Ama-SUV ayi-11 aselibalekile

IToyota Land Cruiser, iNissan Patrol, iMitsubishi Pajero, iLand Rover, iJeep Wrangler, iG-Class, iHummer ... Uhlu lwamaSUV adume kakhulu, noma okungenani lawa bantu abake bezwe ngawo, alukashintshi amashumi eminyaka. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi umhlaba wala maSUV uyisidina. Isikali sendawo yonke eyi-4x4 singaqhathaniswa noMbuso WaseRoma ngesikhathi sawo wobukhosi, izakhamizi eziningi nje zikhohliwe namuhla futhi ziphoqeleka ukuba ziphile ngokuphila kwazo okulusizi emaphethelweni nasemaphethelweni. IMotor Company ihlanganise uhlu lwama-SUV ayi-11 anjalo, abanye abantu abakezwa nokuzwa ngawo.

I-Alfa Romeo 1900 M

Ungamangali, kodwa lena i-Alfa Romeo 1900 M, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Matta ("uhlanya") - hhayi ubuhle baseningizimu obunothando obunomklamo okhangayo, njengoba sijwayele ukubona i-Alfa yangempela, kodwa i-SUV yezempi eluhlaza. I-Matta ingabhekwa ngokufanelekile njengekhethekile futhi iyivelakancane kakhulu - kusukela ngo-1952 kuya ku-1954, ukuguqulwa kwebutho le-AR 2007 no-51 kwe-AR 154 kwakhiqizwa.

Imodeli yanikezwa uMnyango Wezokuvikela wase-Italy. Ibukeka iqinile futhi ibudlabha, kodwa akunjalo: inenjini engu-1,9-litre 65-horsepower enesistimu yokugcoba ye-sump eyomile kanye nekhanda le-aluminium hemispherical cylinder. I-suspension yangaphambili izimele ekumisweni kwe-double wishbone. Izimangalo zobuchwepheshe zonakalisa imodeli - eminyakeni embalwa kamuva amasosha ase-Italy ashintshela ku-Fiat Campagnola elula.

Umvuni Wamazwe Ngamazwe Travelall

INavistar International Corporation, eyayaziwa ngeInternational Harvester Company, yaziwa ngamaloli ayo, kodwa amaTravelall SUVs, akhiwe kusisisi samaloli e-R-Series, ayasuswa kwimemori ehlanganisiwe. Ukungabi nabulungisa okukhulu, ngoba lena ingenye yama-SUV okuqala agcwele izimbangi nayo yonke imbangi yeChevy Suburban.

Kusukela ngo-1953 kuya ku-1975, izizukulwane ezine zikaTravelall zaqhamuka kulayini womhlangano. Idonsa ngamasondo onke itholakala njengenketho kusukela ngo-1956. Izinjini zimelwe yi-in-line "six" kanye ne-V8 enomthamo ofinyelela ku-6,4 litres. ITravelall ibukeka njengesigebenga futhi akuyona into engelutho. ISUV yakhona yakamuva ingu-5179 mm ubude futhi inama-wheelbase angu-3023 mm. Ukusuka ngo-1961 kuya ku-1980, inkampani yakhiqiza i-International Harvester Scout emfushane enqoleni yesiteshi kanye neveni.

IMonteverdi Safari

I-International Harvester Scout iyisisekelo se-SUV Safari kanokusho yohlobo oludumile futhi, maye, nolungasekho uhlobo lwaseSwitzerland iMonteverdi. Imoto enezicabha ezintathu yakhelwe ukuthi iqhudelane neRange Rover, kodwa ihlula iBriton ngamandla - ububanzi benjini buhlanganisa i-Chrysler V5,2 engu-8 litre kanye nenjini engu-7,2 litre enamandla angu-309, okwenza ifinyelele phezulu. ijubane kufika ku-200 km / h.

Idizayini yomzimba, kaCarrozzeria Fissore, enemigqa ehlanzekile, ehlanzekile nengilazi enkulu, isabonakala kahle nanamuhla, cishe cishe isigamu sekhulu leminyaka ngemuva kweMonteverdi Safari. Imodeli yakhiqizwa kusukela ngo-1976 kuya ku-1982. Ideshibhodi iyikhanda elicace bha kwiRange Rover, eyayiyisetreterter esigabeni sokunethezeka seSUV ngaleso sikhathi.

UDodge Ramcharger

Usayizi ophelele we-1974-1996 iDodge Ramcharger, encintisana neFord Bronco "enkulu" noChevy K5 Blazer, akufakazeli ukuba khona kweqhawe elingaziwa njenge-Plymouth Trail Duster clone yayo. Kepha kukhona enye iRamcharger abambalwa abezwile ngayo. Ikhishwe kusuka ngo-1998 kuya ku-2001 eMexico nakumaMexico. Kususelwa ku-chassis efinyeziwe yesizukulwane sesibili sepiki yeRam enesondo lama-2888 mm. ISUV ifakwe umthamo wamalitha angu-5,2 no-5,9.

Isici esithakazelisayo semodeli umugqa wezihlalo ezifakwe ngokuhambisana ohlangothini - ungakhululekile ngohambo olude, kodwa ngokusobala kufanelekile ukudubula. I-Ramcharger ayithengiswa e-US ngezizathu ezisobala. Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1990, ama-short wheelbase SUVs aphelelwa amandla emakethe yendawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izithakazelo zakwaDaimlerChrysler esigabeni seSUV zivikelwe yiJeep Grand Cherokee kanye noDodge Durango - ingxenye yesithathu enkampanini yabo ayisasebenzi.

UBertone Freeclimber

Abalandeli bezimoto zangempela zesikole esidala bazi kahle ngeDaihatsu Rugger, ebizwa ngokuthi iRocky ezimakethe eziningi ezithunyelwa ngaphandle. Kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu okhumbulayo ukuthi uyisisekelo se-freediver ekhethekile yase-Italy studio Bertone. I-Luxury SUV yezimakethe zaseYurophu esekelwe ku-"Japanese" evamile - uzizwa kanjani ngalokhu? Ngama-80s, uBertone wazithola esesimweni esinzima - i-Fiat Ritmo convertible kanye nemidlalo ye-Fiat X1 / 9, ekhiqizwa esitshalweni sakhe, yaqala ukulahlekelwa umhlabathi. Sidinga iphrojekthi entsha, esiba yi-Freeclimber.

IDaihatsu okukhulunywa ngayo inenjini engu-2,4 litre ye-BMW esebenzisa udizili njengenye yezinjini zikaphethroli eziyi-2,0 no-2,7 litre. Ingxenye yangaphambili ishintshwe kancane, i-optics engunxande yathathelwa indawo amalambu amabili ayindilinga, imishini yanwetshwa. Ngokusho kweminye imibiko, kusukela ngo-1989 kuya ku-1992, uBertone wakhiqiza izindiza ezingama-2795 zeFreeclimber. Uhlobo lwesibili lweSUV kanokusho lususelwa kunhlobo yeFeroza edidiyelwe futhi inenjini engu-1,6 litre BMW M40 ene-100 hp. IDaihatsu Rocky elicwengiweyo ayithengiswanga e-Italy kuphela, kodwa naseFrance naseJalimane, kanti iFreeclimber II, lapho kwakhiqizwa khona amayunithi angama-2860, athengwa kakhulu ezweni lawo lesibili.

URayton-Fissore Magnum

Idalwe yiCarrozzeria Fissore engasasebenzi manje, le modeli ingomunye wabaphikisana nesihlalo sobukhosi senkosi yamaSUV akhohliwe. Idizayinelwe ukuqhudelana neRange Rover, isuselwe kukhasethi yamasosha e-Iveco edonsa ngamasondo onke. Isisekelo esibi sifihlwe ngumzimba, umsebenzi womklami waseMelika uTom Chard, obenesandla kwinani elikhulu lamamodeli, kufaka phakathi iDe Tomaso Pantera. Ekuqaleni, i-Magnum yakhanga amaphoyisa ngisho namasosha, kodwa kamuva izakhamizi zaba nesithakazelo kuwo, okwenzelwe izinhlobo ezibizayo kakhulu.

ISUV ifakwe izinjini zikaphethiloli okubalwa kuzo i-Alfa Romeo engu-2,5 litre "six" neBMW M3,4B30 engu-35 litre six-cylinder, kanjalo ne-four-cylinder turbodiesel. Kusukela ngo-1989 kuya ku-2003, imodeli ye-premium yazama ukunqoba i-New World ngaphambi kokushintsha igama layo ku-sonic Laforza kanye nezinjini zaba yi-V8 ene-6,0-litre yakwaGeneral Motors, ehambisana kakhulu nokuthandwa komphakathi waseMelika. EYurophu, le SUV ethakazelisa kakhulu yakhiqizwa kusukela ngo-1985 kuya ku-1998.

Izwe leVolkswagen Golf

I-Volkswagen Golf 2 iyinani laphakade elingafi. Okuxakayo nakakhulu ukuthi ezinhlobonhlobo zezinguqulo kukhona i-SUV kakade ekhohliwe - Izwe. Ngisho noma lena kungeyona i-SUV engu-1989%, imodeli iyathakazelisa nakanjani, inhle futhi ayinakuzisiza endleleni egandayiwe. Isiqephu esandulela ukukhiqizwa kwakhonjiswa embukisweni wezimoto i-Geneva Motor Show ngo-XNUMX, futhi ngemva konyaka ukukhiqizwa kwaqala eGraz, e-Austria. Isisekelo yiGolf CL Syncro enezicabha ezinhlanu edonsa ngawo wonke amasondo.

Izwe liyiguqula ibe yikhithi eneziqephu ezingu-438 ehlanganisa ukumiswa kokuhamba isikhathi eside okuphakamisa imvume ephansi ibe ngu-210mm, ukuvikelwa kwe-crankcase yenjini, ilungu eliphambene kanye nesitokwe samathayi angemuva. IGolf Country ibilinganiselwe kumayunithi angu-7735 500 kuphela, okuhlanganisa angu-15 ane-chrome accents namasondo angu-205 inch anamathayi abanzi angu-60/15 R XNUMX. Ukuze kube nokunethezeka, lezi zimoto zibuye zibe nesikhumba ngaphakathi.

I-ACM Biagini Pass

Indaba Yezwe Igalofu ithatha inguquko ebingalindelekile... Italy. Ngo-1990, amashumi eminyaka ngaphambi kokwethulwa kwe-Nissan Murano CrossCabriolet kanye ne-Range Rover Evoque Convertible, i-ACM Automobili yakha i-Biagini Passo eguqulwayo futhi yanda imvume yomhlaba. Futhi iyini ingqikithi yayo? Kulungile - I-Golf Country enenjini engu-1,8 litre kaphethiloli kanye nedonsa ngawo wonke amasondo.

I-Passo enomzimba weGalofu oshintshiwe wesizukulwane sokuqala unikeza umbono womkhiqizo wasekhaya ongaqediwe, ongekude neqiniso. Amalambu aphuma kwaFiat Panda, angemuva aphuma kwa-Opel Kadett D, kanti ama-side turn aphuma kwaFiat Ritmo. Ngokusho kwedatha ethile, izingcezu ezingama-65 kuphela ezenziwe kumodeli, ngokusho kwabanye, kunamakhulu azo. Kodwa-ke, i-Biagini Passo manje isikhohliwe futhi kulula ukuyithola kune-unicorn, futhi ngenxa yokumelana kwayo okuphansi kokugqwala.

IHonda Crossroad

Ukuthuthukiswa kwebheji kwachuma ngeminyaka yawo-1990s, kwazala izimoto ezingavamile njengeFord Explorer eklanywe kabusha ebizwa ngokuthi i-Mazda Navajo noma i-Isuzu Trooper ezenza i-Acura SLX. Kodwa umlando weHonda Crossroad, okuyisizukulwane sokuqala seLand Rover Discovery, awukaze ube khona. Ukwethulwa kwe-H mace Discovery ku-grille kuwumphumela wokusebenzisana phakathi kwe-Honda ne-Rover Group okubone umhlaba wonke ubona ama-British Japanese njenge-Rover 600 Series, empeleni i-Honda Accord ehunyushwe kabusha. I-Crossroad yakhiqizwa kusukela ngo-1993 kuya ku-1998 eJapane naseNew Zealand, okuchaza ukufiphala kwayo.

AbakwaHonda bathutha ngendlela exakile ngenxa yobuvila bayo. Ngenkathi iToyota, Nissan neMitsubishi, ingasaphathwa eyomkhiqizo wase-Europe nowaseMelika, kade yaqopha imakethe yeSUV, lo mkhiqizo uvele wethuke kakhulu bese unquma ukugcwalisa igebe ebangeni lawo ngezimoto ezinamabheji obunjiniyela. EYurophu, bekuyiPasipoti, i-Isuzu Rodeo evuselelwe ne-Isuzu Trooper, eguqule igama layo laba yi-Acura SLX. ICrossroad yiHonda yokuqala nokuwukuphela kwayo enenjini enguV8.

ISantana PS-10

I-Santana Motor yaseSpain, eyahamba ngomkhumbi emlandweni ngo-2011, ekuqaleni yenza i-Land Rover ngamakhithi e-CKD futhi kamuva yaqala ukushintsha i-SUV yaseBrithani. Asanda kusungula i-PS-10 SUV (ebuye yaziwe ngokuthi i-Anibal), eyake yafunwa kakhulu e-Europe nase-Afrika. Njengoba ifana ne-Defender, ayikopishi i-SUV edumile, kodwa ilula kakhulu. I-Spartan kumnyombo, i-PS-10 yethulwa ngo-2002 futhi yayikhiqizwa kwaze kwaba yilapho kushabalala iSantana Motor. Ngaphandle kwenqola yesiteshi enezicabha ezinhlanu, kukhona neveni enezicabha ezimbili.

Ngokungafani neLand Rover, eyashintsha yaba iziphethu zamaqabunga ngeminyaka yawo-80s, iSantana isebenzisa iziphethu zamaqabunga ngaphambili nangemuva. Idrayivu enamasondo amane ayiyona unomphela. Imishini ilula ngangokunokwenzeka, nakuba i-PS-10 inikeza isondo lokuqondisa elinama-hydraulic kanye nesimo somoya ukuze uthole imali eyengeziwe. Injini ingu-2,8-litre Iveco turbodiesel.

Iveco Massive

Cabanga nje - i-Italian Iveco akuyona nje izimoto zezentengiselwano namaloli asindayo, kodwa futhi namaSUV amakhulu. Iphinde ibukeke njengeLand Rover Defender, njengoba...i-Santana PS-10 eklanywe kabusha. Imodeli yakhiqizwa kusukela ngo-2007 kuya ku-2011 ngemishini ye-Santana Motor, futhi ihluke kumlingani wayo olula ekwakhiweni komzimba, umklamo wenganekwane uGiorgio Giugiaro.

I-"Spanish Italian" ihlome ngenjini engu-3,0-litre Iveco turbodiesel (150 hp no-350 Nm, 176 hp no-400 Nm) ehambisana no gearbox odonsa ngamagiya ayisithupha oshintshwayo kanye namasondo wonke odonsayo ongahlukani ngaphambili ne-reduction transmission. . Ngokohlelo lwaseBrithani lwe-Autocar, cishe amayunithi angu-4500 amamodeli akhiqizwa minyaka yonke ngemuva kwenqola yesiteshi esinezihlalo ezingu-7 nama-pickup. Uma ufuna ukubona iMassif bukhoma, qonda e-Alps - kunzima kakhulu ukuhlangabezana nale SUV ngaphandle kwayo.