ama-absorber othusayo. Ukwakhiwa, ukuqinisekiswa kanye nezindleko

I-shock absorber iyisici esibalulekile ekwakhiweni kokumiswa cishe kwayo yonke imoto. Umsebenzi wayo ukudambisa ukudlidliza, ukusimamisa ithrekhi, nokubamba iziphethu endaweni. Kungukubonga kuye ukuthi isondo ligcina ukuxhumana njalo nendawo. Ngakho-ke ake sihlole ukuthi yakhiwe kanjani nokuthi yini okufanele yenziwe lapho ithuthukiswa?

ama-absorber othusayo. Umgomo wokusebenza

I-shock absorber isabalalisa isisindo se-sprung mass emasondweni emoto yethu ngokushaya ngesibhakela esifanele kanye ne-stamping damping. Ama-absorber ashaqisayo kanye neziphethu zithuthukisa umzimba wemoto kuzo zonke izimo ukuze ikwazi ukubamba kahle phezulu kuyilapho igcina ukunethezeka ngenkathi ushayela. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, onjiniyela eminyakeni eminingi edlule bakha izinhlobo ezimbili zokudonsa ukushaqeka: ezithambile neziqinile (ezemidlalo).

Ithambile, idlulisa ukudlidliza okuncane ukusuka kuquqaba olungakavuthwa kuya emiqulwini futhi inikeze ukunethezeka okungcono kokushayela, okuthi, ngeshwa, kuhumushe ekuphathweni kwemoto okubi kakhulu lapho ijika amakhona. Ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukisa ukuhamba kwamasondo kwezinye izimoto, njengezimoto zezemidlalo, kusetshenziswa ama-absorber aqinile, okuqinisekisa ukunyakaziswa okuncane komzimba, kodwa, ngeshwa, ngokuncishiswa kokuncipha kwama-bumps.

ama-absorber othusayo. I-oil shock absorber

Lolu wuhlobo lokuqala lwesici esichazwayo, i.e. uhlobo lwesilinda eligcwaliswe ngokuqinile ngamafutha we-hydraulic. I-piston ifakwe ngaphakathi, ehlukanisa isikhala sibe ngamakamelo amabili ahlukene nama-valve, ngenxa yokuthi amafutha angageleza phakathi kwawo, futhi anquma isivinini se-piston. I-valve ekhethwe kahle iqinisekisa ukuthi amandla okudambisa ahlukaniswa ngokucindezelwa nokushuba. Inzuzo engangabazeki yama-absorber shock uwoyela ukuvuselelwa kwawo okulula nokusebenza okuthambile. Ububi buhlanganisa isisindo esikhulu kanye nokuphendula kancane lapho ushayela emabhampa.

ama-absorber othusayo. I-oil-gas shock absorber

Isakhiwo sawo sifana ne-oil shock absorber, kodwa iqukethe igesi, i-nitrogen, ukuze ibe ncamashi, namafutha we-hydraulic. Kulokhu kumiswa, uwoyela uminyanisa kuphela lapho umzimba utsheke kakhulu. Lapho sinqoba ama-bumps, igesi kuphela isebenza, ehlinzeka ngokudonsa okungcono. I-oyela/i-gas damper ilula futhi inikeza ithuba lesenzo esiqhubekayo. Ngeshwa, ukuvuselelwa kwayo akunakwenzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-absorber enjalo yokushaqeka ijwayele ukulimala, futhi okubi nakakhulu, ingxenye entsha ayishibhile. 

ama-absorber othusayo. Izimpawu zokuguga nokuhlola

Ama-shock absorber aphila kanzima emigwaqeni yethu. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zokuguga kwamasondo ukwenyuka komzimba, isici "sokutshuza" kwemoto lapho ibhreka, ukuvuza kukawoyela we-hydraulic, ukuguga okungalingani, nokudluliswa kokudlidliza ngokweqile, ukungqongqoza noma ukuklewula lapho ushayela endaweni engalingani.

Kungcono ukuqala ukuhlola ngokubheka ukuvuza kwe-shock absorber noma ukugqwala kwepiston. Uma ubona uwoyela, lokhu kuwuphawu lokuthi umonakalo ungasoleka. Kodwa-ke, kungcono ukuthintana neshabhu noma isiteshi sokuxilonga, lapho uchwepheshe ezonquma izinga lokugqoka futhi ngokunokwenzeka afanelekele ingxenye yokushintshwa. Ukuhlola ukusebenza kwe-shock absorbers kungenziwa emshinini okhethekile, okuthi, ngeshwa, ngezinye izikhathi unikeze imiphumela engalungile. Lapho engena esiteshini, amasondo enziwa ukuba adlidlize, alandelwe yisilinganiso. Umphumela utholakala njengephesenti, ngokunembile, amandla okunamathela ane-substrate ehambayo. Amaphesenti ngeke anqume ngokugcwele ukusebenza kwe-shock absorber, njengoba umphumela uncike ezingxenyeni eziningi, njengomthwalo wemoto noma ukusatshalaliswa okukhulu.

Kulesi simo, okuningi kuncike ezingeni lokugqoka kwezinye izakhi zokumiswa, i.e. iziphethu noma izakhi zerabha zensimbi, ukuphakama kwephrofayili yesondo nokucindezela. Izingcindezi zamasondo eziphansi kakhulu zizokwandisa ukusebenza, kanti amathayi aphezulu kakhulu azokwehlisa ukusebenza. Ngakho-ke, i-damper esebenzayo ingafinyelela ku-40% kanye no-70%. Inani elingaphezu kwama-60% lithathwe njengokusebenza kahle okuphezulu. Ngamafuphi, isiteshi sokuxilonga asibheki kakhulu ukusebenza kwezithasiselo zokushaqeka njengomehluko phakathi kwamasondo e-axle enikeziwe.  

Ukuphila kwenkonzo kokubili uwoyela kanye negesi-uwoyela shock absorbers kulinganiselwa ku-mileage 60-100 amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane. km. Nokho, iqiniso liwukuthi ukuqina kwemoto kuncike endleleni imoto esetshenziswa ngayo, izinga lomgwaqo nendlela yokushayela yomshayeli.

ama-absorber othusayo. Izinhlelo zosizo lwabashayeli

Kuyafaneleka ukwazi ukuthi izinto ezinciphisa ukushaqeka nazo zinomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kahle kwamasistimu okusiza ukushayela nge-elekthronikhi njenge-ABS noma i-ESP.

Bheka futhi: Yiziphi izimoto ezingashayelwa ezinelayisense yokushayela esezingeni B?

Lapho i-shock absorber ilimele futhi isondo lingasuki ngendlela efanele emgwaqeni, lingabangela amasignali okufakwayo okuyiphutha kusilawuli. Okuthi esimweni esiphuthumayo kuzoholela ekwenyukeni kwebanga lokuma kanye nokwehluleka ukuthola usizo olwanele uma kwenzeka ushushuluza.

ama-absorber othusayo. Ukuhwebelana

Umthetho wokuqala futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo obaluleke kakhulu ukufaka esikhundleni se-shock absorbers ngamabili (ku-axis enikeziwe), okusho ukuthi uma, isibonelo, i-absorber yangaphambili yesokunxele yonakalisiwe, kwesokudla kufanele futhi kushintshwe. Lokhu kungenxa yemininingwane yokusebenza kwazo. I-elementi entsha inokusebenza okuhlukile kunengxenye endala, okuholela ekugibeleni okuhlukile nokusabela kumabhampa. Kuyafaneleka ukukhetha ama-absorber amasha ngokuphelele. Ukufakwa kwezingxenye ezisetshenzisiwe kuhlotshaniswa nengozi enkulu, ngoba ukumiswa kanye nesistimu ye-brake yizingxenye lapho ukuphepha kwethrafikhi kuncike ngokuqondile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunconywa ukufaka esikhundleni sazo zonke izinhlobo zemicamelo, ama-bearings nesembozo kanye nama-absorber shock. Ngaphambi kokuthenga, kufanele ufunde imibono yabasebenzisi nama-workshops mayelana nengxenye ekhethiwe. Okushintshwayo okushibhile, okuvame ukuba nesikhathi esifushane kakhulu sokuphila, kufanele kugwenywe.

ama-absorber othusayo. Izindleko

Izindleko ezilinganiselwe zokushintsha ama-absorbers amabili angaphambili (emotweni edumile) cishe i-PLN 200, kanye nama-absorber angemuva - ukusuka ku-PLN 100 kuya ku-200. Ngezansi kunezibonelo zamanani esethi yama-absorber angaphambili we-asikilisi yangaphambili.

• IVolkswagen Passat B5 1.9 TDI: PLN 320
• I-Audi A4 B7 1.8T: PLN 440
• I-Opel Astra G Estate 1.6: PLN 320
• IVolkswagen Golf VI 2.0 TDI: PLN 430
• I-BMW 3 (e46) 320i: PLN 490
• I-Renault Laguna II 1.9 dCi: PLN 420

ama-absorber othusayo. Isifinyezo

I-shock absorber iyingxenye engaphansi kokuguga kwemvelo. Ukunethezeka nokuphepha kokuhamba ngokuqondile kuncike kukho, futhi lokhu akufanele kukhohlwe. Izimpawu zokuqala zokukhula kwayo akufanele zishaywe indiva, njengoba imiphumela yokunganakwa ingaba buhlungu. Akukho ukushoda kwezingxenye ezisele, kufanelekile ukukhetha umkhiqizo oqinisekisiwe, nakuba ubiza kancane.

Bheka futhi: Lena yindlela i-Opel Corsa yesizukulwane sesithupha ebukeka ngayo.