8 emisha enyakazisa imboni yezokwakha!

Umkhakha wokwakha umkhakha ongeneka kakhulu kuwo emisha ... Lokhu kuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe kuza ngezinambitheka ezimbalwa: izinto ezixhunyiwe, amaphrinta e-3D, i-BIM, ukuphathwa kwedatha (idatha enkulu), ama-drones, amarobhothi, ukhonkolo oziphilisa ngawo, noma ngisho umnotho ohlanganyelwe. Ziholela ekushintsheni kwendlela isayithi elisebenza ngayo noma umklamo. Ithimba le-Tracktor linqume ukunethulela ngayinye yalezi amasu amasha, ngaphambi kokungena esihlokweni kwezinye izihloko ukukhombisa umthelela wabo emkhakheni wezokwakha.

1. I-BIM: inguquko enkulu embonini yezokwakha.

I-BIM iyakhiwa © Autodesk

From English "Building Information Modeling" BIM ingahunyushwa ngokuthi Ukumodela Ulwazi Lokwakha ... I-BIM isebenzisana nayo ukwakha, ukwakha kanye nengqalasizinda. Njengezinkampani ezihlobene, ukuthuthukiswa kwayo kuhlotshaniswa nokwenza intando yeningi ku-inthanethi, kanye nokukhula kwezinqubo zokubambisana eziqalwe uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Linux.

Ngokuqondene nencazelo yayo, iyahluka kuye nge-logic. Okokuqala, isakhiwo sedijithali se-XNUMXD esiqukethe idatha ehlakaniphile nehlelekile. Le datha isetshenziswa abahlanganyeli abahlukene bephrojekthi. Le modeli iqukethe ulwazi mayelana nezici (ubuchwepheshe, ukusebenza, ngokomzimba) kwezinto ezisetshenziselwa ukwakha.

Inezinzuzo eziningi:

• Ukonga isikhathi ngenxa yolwazi olungcono lwayo yonke imininingwane yezobuchwepheshe;
• Ukuqedwa kwengozi "ye-asymmetry yolwazi", okuvumela kangcono ukucabangela okulindelwe / ukwesaba kwabo bonke abathintekayo;
• Ikhwalithi yokwakha ethuthukisiwe;
• Ukunciphisa ingozi yezingozi.

I-BIM iphinde inikeze amandla ukulinganisa kwesikhathi sangempela sezindleko ukuguqulwa okungase kubangele esakhiweni, ukuphatha ukuhlanganisa phakathi kwezinhlangothi ezihlukene phakathi nesigaba sokuklama nesokwakha, dala izethulo ezibonakalayo nezithombe ze-XNUMXD zokumaketha, futhi uthuthukise ukunakekelwa kwesakhiwo. ngemva kwalokho.

Ukuze uthuthukele ku-BIM, udinga ukufunda futhi uzihlomise. Kuyabiza, kodwa kubonakala sengathi i-BIM okudingekayo ... Lona umkhuba womhlaba wonke, ozibonakalisa, isibonelo, eqinisweni lokuthi i-UK neSingapore sezivele zihamba phambili ekuqinisekiseni ukusetshenziswa okuphoqelekile kobuchwepheshe kumaphrojekthi kahulumeni. E-France, imvume yokuqala yokwakha ye-BIM yatholwa eMarne-la-Vallee.

Ukuphrinta kwe-3D: inganekwane noma iqiniso?

Iphrinta ye-3D embonini yezokwakha

Izivivinyo zokuqala zihlehlela emuva kuma-1980s. Ukukhula ngokuqhuma kwenzeka ekuqaleni kwawo-2000 ngaphambi kokuba ukukhula kancane kubonakale.

Iwebhusayithi ye-Futura-Sciences ichaza ukuphrinta kwe-3D ngokuthi “ indlela yokukhiqiza ebizwa ngokuthi i-additive, ehlanganisa ukwengeza izinto, ngokuphambene nezindlela ezisebenzisa ukususwa kwezinto, njengokwenza imishini. "

Emkhakheni wokwakha, lobu buchwepheshe bungasetshenziswa ukudala izindawo zokukhosela eziphuthumayo ukubhekana nemiphumela yenhlekelele yemvelo futhi zivumele izisulu zezinhlekelele ukuba zithole indawo yokuhlala ngokushesha kakhulu. Isibonelo esidume kakhulu sokusebenzisa iphrinta ye-3D yinkampani yaseShayina iWinsun, ekwazile ukuphrinta isakhiwo esinezitezi ezingu-6 isebenzisa iphrinta engamamitha angu-40 ubude! Ukusetshenziswa kwayo endaweni yokwakha kungaba yinzuzo ekunciphiseni izingozi nasekulawuleni kangcono ezigabeni ezihlukahlukene. Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kuyaqhubeka e-Italy ukuze kwakhiwe isigodi sonke kusetshenziswa iphrinta ye-3D.

Nokho, kunzima ngomuntu ovamile ukucabanga ngokwakhiwa komshicileli. Ingabe inganekwane izofezeka kule nto?

Izinsiza Ezixhumene: Ukuqamba Okusha Kokulawulwa Kokuphepha Kwesayithi Lokwakha

Ngokuhambisana nokuthuthukiswa kwe-inthanethi kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-1990, izinto ezixhunyiwe noma i-inthanethi Yezinto ziye zangena kancane kancane endaweni yethu. Ngesizindalwazi se-Dictionnaireduweb, izinto ezixhunyiwe zithi “ izinhlobo zamabhizinisi inhloso yazo okuyinhloko kungekona ukuba okokusebenza kwekhompuyutha noma izixhumi ezibonakalayo zokufinyelela iwebhu, kodwa okuvumele ukwengezwa koxhumano lwe-inthanethi kuvumele inani elingeziwe ukuthi lihlinzekwe ngokuya ngokusebenza, ulwazi, ukusebenzisana nendawo ezungezile, noma ukusetshenziswa. .

Ngamanye amazwi, izinto ezixhunyiwe, njengoba ziqoqa futhi zigcina amanani abalulekile olwazi kuye ngendawo ezungezile, zizohlinzeka ngolwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nomsebenzisi. Lolu lwazi lungasetshenziselwa ukuvikela ngokushesha engozini uma kwenzeka kuba nesenzakalo esingavamile (ukwehluleka komshini noma amanani aphezulu noma aphansi ngokungavamile).

Isakhiwo umkhakha ngokusobala awuhlukile kulokhu kunengqondo futhi izixazululo ezifana neSolution Selex (isakhiwo esixhunyiwe) sezivele. Lezi zixazululo zizohlonza ukungasebenzi kahle, zithuthukise ukugcinwa kokuvimbela, futhi ngaleyo ndlela zinciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Ezinye izibonelo ziyatholakala. Esihlokweni sethu sangaphambilini sezindaba ku-Bauma 2016, sikwethule kuyunithi yokulawula ye-Topcon's GX-55, ehlinzeka ngolwazi lwesikhathi sangempela phakathi nokumba.

Idatha Enkulu: idatha yokuthuthukisa iwebhusayithi

Idatha enkulu embonini yezokwakha

Igama lavela e-US ekuqaleni kwawo-2000 ngaphansi kobuholi be-Google, Yahoo, noma i-Apache. Amagama esiFulentshi ayinhloko abhekisela ngokuqondile kudatha enkulu athi "megadata" noma "idatha enkulu". Okwakamuva kusho idathasethi engahlelekile futhi enkulu kakhulu, okwenza kube yize ukucubungula le datha ngamathuluzi ajwayelekile. Isekelwe kumgomo 3B (noma ngisho no-5):

• Umthamo wedatha ecutshungulwayo ukhula njalo futhi ngokushesha;
• Isivinini ngoba ukuqoqwa, ukuhlaziya kanye nokusetshenziswa kwale datha kumele kwenziwe ngesikhathi sangempela;
• Ukuhlukahluka ngenxa yokuthi idatha iqoqwa emithonjeni ehlukene futhi engahlelekile.

Ziningi izicelo ezisukela kwezempilo, ukuphepha, umshwalense, ukusatshalaliswa.

Esinye sezibonelo ezidume kakhulu zokusebenzisa idatha enkulu ku imboni yezokwakha "Igridi ehlakaniphile". Eyakamuva inethiwekhi yokuxhumana ekuvumela ukuthi uphathe inethiwekhi ngesikhathi sangempela ukuze wandise izinsiza zayo.

Ama-drones embonini yezokwakha: umbono ongcono womsebenzi oqhubekayo?

I-drone embonini yezokwakha © Pixiel

Njengezinto eziningi ezintsha, kufanele sibheke imisuka ngokunembile emkhakheni wezempi. Ngokokuqala ngqa, ama-drones asetshenziswa ngesikhathi sezingxabano zama-1990s (eKosovo, e-Iraq) ukwenza imisebenzi yokuhlola. .

Ngokwencazelo ye-INSA Strasbourg, i-drone ithi “ indiza engenamuntu, eshayelwa ukude, ezimele kancane, noma ezimele ekwazi ukuthwala imithwalo ehlukahlukene, iyenze ikwazi ukwenza imisebenzi ethile ngesikhathi esithile. Indiza ingahluka kuye ngamandla ayo. «

Izindawo lapho kusetshenziswa khona kakhulu ama-drones ukuphepha, ukwakhiwa , ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kanye ne-aeronautics. Muva nje, ziye zavela ezindaweni zokwakha njengokuhlola. Asetshenziselwa ukwakha amamodeli e-3D, ukwenza izinhlolovo zendawo, ukuhlonza izakhiwo okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo, ukuqapha ukuthuthukiswa kwezindawo zokwakha, nokwenza ukuxilonga amandla. Izinzuzo ze imboni yezokwakha kuvezwe ku ukukhiqiza okuphezulu, umnotho wezinga kanye nokuphepha okuthuthukisiwe ezindaweni zokwakha.

Amarobhothi: abalingiswa abadumile

Amarobhothi, esaba futhi esatshwa ngenxa yokubukeka kwawo, kancane kancane aqala ukuvela ezindaweni zokwakha. Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kuyimpikiswano enkulu yabalandeli baleli robhothi. Kodwa-ke, izithiyo zesikhathi ezihlobene nesivinini sokwakhiwa kwesikhungo kanye nesidingo sokunciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi nakho kube nomthelela ekusabalaleni kwaso.

Irobhothi lika-Adrian © Fast Brick Robotics

Amarobhothi, esaba futhi esatshwa ngenxa yokubukeka kwawo, kancane kancane aqala ukuvela ezindaweni zokwakha. Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kuyimpikiswano enkulu yabalandeli baleli robhothi. Kodwa-ke, izithiyo zesikhathi ezihlobene nesivinini sokwakhiwa kwesikhungo kanye nesidingo sokunciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi nakho kube nomthelela ekusabalaleni kwaso.

Uma kunamamodeli amaningi, akhuluma ngomunye. Igama lakhe ngu-Adrian. Leli robhothi - emisha yemboni ... Ngokusho komdali wayo, uMark Pivac, uzoba nethuba lokwakha indlu esikhathini esingaphansi kosuku. Ijubane osekuphuphelwe lona. Iyakwazi ukuqoqa izitini eziyi-1000 ngehora (iqhathaniswa ne-120-350 yesisebenzi), futhi ine-boom yamamitha angu-28, okuvumela ukuhlanganisa okunembe kakhulu. Isithembiso sejubane nokunemba!

Ngokushesha kwaqubuka ingxabano ngoba esolwa ngokucekela phansi inqwaba yemisebenzi. Le ngxabano isuswe umsunguli wayo okholelwa ukuthi kuthatha izisebenzi ezimbili kuphela ukwakha ibhilidi, oyedwa ozoliphatha, omunye aqinisekise umphumela. Nokho, izindleko zayo eziphakeme zisho ukuthi amaFulentshi akakakulungeli ukuyibona le nto ethakazelisayo eduze.

Ukhonkolo oziphilisayo

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukhonkolo uyabola futhi wenze imifantu. Lokhu kuholela ekungeneni kwamanzi kanye nokugqwala kwensimbi. Ngenxa yalokho, lokhu kungaholela ekuweni kwesakhiwo. Kusukela ngo-2006, isazi sezinto eziphilayo u-Hank Yonkers ubelokhu ethuthuka emisha : ukhonkolo okwazi ukugcwalisa ama-microcracks ngokwawo. Ngenxa yalokhu, amabhaktheriya angeniswa endabeni. Lapho zithintana namanzi, ziguqula izakhamzimba zibe i-limestone futhi zilungise imifantu emincane ngaphambi kokuba ibe mikhudlwana. Ukhonkolo oqinile futhi ongabizi usaqhubeka nokuba yimpahla yokwakha esetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni. Isilinganiso sempilo yayo yesevisi yiminyaka eyi-100, futhi ngenxa yale nqubo, inganyuswa ngo-20-40%.

Kodwa-ke, naphezu kokusekelwa okunikezwa yi-European Union ukunciphisa imithelela yemvelo kanye nokonga ekunakekeleni nasekuphileni kwesevisi yezindawo eziwakhayo, ukubusa ngentando yeningi kwale nqubo kunzima ukukubona kusengaphambili ngenxa yezimo zezomnotho ezinzima. Isizathu? Izindleko eziphakeme kakhulu njengoba kulinganiselwa ukuthi zibiza ngo-50% kunokhonkolo ojwayelekile. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, limelela enye indlela ebucayi yezakhiwo, ngaphansi kokuvuza noma ukugqwala (imihubhe, izindawo zasolwandle, njll.).

Umnotho ohlanganyelwe wasebenza ekwakhiweni

Umnotho ngokubambisana embonini yezokwakha

Umnotho wokubambisana uqhamuke enkingeni yezomnotho futhi usudume ngezinkundla ezifana ne-AirBnB neBlablacar. Lo mnotho, ovuna ukusetshenziswa ngaphezu kwempahla, ubonakala uthuthuka kuyo yonke imikhakha nezimboni. Ukuthuthukisa izinsiza ngokwabelana bekuhlezi kukhona imboni yezokwakha, kodwa yayingahlelwanga. Ukuthuthukiswa kwamapulatifomu afana ne-Tracktor kuvumela izinkampani zokwakha ukuthi ziqashe imishini engasebenzi, zenze imali eyengeziwe futhi zinciphise imfucuza.

Uhla lwa emisha ngokucacile ayiphelele. Singakhuluma ngamaphilisi okulawula ngokuhlanganyela, mayelana neqiniso elingathandwa kwabathelisi esikubona. Ingabe lesi sihloko sikudonse ukunaka? Yabelana noxhumana nabo!