Amaqiniso angama-20 amangazayo ngemuva kwenganekwane yakwaToyota

IToyota inabalandeli nabaphikisi. Kepha nabokugcina abakwazi ukuphika ukuthi inkampani yaseJapan ingomunye wabakhiqizi bezimoto ababaluleke kakhulu emlandweni. Nawa amaqiniso athakazelisayo angama-20 achaza ukuthi le workshop yomndeni encane yafinyelela kanjani ekubuseni komhlaba.

Ekuqaleni kwakukhona indwangu

Ngokungafani nezinye izinkampani eziningi zezimoto, iToyota ayiqali ngezimoto, amabhayisikili, noma ezinye izimoto. Umsunguli wayo, uSakichi Toyoda, wasungula indawo yokusebenzela yokweluka ngo-1890. Amashumi eminyaka okuqala ayenesizotha kuze kube yilapho inkampani isungula loom othomathikhi ngo-1927, lapho kwathengiswa khona ilungelo lobunikazi e-UK.

Igama lakhe akuyona iToyota ngempela.

Umndeni owasungula le nkampani akuyona iToyota, kodwa iToyota Da. Igama lashintshwa laba i-euphony nangenxa yenkolelo-ze - ku-syllabary yaseJapane "katakana" le nguqulo yegama ibhalwe ngemivimbo eyisishiyagalombili yebhulashi, futhi inombolo yesi-8 kumasiko aseMpumalanga iletha inhlanhla nengcebo.

I-impireialism imqondisa emishinini

Ngo-1930, umsunguli wenkampani, uSakichi Toyoda, wafa. Indodana yakhe uKiichiro yanquma ukusungula imboni yezimoto, ikakhulukazi ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zebutho laseJapane ezimpini zalo zokunqoba eChina nakwezinye izingxenye ze-Asia. Imodeli yokuqala enkulu iloli iToyota G1, esetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi izinjongo zempi.

Imoto yakhe yokuqala yebiwe

Njengabakhiqizi abaningi base-Asia, iToyota yaqala ukuboleka imibono evela phesheya ngesibindi. Imoto yakhe yokuqala, iToyota AA, empeleni yayilingisa i-American DeSoto Airflow - uKiichiro wathenga imoto wagoduka nayo ukuze ihlukaniswe futhi ihlolwe ngokucophelela. I-AA ikhiqizwa ochungechungeni olulinganiselwe - amayunithi angu-1404 kuphela. Muva nje, omunye wabo, ngo-1936, watholwa esibayeni eRussia (osesithombeni).

Impi yaseKorea yamsindisa ekuqothulweni

Ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II, iToyota yazithola isesimeni esinzima kakhulu, ngisho neLandcruiser yokuqala, eyethulwa ngo-1951, ayizange ishintshe kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ukugqashuka kweMpi YaseKorea kwaholela emiyalweni eminingi ye-US Army - ukukhiqizwa kwamaloli kweqa kusuka ku-300 kuya kwangaphezu kuka-5000 ngonyaka.

Kwakhiwe imisebenzi engama-365 e-USA

Ubudlelwano obuhle bokusebenza namasosha aseMelika kwagqugquzela uKiichiro Toyoda ukuba aqale ukuthekelisa izimoto e-United States ngo-1957. Namuhla inkampani idale imisebenzi engama-365 e-United States.

IToyota izala insumansumane yokuthi "ikhwalithi yaseJapan"

Ekuqaleni, abakhiqizi bezimoto abavela eLand of the Rising Sun babekude nenganekwane "ikhwalithi yaseJapane" - emva kwakho konke, amamodeli okuqala athunyelwa e-United States ayengenalo ikhono kangangokuthi onjiniyela be-GM bahleka lapho behlakazwa. Ushintsho olukhulu lwenzeka ngemuva kokuthi kwaToyota bethula iTPS (Toyota Production System) ngo-1953. Isekelwe kumgomo we "jidoka", okuhunyushwa ngokukhululekile kusuka ku-Japanese, kusho "umuntu ozenzakalelayo". Umqondo uwukuthi isisebenzi ngasinye sithatha umthwalo wemfanelo omkhulu futhi sinentambo yaso, engamisa wonke umthumeli uma kwenzeka ukungabaza ngekhwalithi. Kuphela ngemva kweminyaka engu-6-7 lesi simiso sizoshintsha izimoto zakwaToyota, futhi namuhla samukelwa cishe yibo bonke abakhiqizi emhlabeni wonke, nakuba ngamazinga ahlukahlukene.

Imoto edayise kakhulu emlandweni - iToyota

Ngo-1966, kwaToyota bethula uhlobo lwabo olusha lomndeni, iCorolla, imoto enesizotha enenjini engu-1,1 litre esidlule ezizukulwaneni ezingu-12 kusukela ngaleso sikhathi futhi idayise acishe abe yizigidi ezingu-50. Lokhu kuyenza ibe yimodeli edayise kakhulu emlandweni njengoba ihlula iVW Golf ngamayunithi alinganiselwa ku-10 million. I-Corolla iza ngazo zonke izinhlobo - i-sedan, i-coupe, i-hatchback, i-hardtop, i-minivan, futhi muva nje ngisho ne-crossover.

U-Emperor ukhetha iToyota

Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zemikhiqizo ephambili e-Japan, kusukela kwa-Lexus, i-Infiniti ne-Acura kuya kwezingadumile kangako njenge-Mitsuka. Kodwa umbusi waseJapane sekuyisikhathi eside ekhetha imoto ye-Toyota, i-limousine ye-Century, ukuze ahambe ngayo. Manje isisetshenziswa isizukulwane sesithathu, okuyinto, ngomklamo oqinile, empeleni imoto yesimanje kakhulu ene-hybrid drive (imoto kagesi kanye ne-5-litre V8) enamandla angu-431. IToyota ayikaze inikeze i-Century ezimakethe zangaphandle - ingeyaseJapan kuphela.

I-crossover yokuqala

Kungenzeka ukuphikisana okungapheli mayelana nokuthi iyiphi imodeli ye-crossover eyokuqala emlandweni - amamodeli aseMelika i-AMC ne-Ford, i-Russian Lada Niva ne-Nissan Qashqai ifuna lokhu. Imoto yokugcina empeleni yethula imfashini yamanje ye-crossover, eklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa emadolobheni. Kodwa cishe eminyakeni engamashumi amabili ngaphambili, kwavela iToyota RAV4 - iSUV yokuqala enokuziphatha kwemoto evamile emgwaqeni.

Imoto eyintandokazi yaseHollywood

Ngo-1997, iToyota yethula imoto eyihybrid yokuqala eyake yakhiqizwa ngobuningi, iPrius. Yayinomklamo ongakhangi, indlela yokuziphatha yomgwaqo eyisicefe kanye nengaphakathi eliyisicefe. Kodwa futhi bekuwumsebenzi wobunjiniyela ohlaba umxhwele kanye nemfuneko yokucabanga kwemvelo, okwenza osaziwayo baseHollywood bawulungele. UTom Hanks, uJulia Roberts, uGwyneth Paltrow noBradley Cooper babephakathi kwamakhasimende, kanti uLeonardo DiCaprio wake waba nabane (ukuthi usimame kangakanani lowo mbuzo ohlukile). Namuhla, ama-hybrids ajwayelekile, sibonga kakhulu ngePrius.

Amanzi okuthulisa

Kodwa-ke, amaJapane awafuni ukuphumula emithonjeni yawo ngePrius. Kusukela ngo-2014, bebelokhu bethengisa imodeli ehambisana nemvelo ngendlela engenakuqhathaniswa - empeleni, imoto yokuqala ekhiqizwa ngobuningi engenawo umoya ongcolile ngaphandle kwamanzi okuphuza. IToyota Mirai ixhaswe ngamaseli e-hydrogen fuel futhi isivele idayise amayunithi angaphezu kuka-10, kanti izimbangi zakwaHonda neHyundai zisasele ochungechungeni lokuhlola kuphela.

IToyota iphinde yakha i-Aston Martin

Izindinganiso zokukhishwa kweYurophu zenze izinto eziningi ezingenangqondo eminyakeni edlule. Enye yezinto ezihlekise kakhulu ukuguqulwa kweToyota IQ encane ibe imodeli ... u-Aston Martin. Ukunciphisa ukukhishwa okujwayelekile emikhunjini yabo, abaseBrithani bamane bathatha i-IQ, bayibulala ngesikhumba esibizayo, bayiqamba kabusha bathi i-Aston Martin Cygnet futhi baliphinda kathathu inani. Ngokwemvelo, ukuthengisa bekucishe kube zero.

Inkampani yezimoto ebiza kakhulu emhlabeni

Sekungamashumi eminyaka, iToyota iyinkampani yezimoto enemali enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, icishe iphindwe kabili kuneyeVolkswagen. Ukukhula kokuqagela kumasheya kaTesla ezinyangeni ezedlule kusiguqule isimo, kepha akekho umhlaziyi obucayi olindele ukuthi amanani entengo akhona enkampani yaseMelika aqhubeke njalo. Kuze kube manje, uTesla akakaze enze inzuzo yonyaka, kanti iToyota ibilokhu ikhiqize ama- $ 15-20 billion.

Umkhiqizi wokuqala onamayunithi angaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-10 ngonyaka

Inkinga yezezimali yango-2008 yavumela iToyota ukuthi ekugcineni idlule iGM njengomkhiqizi omkhulu wezimoto emhlabeni. Ngo-2013, amaJapane aba yinkampani yokuqala emlandweni ukukhiqiza izimoto ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-10 ngonyaka. Namuhla iVolkswagen iqala njengeqembu, kodwa iToyota ayifinyeleleki kumikhiqizo ngayinye.

Usebenzisa u- $ 1 million ocwaningweni ... ngehora

Iqiniso lokuthi iToyota ibisicongweni amashumi eminyaka ambalwa lihlotshaniswa nentuthuko enkulu. Ngonyaka ojwayelekile, inkampani isebenzisa cishe u- $ 1 million ngehora ocwaningweni. IToyota njengamanje iphethe amalungelo obunikazi angaphezu kwayinkulungwane.

IToyota ihlala isikhathi eside

Ucwaningo olwenziwe eminyakeni embalwa eyedlule luthole ukuthi isimanga esingu-80% sezimoto zakwaToyota ezineminyaka engama-20 sisasebenza. Okuboniswe ngenhla yisizukulwane sesibili esiziqhenyayo sesizukulwane sesibili sika-1974 esasibona sithutheleka edolobheni laseKukush kulobu busika.

Le nkampani isaphethwe ngumndeni

Yize inkulu kakhulu, iToyota iseyinkampani efanayo yomndeni eyasungulwa nguSakichi Toyoda. Isikhulu sanamuhla u-Akio Toyoda (osesithombeni) uyinzalo yakhe ngqo, njengabo bonke abaphathi bangaphambilini.

IToyota Empire

Ngaphandle kohlobo lwegama elifanayo, iToyota ibuye ikhiqize izimoto ezibizwa ngamaLexus, Daihatsu, Hino neRanz. Wayephethe nomkhiqizo weScyion, kepha ukukhiqiza kwaphela lapho kulandela inkinga yezimali yokugcina. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iToyota ine-17% yeSubaru, 5,5% yeMazda, 4,9% yeSuzuki, ibamba iqhaza ezinhlelweni eziningi ezihlanganyelwe nezinkampani zaseChina kanye nePSA Peugeot-Citroen, futhi yandise ukubambisana neBMW kumaphrojekthi entuthuko ahlanganyelwe.

Kukhona nedolobha lakwaToyota eJapan

Ikomkhulu lale nkampani liseToyota, e-Aichi Prefecture. Kuze kube ngawo-1950, kwakuyidolobha elincane laseKoromo. Namuhla, abantu abangu-426 bahlala lapha - cishe ngokufanayo neVarna - futhi liqanjwe ngenkampani eyalithuthukisa.