Izindiza zase-Argentina
I-Aerolíneas Argentinas iyindiza yokuqala yaseNingizimu Melika ukwamukela i-Boeing 737-MAX 8.
Okufanekiselwe: indiza yalethwa eBuenos Aires ngoNovemba 23, 2017. NgoJuni 2018, 5 B737MAX8s yasebenza kulayini, ngo-2020 inkampani yenethiwekhi izothola 11 B737s kule nguqulo. Izithombe ze-Boeing
Umlando wezokuthutha ngendiza ezweni lesibili ngobukhulu eNingizimu Melika uhlehlela emuva cishe eminyakeni eyikhulu. Iminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa, inkampani yezindiza enkulu kunazo zonke yezwe kwakuyi-Aerolíneas Argentinas, ebhekane nokuncintisana kwezinkampani ezizimele ezizimele ngesikhathi kuthuthukiswa imakethe yezindiza zomphakathi. Ekuqaleni kwawo-90, inkampani yase-Argentina yayizimele, kodwa ngemva kokuguqulwa okungaphumelelanga, yaphinde yawela ezandleni zomgcinimafa kahulumeni.
Imizamo yokuqala yokusungula ukuhamba kwezindiza e-Argentina ihlehlela emuva ku-1921. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho i-River Plate Aviation Company, ephethwe u-Major Shirley H. Kingsley, owayengumshayeli wendiza ku-Royal Flying Corps, yaqala khona ukundiza isuka e-Buenos Aires iya e-Montevideo, e-Uruguay. I-Military Airco DH.6s isetshenziselwe ukuxhumana, futhi kamuva izihlalo ezine DH.16. Ngaphandle komjovo wemali kanye nokushintshwa kwegama, inkampani yaphuma ebhizinisini eminyakeni embalwa kamuva. Ngawo-20 kanye nawo-30, imizamo yokusungula isevisi yezindiza evamile e-Argentina yayihlale ingaphumeleli. Isizathu kwakuwukuncintisana okunamandla kwezinye izindlela zokuthutha, izindleko eziphezulu zokusebenza, amanani aphakeme amathikithi noma izithiyo ezisemthethweni. Ngemva kwesikhathi esifushane somsebenzi, izinkampani zokuthutha zasheshe zavala imisebenzi yazo. Kwaba njalo endabeni kaLloyd Aéreo Córdoba, esizwa ngabakwaJunkers, ababesebenza e-Córdoba ngo-1925-27 ngokusekelwe kuma-F.13 amabili kanye ne-G.24 eyodwa, noma maphakathi nawo-30s Servicio Aéreo Territorial de Santa Cruz, Sociedad I-Transportes Aéreos (STA) kanye ne-Servicio Experimental de Transporte Aéreo (SETA). Isiphetho esifanayo sehlela amakilabhu endizayo amaningana asebenzela ukuxhumana kwendawo ngeminyaka yawo-20.
Inkampani yokuqala ephumelelayo eyagcina imisebenzi yayo yezindiza ezweni isikhathi eside kwakuyinkampani yezindiza eyakhiwe ngohlelo lwe-French Aéropostale. Ngawo-20, inkampani yathuthukisa ezokuthutha zeposi ezafinyelela engxenyeni eseningizimu yezwekazi laseMelika, lapho ukuxhumana ne-Europe kwenziwa khona kusukela ekupheleni kweminyaka eyishumi. Iqaphela amathuba amasha ebhizinisi, ngoSepthemba 27, 1927, inkampani yasungula i-Aeroposta Argentina SA. Ulayini omusha waqala ukusebenza ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa zokulungiselela nokusebenza kwezindiza eziningana ngo-1928, okwaqinisekisa ukuthi kungenzeka kube nezindiza ezivamile emizileni ehlukene. Ngaphandle kwemvume esemthethweni, ngoJanuwari 1, 1929, amaLatécoère 25 amabili aphethwe umphakathi athatha indiza engekho emthethweni esuka esikhumulweni sezindiza iGeneral Pacheco Airport eBuenos Aires eya e-Asuncion eParaguay. Ngomhla ziyi-14 kuJulayi wonyaka ofanayo, izindiza zeposi zaqaliswa zinqamula i-Andes ziya eSantiago de Chile kusetshenziswa izindiza ze-Potez 25. Phakathi kwabashayeli bezindiza bokuqala ukundiza emizileni emisha kwakukhona, ikakhulukazi, u-Antoine de Saint-Exupery. Wabuye waphatha iLatécoère 1 1929 November 25, evula insizakalo ehlangene evela eBuenos Aires, Bahia Blanca, San Antonio Oeste naseTrelew esikhungweni sikawoyela saseComodoro Rivadavia; amamayela okuqala angu-350 ukuya e-Bahia ahanjwa ngesitimela, lonke uhambo kwakungesendiza.
Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-30s kanye nama-40s, izinkampani ezintsha ezimbalwa zavela emakethe yezokuthutha yase-Argentina, okuhlanganisa i-SASA, i-SANA, i-Corporación Sudamericanna de Servicios Aéreos, ephethwe uhulumeni wase-Italy, noma i-Líneas Aéreas del Sudoeste (LASO) kanye ne-Líneas Aéreas del Noreste ( LANE), eyakhiwe indiza yezempi yase-Argentina. Izinkampani ezimbili zokugcina zahlangana ngo-1945 futhi zaqala ukusebenza njenge-Líneas Aéreas del Estado (LADE). Umsebenzisi wezempi usaqhuba izinto zokuhamba ngendiza ezijwayelekile kuze kube yilolu suku, ngakho-ke iyinkampani endala esebenza e-Argentina.
Namuhla, i-Aerolíneas Argentinas iyinkampani yezindiza yesibili enkulu kunazo zonke ezweni. Umlando wenkampani yezindiza uhlehlela emuva kuma-40s, futhi ukuqala komsebenzi wayo kuxhumene nezinguquko emakethe yezokuthutha emoyeni kanye nezinguquko zezepolitiki. Kufanele kukhulunywe ekuqaleni ukuthi ngaphambi kuka-1945, izindiza zakwamanye amazwe (ikakhulukazi i-PANAGRA) zazijabulela inkululeko enkulu yokuhweba e-Argentina. Ngaphezu kokuxhumana namazwe ngamazwe, bangasebenza phakathi kwamadolobha angaphakathi kwezwe. Uhulumeni akaneme ngalesi sinqumo futhi wakhuthaza ukuthi izinkampani zasekhaya zikwazi ukulawula ukuhamba kwezindiza. Ngaphansi kwemithetho emisha eyaqala ukusebenza ngo-April 1945, imizila yendawo yayingaqhutshwa amabhizinisi kahulumeni kuphela noma igunyazwe umnyango wezokundiza wenkampani, okwakungezakhamuzi zase-Argentina.
I-ALFA, i-FAMA, i-ZONDA ne-Aeroposta - ezine ezinhle zasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-40s.
Uhulumeni uhlukanise izwe izifunda eziyisithupha, ngasinye sazo esingase sisetshenziswe enye yezinkampani ezikhethekile ezisebenzisana namasheya. Njengomphumela womthethonqubo omusha, izinkampani ezintathu zezindiza ezintsha zingene emakethe: i-FAMA, i-ALFA ne-ZONDA. Imikhumbi yokuqala, igama layo eliphelele i-Argentina Fleet Aérea Mercante (FAMA), yadalwa ngoFebhuwari 8, 1946. Ngokushesha waqala ukusebenza esebenzisa izikebhe ezindizayo ze-Short Sandringham, ezathengwa ngenhloso yokuvula ukuxhumana neYurophu. I-Line yaba inkampani yokuqala yase-Argentina ukwethula uhambo lwe-transcontinental. Imisebenzi eya eParis naseLondon (nge-Dakar), eyethulwe ngo-August 1946, yayisekelwe ku-DC-4. Ngo-Okthoba, iMadrid yayisebalazweni le-FAMA, kwathi ngoJulayi wonyaka olandelayo, iRoma. Le nkampani iphinde yasebenzisa i-British Avro 691 Lancacastrian C.IV kanye ne-Avro 685 York C.1 kwezokuthutha, kodwa ngenxa yokunethezeka okuphansi kanye nemikhawulo yokusebenza, lezi zindiza azisebenzi kahle emizileni emide. Imikhumbi yenkampani yezindiza iphinde yahlanganisa amaVickers Vikings anezinjini ezimbili asebenza ikakhulukazi emizileni yasendaweni neyezwekazi. Ngo-October 1946, i-DC-4 yaqala ukundizela eNew York idlula e-Rio de Janeiro, e-Belém, e-Trinidad nase-Havana, inqola nayo yasebenza e-São Paulo; ngokushesha umkhumbi waphinde wagcwaliswa nge-DC-6 ngendlwana enengcindezi. I-FAMA yasebenza ngaphansi kwegama layo kwaze kwaba ngu-1950, inethiwekhi yayo, ngaphezu kwamadolobha okukhulunywe ngawo ngaphambili, yayihlanganisa neLisbon neSantiago de Chile.
Inkampani yesibili eyakhiwe njengengxenye yezinguquko emakethe yezokuthutha yase-Argentina kwakuyi-Aviación del Litoral Fluvial Argentino (ALFA), eyasungulwa ngoMeyi 8, 1946. Kusukela ngoJanuwari 1947, lo mzila uthathe ukusebenza engxenyeni esenyakatho-mpumalanga yezwe phakathi kweBuenos Aires, Posadas, Iguazu, Colonia kanye neMontevideo, eqhutshwa amasosha e-LADE. Le nkampani iphinde yasebenzisa izindiza zeposi, kuze kube manje ezisetshenziswa inkampani yamasosha ase-Argentina - i-Servicio Aeropostales del Estado (SADE) - ingxenye ye-LADE eshiwo ngenhla. Ulayini wamiswa ngo-1949, umlenze wokugcina wokusebenza kwawo ebalazweni lomzila wawuhlanganisa iBuenos Aires, Parana, Reconquista, Resistence, Formosa, Monte Caseros, Corrientes, Iguazu, Concordia (konke engxenyeni esenyakatho-mpumalanga yezwe) kanye ne-Asuncion ( Paraguay) kanye neMontevideo (Uruguay). Imikhumbi ye-ALFA ihlanganisa, phakathi kokunye, ama-Macchi C.94, ama-Short S.25 ayisithupha, ama-Beech C-18S amabili, ama-Noorduyn Norseman VI angu-3 kanye nama-DC-XNUMX amabili.
