I-antifreeze yemoto: umlando, ukwakheka nezeluleko

Okupholile, njengoba wazi, kanye ne-antifreeze, iyinhlanganisela yamakhemikhali ageleza eziteshini ezihlukahlukene zemoto, ngenhloso yokukhipha ukushisa kulezo zindawo ezikhiqiza ukushisa, ikakhulukazi enjinini, ukuze kugcinwe izinga lokushisa elivamile (kufika ku-90⁰C).

Kuncike ekutheni umjikelezo wesiqandisi usebenza ngendlela efanele, izinga kanye nekhwalithi yoketshezi kunconywa - lokhu kuzovimbela uketshezi ukuthi lufinyelele endaweni yokubilisa lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, impahla umphikisi igwema ukubanda kuketshezi emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nto futhi unesibopho ukuvikela izakhi imoto kusukela ukugqwala futhi kuvimbela ukwakheka limescale.

Umlando we-Antifreeze

Amanzi awuketshezi lokuqala olusetshenziswa ezinjinini ezipholile. Nokho, kwadingeka kutholakale ikhambi ukuze kugwenywe ukubanda. I-antifreeze yokuqala engezwe emanzini ngale njongo kwakuyi-methyl alcohol, eyaziwa nangokuthi "i-wood spirit", ifomula yayo yamakhemikhali ithi CH3-OH.

Nakuba le ngxube yayinendawo yokuqandisa ephansi kunaleyo yamanzi, yayekwa ngoba yabangela ukugqwala okukhulu futhi yahwamuka kalula ngenxa yokuthi kwasetshenziswa amasistimu ezimoto avulekile.

В Unyaka we-1959, Isazi samakhemikhali saseFrance Adolf Wurts ithuthukiswe ethylene glycol. Ekuqaleni, kwakungathandwa kakhulu, kodwa phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yokuqala kwaba yisisekelo sokuthuthukiswa kwe-antifreeze, eyayisetshenziselwa amathangi nezindiza zamasosha. Ukwakhiwa kwe-Antifreeze. Ngenkathi ifomula epholisayo ingahluka ngezwe nangomkhiqizi, ukuxubana okuyisisekelo kungokulandelayo:

• 45-75% amanzi adonswe phansi noma adonswe ngamanzi.
• 25-50% ethylene glycol.
• 3-8% izithasiselo (i-antifoam, i-preservatives, imibala, ama-antioxidants, i-corrosion inhibitors, njll.).

Njengamanje, endaweni epholile, evame ukusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwamanzi ayi-50%. Le fomula ingamelana namazinga okushisa aphakeme kusuka ku -37⁰C kuye ku-108⁰C. Ngokuya ngezinto ezisetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwazo, uhlobo lwazo lungahlukaniswa lube yi-organic, inorganic noma i-hybrid; le eyaziwa ngokuthi i-OCT (Acid Organic Technology).

I-antifreeze emotweni: izinganekwane kanye neqiniso

Kungani abenzi bethuthukisa imibala egqamile yama-coolants?

Kwezinye izimo, abashayeli bakhetha "i-antifreeze" yombala othile, ehlobanisa lo mbala nekhwalithi yengxube. Lo mbono wandile, kodwa umbono oyiphutha. I-Coolant icace njengamanzi, futhi iqiniso liwukuthi abakhiqizi bengeza imibala kuyo ngezinjongo zokuhlonza umkhiqizo. Leli yisu lokumaketha nje.

Kodwa-ke, umbala ogqamile waleli ketshezi ubalulekile kumhlangano wokusebenzela ngoba kwenza kube lula ukuthola ukuvuza kwesekethe.

Izeluleko Zensizakalo

Izincomo zabakhiqizi zokuhlolwa nokufakwa kwenye indawo kuncike ezimfanelweni zemoto ngayinye, yize kuvame ukwelulekwa ukuthi ziyisuse njalo (imvamisa njalo ngama-40.000 noma ama-60.000 km noma ngemuva kweminyaka emibili).

Kodwa-ke, kufanele ucabangele ukumiselela kukho konke ukushintshwa kwesizini, njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, ngokwesibonelo, uketshezi lungashintsha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukucatshangelwa okulandelayo kufanele kugcinwe engqondweni:

• Kuyadingeka ukuthi ukhethe uhlobo lwesipholisi esihambisana nedatha yedatha yezobuchwepheshe kanye nezincomo zomkhiqizi, ngoba uma kungenjalo ungalimaza imoto.

• Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-coolant ilahlekelwa izakhiwo zayo nokusebenza kwayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma ingxube ilahlekelwa izakhiwo zayo, injini ingashisa ngokweqile futhi lokhu kungaholela ekulimaleni okukhulu.

• Lapho izinga elipholile liphansi, kulimaza kakhulu nemoto. Ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka kuvuza, kuyadingeka ukuthi uye endaweni yokusebenzela ukuze uthole imbangela yokuvuza bese ugcwalisa idamu.

Imbangela enkulu yokuvuza ukugqokwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwama-O-rings nama-bushings, ayoma aqhume. Enye imbangela engaba khona yokwehluleka kungaba inkinga yokuvuza kudivayisi ekhawulela ukukhawulwa kwengcindezi.

• I-Antifreeze isakhi esibalulekile sokupholisa kahle injini nepompo yamanzi. Kungaba nezimbangela zokungasebenzi kahle kwenjini, ngenxa yokulahleka kokuphola, i-oxidation, noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-thermostat. Kwezinye izimo, ukulungisa ibhande lesikhathi kungadala nokuthi ipompo lingasebenzi kahle ngoba ukuminyana ngokweqile kwebhande kuzodala amandla we-radial ngokweqile, okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kuholele ukuvuza koketshezi noma ukulimaza ama-propeller blades.
• Uma kunesidingo, engeza epholile. Akunconyelwa ukuxuba iziphuzo ezinemibala ehlukene, ngoba uma lokhu kwenziwa, kuzoba nsundu futhi kungacaci ukuthi kungcolile noma kumane nje kuyinhlanganisela yemibala. Musa ukufaka amanzi ngendlela efanele ngoba angakha ama-calcium amana.

"I-Antifreeze" ngoba imoto ingenye ye- izingxenye eziyinhloko ukugcina imoto isesimweni esihle. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukucabangela izincomo zabakhiqizi kunoma iyiphi imoto, kufaka phakathi ukwakheka kokupholisa.