I-Alfa Romeo Spider. Umbukiso webhrendi
Lapho isentsha, kwakuyisiphakamiso esinesibindi semoto yokuzijabulisa. Isibindi kakhulu kwabanye. Indima yefilimu nokuhamba kwesikhathi kwashintsha yonke into. I-Alfa Spider ibonakale iphile isikhathi eside kakhulu. Iningi lezimbangi nezintatheli eziningi ezilengise izinja kuye basindile.
AmaNtaliyane aliqhathanisela ngamandla nethambo le-cuttlefish (isiNtaliyane: osso di seppia), ulwelwesi olude olusemhlane emzimbeni we-cephalopod. Abalimi baseCanary bayazi ukuthi kuyini. Ithambo le-Cuttlefish lifakwa emakhejini ezinyoni njengomthombo we-calcium, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuzala, ukucwiliswa kanye nokuvuthwa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lesi siteketiso sanamathela esizukulwaneni sokuqala se-Spider futhi salahlekelwa ukuphimisela kwaso okungekuhle.
Ingxenye yekhulu leminyaka edlule, ukwakheka kwe-Alfa Romeo Spider kungase kushaqise, ikakhulukazi uma kuqhathaniswa nabashayeli bemigwaqo bendabuko base-British bangaleso sikhathi. Yayilula, inamalambu amise okweqanda, futhi indawo ende yangemuva nengaphakathi elifushane yayenza ilingane nesikebhe esinenjini.
I-silhouette yaklanywa yi-studio ye-Pininfarina, eyacacisa ngesibindi ukubunjwa kwezimoto, ithembele ku-aesthetics "yeminyaka ye-athomu". Imikhondo ye-Spider yakamuva ingatholakala ochungechungeni lwe-Super Flow lwama-prototypes asuka engxenyeni yesibili yawo-50s, imizimba yawo eyisicaba enendlu esobala emboze i-cockpit (nokwengeziwe) eyenza kubukeke sengathi amasondo ayibophela phansi abesikhashana nje. izengezo.
Ukuqala kwe-Alfa Spider kwenzeka e-Geneva Motor Show entwasahlobo ka-1966. Yamukelwa ngokuzithiba, nakuba kwakubonakala sengathi izimoto eziningi zomjaho kanye nokwethulwa kwe-Jaguar E ngo-1961 kwajwayela umphakathi izinhlobo ze-"pancake" zemoto. umzimba. Ngenhlanhla, impumuzo yavela emakethe ebalulekile "yentsha enesabelomali sango-1967": i-US. Ngo-XNUMX, ngaphambi nje kukaKhisimusi, umdlalo othi "The Graduate" waphuma ezikrinini no-Dustin Hoffman othakazelisayo kanye nemoto yakhe enhle ezindimeni eziholayo. I-Alfa Romeo ebomvu yayibukeka iyinhle njengo-Anne Bancroft njengoNkk. Bancroft. Robinson, futhi wahamba ngendlela ekhohlisayo. Le moto yadonsa amehlo, nakuba ukukhiqizwa kwayo kwaminyaka yonke kungakaze kweqe izibalo ezine.
Ezimweni ezinhle kakhulu, ngo-1991 babengu-907 3 kubo. Isidingo sasincike kakhulu esimweni somnotho emakethe yase-US futhi sasiguquguquka kanye naso. Phakathi nenhlekelele yango-1981, kwakhiwa ama-triple angu-165 kuphela.
Isicabucabu sahlala sintanta ngoba sasiwumthombo omuhle wemali engenayo futhi "ithuluzi lokumaketha". Yakhiwe kusetshenziswa izakhi ze-Giulia ethandwayo, kuhlanganise ne-chassis efinyeziwe, ngakho kwakungabizi ukuyikhiqiza. Ibinokumiswa okuzimele kwe-double wishbone ngaphambili. Ngemuva bekukhona i-ekseli eqinile enamathambo okufisa nokuxhumanisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, womabili ama-axles ayenemithombo yamakhoyili nama-telescopic shock absorbers. Amabhuleki ama-disc ayekuwo wonke amasondo. Injini enamasilinda amane ihambisana no-gearbox onamagiya amahlanu zisuka nje. Maphakathi nawo-60s, lezi kwakuyizixazululo zesimanje ezazingavamile ukubonakala, ikakhulukazi kusethi ephelele. Into eyinhloko eyayikhuluma nabashayeli kwakuyi-aura yemoto. Ubuhle bayo, i-sportypipe spike nokunye okuhle kakhulu imoto engenalo uphahla.
Isicabucabu sasiwumbukiso womkhiqizo. Wayefuna ukwenza izimoto okwakujabulisa ukuzishayela, futhi leyo kwakuyimodeli eyayijabulisa inala. Wayeshesha, kodwa engasheshi kakhulu. Ngokungafani nabanye abakwa-Alf Romeos, isikhathi esiningi bebengaqhudelani nomdlandla wokuthola imiphumela ephezulu kwezezimoto. Okuthile okwenze abashayeli bancamele ukuyisebenzisela uhambo lokungakhathali, kunokulwa ingxenye eyikhulu yesekhondi.
Ekuqaleni bekunikezwa i-1600 Duetto nge-109 hp. yathathelwa indawo ngo-1967 i-1750 Veloce enama-118 hp. (e-USA ngisho 1 hp) kanye 32 Junior nge 1 hp. ngo 300. Kusukela lapho kuze kube sekupheleni, uhla Spider yayihlanganisa ezimbili ongakhetha. : buthaka futhi bunamandla. Ukubukeka kuye kwalungiswa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kufane namathrendi amanje. Ushintsho olucacile kwakuwumhlane oyisicaba, onqanyulwe abaklami ngo-'89. AmaNtaliyane abiza le nguqulo "coda tronca" - umsila omfushane. Ngo-1968, uchungechunge lwango-1969a lwashiya izembozo zokukhanya okukhanyayo ezinezingubo zepulasitiki. Noma kunjalo, zazisetshenziswa e-Europe kuphela, izimoto ezithunyelwa e-USA zazingenazo. AmaJalimane akhuluma ngesizukulwane sesithathu se-Spider "Gummilippe", okusho ukuthi "izindebe zenjoloba".
Izinguquko ezenziwe ngaphansi kwengcindezi yemfashini yesikhashana kanye nemithetho yezokuphepha yaseMelika ayizange inezele njalo ubuhle emotweni. Kungakho imodeli yangaphambi kuka-1969 enengemuva eliyindilinga yaziswa kakhulu. AmaNtaliyane abhekiselwa kuye esizukulwaneni sakamuva se-1990-9 Spider 3, egcinwe esigabeni sezimoto "esingaziwa". Zingcono kakhulu kuneVolkswagen New Beetle, ngokwesibonelo, kangangokuthi ziphuma ngqo kweyangempela. Njengengxenye yochungechunge lwakamuva, u-Alfa unikeze abantu baseMelika isipho esiyizingcezu ezingu-190 zesikhumbuzo seminyaka yonke Spider Veloce CE (I-Commemorative Edition). Ngamunye wabo wayenebheji elinenombolo kudeshibhodi. Banikezwa "njengemodeli ka-1994". Bekukhona nochungechunge olukhethekile, kuhlanganisa. "Niki Lauda" ngo-1978 kanye "Bote" ngo-1991, liphefumulelwe French fashion umklami Jean-Louis Scherrer.
Ochungechungeni lwesine, okokuqala ngqa, i-3-speed "automatic" yanikezwa njengenketho. Ngaphambilini, imboni yaqala ukunikeza i-hard top ekhishwayo. Kwakukhona nenguqulo ye-Targa, enophahla olukhishwayo phezu kwezihlalo. Inketho ye-2 + 2 nayo yakhanya ekunikezeni, okungazange kuhlale kufudumele isikhathi eside, njengoba isihlalo sangemuva singavumeli ukufakwa kwamabhande ezihlalo.
Cishe eminyakeni engama-30, kwakhiwe izicabucabu ezingu-124. Inzuzo ye-Alpha ayikho "ngobuningi", kodwa "kwikhwalithi". Ukhunjulwa ngabantu, okufakazelwa yisibalo seziteketiso eziqanjwa ezizukulwaneni ezithile zakhe. Cishe wonke ama-Alpha aheha ukunaka, kodwa iSicabucabu kuphela esinobuhle obuningi base-Italian, obungathobeki, obuzibekile.
Izikhathi ezine
Isicabucabu sakhiqizwa iminyaka engu-27. Kwadalwa izizukulwane ezine. Eyokuqala engu-1a "osso di seppia" kusukela ngo-1966-69 yayinomhlane oyindilinga. I-2a ka-1969-81 yayinombhalo omfishane, osikwe ngokujwayelekile othi "Kamma back". I-"Aerodinamica" 3a ka-1982-89, eyaziwa nangokuthi "i-duck rump", yasikwa ngepulasitiki emnyama futhi yafakwa isiphangi esikhulu ngemuva.
I-4a yesine "Ultima" ka-1990-93 ibuyele ekuhlanzekeni kokuqala. Nakuba athola obhampa abakhulu, babependwe ngombala womzimba. Umgqomo, onomugqa wamalambu amancane agijima kubo bonke ububanzi bawo, utsheke kahle futhi ugobele emaceleni.
Spider ifakwe izinjini 4-cylinder nge displacement (oyindilinga) of 1300, 1600, 1750 futhi 2000 cm3 izinguqulo eziningana. Ebuthakathaka ifinyelele ku-89, enamandla kakhulu i-132 hp.
Duet ezimbili
Lesi sidlaliso esingekho emthethweni sasizoba igama lemodeli. Yakhethwa emncintiswaneni, kodwa, ngeshwa, kwavela ukuthi enye inkampani yayigodlile. Isetshenziselwa ukuchaza inguqulo yokuqala ngenjini engu-1600. Igama elithi Junior lalisetshenziselwa ukubhekisela ezinguqulweni zakamuva ezinezinjini ezibuthakathaka, i-Veloce enamandla kakhulu. Ngo-1986, kwavela i-Quadrifoglio Verde (i-Italian four-leaf clover) ibhekisela ezimotweni zomjaho. E-US, kusukela ngo-1985 kuya ku-1990, "Iziqu" ezinesizotha nazo zathengiswa.
Julia, Juliet...
Izinjini zesicabucabu zazinomona. Ayenama-alloy block nekhanda elikhanyayo, nama-camshaft angaphezulu amabili (DOHC), kodwa ama-valve amabili kuphela isilinda. Inkampani iwasebenzise ekulungiseni okuningi kumamodeli ahlukahlukene. Avele enjinini engu-1290 cc twin-shaft. cm, eyethulwa ngonyaka wesi-3 ku-Alfa Romeo Giulietta. Zayekiswa ukusebenza ngo-1954 kuphela, futhi izinguqulo zokugcina, ezifakwe kumamodeli we-Alfa ka-1994, 75 kanye no-155, zinezikhathi zevalve eziguquguqukayo, umjovo we-elekthronikhi kanye namapulaki ezinhlansi ezimbili isilinda (Twin Spark).
Idatha yobuchwepheshe ekhethiwe ye-Alfa Romeo Spider
| Imodeli | Spider 1600 Uchungechunge lweDuet 1a | Fast Spider 2000 uchungechunge 2a | Spider 2.0 uchungechunge 4a |
| Incwadi Yonyaka | 1966 | 1975 | 1994 |
| Uhlobo lomzimba / Inani leminyango | isicabucabu/2 | isicabucabu/2 | isicabucabu/2 |
| inani lezihlalo | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Ubukhulu nesisindo | |||
| Ubude Ububanzi/ ubude (mm) | 4250/1630/1290 | 4120/1630/1290 | 4258/1630/1290 |
| Ithrekhi yamasondo ngaphambili / ngemuva (mm) | 1310/1270 | 1324/1274 | 1324/1274 |
| Isisekelo samasondo (mm) | 2250 | 2250 | 2250 |
| Isisindo Sakho (kg) | 990 | 1040 | 1110 |
| емкость isiqu (l) | 230 | 300 | 300 |
| емкость ithangi likaphethiloli (l) | 46 | 51 | 46 |
| Isistimu yeDrayivu | |||
| Uhlobo lwamafutha | uphethiloli | uphethiloli | uphethiloli |
| Inani lamasilinda | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| емкость injini (cm3) | 1570 | 1962 | 1962 |
| i-ekseli yokushayela | emuva | emuva | emuva |
| Uhlobo lwebhokisi / inani lamagiya | incwadi / 5 | incwadi / 5 | incwadi / 5 |
| Ukukhiqiza | |||
| Amandla (hp) ngo-rpm | I-109 ku-6000 | I-128 ku-5300 | I-126 ku-5800 |
| I-Torque (Nm) ngo-rpm | I-139 ku-2800 | I-186 ku-3500 | I-167 ku-4200 |
| ukusheshisa 0-100 km/h(amahora) | 10,3 | 9 | 9 |
| Isivinini umkhawulo (km/h) | 185 | 192 | 192 |
| Isilinganiso petrol (l/100 km) | 9 | 10,4 | 8,7 |
