4 × 4 ku-asphalt. Yini okufanele ikhunjulwe?
AbasePoland bayaqiniseka ngezimoto ezidonsa ngawo wonke amasondo. AmaCrossover namaSUV ayakhula. Kukhona futhi abantu abakhokha imali eyengeziwe nge-4×4 uma bethenga i-limousine yakudala noma inqola yesiteshi. Yini okufanele ikhunjulwe lapho usebenzisa imoto ene-branched transmission?
Izinzuzo zamasondo onke ziyaziwa. Ukusebenza kokushayela okuthuthukisiwe, ukuziphatha okuphephile ezimeni ezibucayi kanye nokukhuphuka kokudonsa ngezinye zakho. I-4×4 nayo inemibi. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, kunciphisa amandla okuguquguquka, kwandisa isisindo semoto futhi kwenyuse izindleko zokuthenga nokuyilungisa. Ezinye izinkinga zingagwenywa ngokunakekela idrayivu. Ukuziphatha komshayeli kuthinta ngisho nesimo se-4×4 elawulwa nge-elekthronikhi.
Uma uqala, gwema ukukhulula i-clutch nge-rpm ephezulu futhi ulawule i-throttle kanye ne-clutch ngendlela yokunciphisa isikhathi sokuhamba engxenyeni ye-clutch. Ukushayela ngamasondo amane, ikakhulukazi unomphela, kuqeda i-valve yokuphepha ngendlela yokushelela kwamasondo. Ku-4 × 4, amaphutha omshayeli athinta ukudluliselwa - i-clutch disc ihlupheka kakhulu.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina isiyingi sesondo esingashintshi. Umehluko ophawulekayo ngezinga lokuhamba ngezinyawo, izinhlobo ezahlukene zamathayi kuma-axles noma ukwehla kwamandla emali akusebenzi ekudluliseni. Ekushayeleni unomphela, umehluko wejubane lama-ekseli wenza umehluko ophakathi nendawo usebenze ngokungadingekile. Ku-analogue ye-clutch ye-multi-plate elawulwa nge-elekthronikhi, amasiginali angena ku-ECU angahunyushwa njengezimpawu zokushelela - imizamo yokusonta i-clutch izofinyeza impilo yayo yesevisi. Uma unquma ukushintsha amathayi, njalo uthenge isethi ephelele!
Ezimotweni ezine-hard drive eya ku-axle yangaphambili (okuthiwa i-Part Time 4WD; amaloli amaningi kakhulu nama-SUV ashibhile), izinzuzo zokudonsa ngawo wonke amasondo zingajatshulelwa kuphela emigwaqweni exegayo noma emhlophe ngokuphelele. Ukushayela ngemodi engu-4WD endaweni egandayiwe emanzi noma itiyela elineqhwa kungenzeka ngokomzimba, kodwa kudala izingcindezi ezingezinhle ekudluliseni - awukho umehluko phakathi kwama-asi angaphambili nangemuva onganxephezela umehluko wesivinini se-ekseli uma ujika amakhona.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuma-crossovers nama-SUV ane-axle yangemuva ye-plug-in, khumbula inhloso yomsebenzi wokukhiya. Inkinobho kudeshibhodi ibandakanya i-multi-plate clutch. Kufanele sifinyelele kukho kuphela ezimweni ezingavamile - lapho sishayela odakeni, esihlabathini esixekethile noma eqhweni elijulile. Emigwaqweni ene-traction enhle, i-clutch ecindezelekile ngokugcwele izoba ngaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu, ikakhulukazi uma ijika emakhoneni. Akuyona ize ukuthi amanuwali abakhiqizi agcizelele ukuthi ukuqondisa kungase kuhambisane namajekhi kanye nezinga elikhulayo elingaphezu kokujwayelekile elivela ngaphansi kwamasondo, futhi umsebenzi we-Lock awukwazi ukusetshenziswa ku-asphalt.
Ukunciphisa amathuba okulimala kwe-clutch, i-electronics izovula i-clutch ngemva kokudlula u-40 km/h. Emamodeli amaningi, ukukhetha komshayeli akukhunjulwa - ngemuva kokucisha injini, umsebenzi we-Lock kufanele uvule futhi, oqeda ngengozi, ukushayela isikhathi eside nge-clutch ecindezelekile ngokugcwele (okungenzeka, kuhlanganise nama-SUVs aseKorea, lapho inkinobho yokulawula ukukhiya isebenza kumodi engu-0-1). Kufanele kugcizelelwe ukuthi idrayivu yamasondo amane exhunywe nge-elekthronikhi iklanyelwe ukuthuthukisa isikhashana ukudonsa, hhayi ukusebenza unomphela emithwalweni ephezulu. Lokhu kufanelekile ukukhumbula, isibonelo, lapho uzama ukushayela nge-skid elawulwayo. Kungenzeka, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukulayisha imoto ngokweqile - idrayivu ende enegesi eya phansi izoholela ekushiseni ngokweqile kwe-clutch ephakathi.
Ngokwentshisekelo yesimo sokushayela, landela izincomo zomkhiqizi noma umakhenikha zokukhetha amafutha okugcoba kanye nezinqubo. Amafutha ku-gearbox, ikesi lokudlulisa kanye nomehluko ongemuva, ovame ukuhlanganiswa ne-multi-plate clutch, kufanele ashintshwe njalo. Ezimweni eziningi, zonke izinkulungwane ezingama-60 km. Amafutha okuqala e-DPS-F kufanele asebenze kangcono ku-Honda Real Time 4WD, futhi lapho ushintsha i-lubricant ku-Haldex, akufanele ungabandakanyi isihlungi - imizamo yokulondoloza imali ingashintsha ibe yizindleko.
