Umthethonqubo oguquguqukayo
Phakathi kwezinhlelo eziningi zokulawula ezisetshenziswa ezimotweni zesimanje, eziningi yilezo ezikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezishintshayo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ama-adaptive control systems. Isibonelo esijwayelekile sesixazululo esinjalo ukulawulwa kwethamo likaphethiloli enjinini enomjovo kaphethiloli olawulwa nge-elekthronikhi. Ukulungiswa kwesikhathi somjovo
Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini, isilawuli sisekelwe kumanani amabili ayinhloko, okungukuthi isivinini se-shaft. 
crankshaft kanye injini umthwalo, i.e. ukubaluleka kokucindezela ku-multifold intake noma ubukhulu bomoya owuthathayo, kufundwa enkumbulo yalokho okubizwa. isikhathi umjovo base. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yemingcele eminingi eguqukayo kanye nomthelela wezinto ezihlukahlukene ezithinta ukwakheka kwengxube kaphethiloli, isikhathi somjovo kufanele silungiswe.
Phakathi kwemingcele eminingi nezici ezithinta ukubunjwa kwengxube, kungenzeka ukulinganisa ngokunembile ithonya labambalwa kuphela. Lokhu kufaka phakathi, kodwa akukhawulelwe, izinga lokushisa lenjini, izinga lokushisa lomoya wokungena, i-voltage yesistimu, isivinini sokuvula nokuvala i-throttle. Ithonya labo ekwakhiweni kwengxube kunqunywa yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-short-term injection correction factor. Inani layo lifundwa kumemori yesilawuli ngevelu yamanje elinganisiwe yevelu ngayinye ekhethiwe.
Ngemuva kokuqala, ukulungiswa kwesibili kwesikhathi somjovo kubheka ithonya eliphelele lezici ezihlukahlukene ekubunjweni kwengxube, ithonya lomuntu ngamunye elinzima noma elingenakwenzeka ukulikala. Lokhu kufaka phakathi, kodwa akugcini lapho, amaphutha ekulungiseni umphumela ekubunjweni kwenhlanganisela yamanani akhethiwe akalwa yisilawuli, umehluko ekubunjweni kukaphethiloli noma ikhwalithi, ukungcoliswa komjovo, ukuguga kwenjini, ukuvuza kwesistimu yokuthatha, ukushintsha kwengcindezi yomoya. , ukulimala kwenjini, lapho uhlelo lokuxilonga ebhodini alukwazi ukukubona futhi luthinta ukwakheka kwengxube.
Ithonya elihlangene lazo zonke lezi zici ekubunjweni kwengxube kunqunywa yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukulungiswa kwezikhathi zokujova isikhathi eside. Amanani angalungile ale pharamitha, njengasesimweni sokulungiswa kwesikhashana esifushane, asho ukwehla kwesikhathi somjovo, ukwanda okuhle kanye nokulungiswa kwesikhathi komjovo we-zero. Ukusebenza kwenjini, okunqunywa isivinini nomthwalo, kuhlukaniswe ngezikhathi, ngayinye enikezwa inani elilodwa lesici sokulungisa izikhathi ezinde zokujova. Uma injini isesigabeni sokuqala, ekuqaleni kwesigaba sokufudumala, isebenza ngaphansi komthwalo osindayo njalo, noma idinga ukusheshisa ngokushesha, inqubo yesikhathi somjovo iqedwa ngokulungiswa kokugcina kusetshenziswa isikhathi sokujova isikhathi eside. isici sokulungisa.
Ukuguqulwa Kwethamo Lamafutha
Uma injini ingenzi lutho, ekukhanyeni kuya komaphakathi ububanzi noma ngaphansi kokusheshisa okuthambile, isikhathi somjovo siphinda silawulwe amasiginali asuka kunzwa yomoya-mpilo, okungukuthi i-lambda probe, etholakala kusistimu yokukhipha umoya ngaphambi kwesiguquli se-catalytic. Ukwakheka kwengxube, okuthonywa izici eziningi, kungashintsha noma kunini, futhi isilawuli singase singasiboni isizathu salolu shintsho. Isilawuli sibe sesibheka isikhathi somjovo esizohlinzeka ngengxube engcono kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi ingabe ububanzi boshintsho lwesici sokulungisa isikhathi somjovo esisheshayo singaphakathi kwebanga elilungile.
Uma kunjalo, lokhu kusho ukuthi inani lesikhathi lomjovo elinqunywe ngemva kokusikwa kwesibili lilungile. Kodwa-ke, uma amanani esici sokulungisa isikhathi somjovo osheshayo ebengaphandle kwebanga elivumelekile lenombolo ethile yemijikelezo yenjini, lokhu kufakazela ukuthi umthelela wezinto ezidala ushintsho ekubunjweni kwengxube uhlala njalo.
Isilawuli sibe sesishintsha inani lesici sokulungisa isikhathi eside somjovo ukuze isici sokulungisa umjovo osheshayo sibe ngaphakathi kwamanani alungile. Leli nani elisha lesici sokulungisa isikhathi eside somjovo, elitholwe ngokujwayelanisa inhlanganisela nezimo ezintsha zokusebenza zenjini, ezishintshile, manje lingena esikhundleni senani langaphambilini lalobu bubanzi obusebenzayo kunkumbulo yesilawuli. Uma injini iphinde ibe ngaphansi kwalezi zimo zokusebenza, isilawuli singasebenzisa ngokushesha ukulungiswa kwesikhathi eside kwenani lesikhathi lomjovo elibalelwe lezi zimo. Ngisho noma ingaphelele, isikhathi sokuthola umthamo ophelele kaphethiloli manje sizoba sincane kakhulu. Ngenxa yenqubo yokudala inani elisha lesici sokulungisa isikhathi eside somjovo, sibizwa nangokuthi isici sokujwayela isikhathi somjovo.
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kokuzivumelanisa nezimo
Inqubo yokulungisa isikhathi somjovo ikuvumela ukuthi ulungise ngokuqhubekayo umthamo kaphethiloli kuye ngokushintsha kwesidingo sikaphethiloli ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Umphumela wenqubo yokujwayela isikhathi somjovo yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukwenza ngokwezifiso isikhathi somjovo, okuthuthukiswe umenzi futhi kugcinwe kunkumbulo yesilawuli. Ngenxa yalokhu, kungenzeka ukunxephezela ngokugcwele ithonya lakho kokubili ukuphambuka kuzici kanye nezinguquko ezihamba kancane esimweni sobuchwepheshe sesistimu nayo yonke injini.
Ukulungiswa kohlobo oluguquguqukayo, nokho, kungase kubangele ukuthi amaphutha enzeka afihlwe noma aguquleke kalula, bese kuba nzima ukubonwa. Kuphela lapho, ngenxa yokwehluleka okukhulu, inqubo yokulawula okuguquguqukayo iphazamiseka kakhulu kangangokuthi uhlelo lungena ekusebenzeni okuphuthumayo, kuyoba lula ukuthola ukungasebenzi kahle. Ukuxilongwa kwesimanje manje sekungakwazi ukubhekana nezinkinga ezivelayo ngenxa yokujwayela. Amadivayisi okulawula aguqule amapharamitha okulawula alungisa le nqubo, futhi amapharamitha agcinwe kumemori ahambisana nezinguquko ezilandelanayo zokujwayela enza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlonza ukungasebenzi kahle kusenesikhathi nangokucacile.
