

NSU Ro 80, manuf. 1975 unyaka

IMOTOR Model NSU / Wankel KKM 612, injini yeWankel twin-rotor enamanzi okupholisa nokuncela okuphathelene nomgwaqo, umjikelezo womsebenzi onhlangothi-ezine, indlu yensimbi eyimpunga, ikamelo lama-trochoidal elinokumbozwa okusetshenzisiwe, amapuleti okuvalwa kwe-ferrotic, amakamelo ama-2 x 497 cm3, amalitha ayi-115. kusuka. ngo-5500 rpm, i-torque ephezulu engu-158 Nm ngo-4000 ngomzuzu, uhlelo lokugcotshwa okuphoqelelwe, uwoyela wezinjini 6,8 amalitha, ushintsho lwevolumu engu-3,6 wamalitha, ipompo lokulinganisa lokuthambisa okwengeziwe ngokulahleka kokusebenza. I-Solex 35 DDIC flow vertical-carburetor yamakamelo amabili ngesiqalo esizenzekelayo, i-high-voltage thyristor ignition, i-spark plug eyodwa endlini ngayinye, qeda ukuhlanzwa kwegesi ngepompo yomoya negumbi lokushisa, uhlelo lokukhipha ngepayipi elilodwa.

UKUDLULA AMANDLA Idrayivu yamasondo angaphambili, umshini ozishintshayo ozishintshayo - ozishintshayo ngamagiya amathathu oshintshwayo, i-automatic single plate dry clutch kanye ne-torque converter.

UMZIMBA NOKUPHILA Umzimba wensimbi ozisekelayo wangaphambili, i-asi engemuva eneziphethu ezixhunywe nge-coaxially kanye ne-shock absorbers (iMacPherson strut type), imichilo eguqukayo, isiqinisi, i-asi engemuva enezintambo ezitshekile, imithombo yamakhoyili, intambo eyengeziwe yenjoloba kanye nesondo lokushayela, amabhuleki amabili ka-hydraulic anamabhuleki ama-disc amane , umlawuli wamandla wamabhuleki, amasondo 5J x 14, amasondo 175 hp ishumi nane.

IDIMENSIONS AND WEIGHT Length 4780 mm, width 1760 mm, height 1410 mm, front / rear track 1480/1434 mm, wheelbase 2860 mm, net weight 1270 kg, tank 83 l.

IZIMPAHLA ZOMBONO KANYE NEZINDLEKO Ubukhulu. isivinini 180 km / h, 0-100 km / h kumasekhondi ayi-14, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli (uphethiloli 92) 16 l / 100 km.

ISIKHATHI SOKUKHIQIZA NOKUSEKEZWA NSU Ro 80 - kusukela ngo-1967 kuya ku-1977, ingqikithi yamakhophi angu-37.