Izinhlekelele eziyi-10 ezinkulu ku-motorsport

Umhla zi-5 kuSepthemba uphawula iminyaka engu-50 omunye wemisebenzi yokuqala yokuqala ye-F1 eqedwe: u-Jochen Rind, ukuphela kompetha bomhlaba owashona emlandweni. Kusukela kwaba nomjaho wokuqala ohleliwe wezimoto, umjaho weParis-Bordeaux ngo-1895, izinkulungwane zabashayeli ziye zafela kujantshi. Lolu hlu olubi luqala ngo-Atilio Cafarati (1900) no-Elliott Zbovorsky (1903) ludlulele kuJules Bianchi, owalimala kabi emjahweni omkhulu we-Japanese Grand Prix ka-2015, kanye no-Antoine Hubert, owashonela e-Spa ekuqaleni kweFomula 2 ngo-August. ngonyaka odlule.

Ngokuhlonipha uRind, sithathe isinqumo sokukhetha lezo zinhlekelele eziyishumi ezibuye zavela kakhulu.

UMark Donahue, ngo-1975

"Uma ukwazi ukugcina imigqa emibili emnyama kusukela ekuqaleni komugqa oqondile uye ejikeni elilandelayo, khona-ke unamandla anele." Lesi sicaphuno esithandwayo esivela kuMark Donahue sikhombisa kokubili umqondo odumile wamahlaya kanye nesitayela esingajwayelekile salo mshayeli waseMelika. Ebizwa ngokuthi uCaptain Nice ngobuhle bakhe nobuntu bakhe obunobungane, uMark washiya uphawu lwakhe ngemuva kwesondo lePorsche 917-30 edume kakhulu ochungechungeni lwe-Can-Am futhi wathatha ukunqoba okuyindumezulu e-Indianapolis ngo-1972, kanye nokuqeda ipulatifomu ku-Formula 1 yakhe. ukuqala kuGrand Prix. -eCanada.

Ekupheleni kuka-1973, uMark wamemezela ukuthi usethathe umhlalaphansi, kodwa uRoger Penske wamqinisekisa ukuthi abuyele komunye umzamo wokuncintisana kuFomula 1. Ngomhla ka-19 Agasti 1975, eqeqeshelwa i-Austrian Grand Prix, kwaqhuma isondo emotweni yakhe kaMashi. washayisa uthango. ithuba elisheshayo. U-Shrapnel oshayisene naye ubulale omunye wabashayeli abebekhona, kodwa uDonahue ubonakale engalimalanga, ngaphandle komthelela wesigqoko sakhe sokuzivikela onqenqemeni lwebhodi lezikhangiso. Kodwa-ke, kusihlwa umshayeli wendiza wayephethwe yikhanda elibi, ngakusasa wangeniswa esibhedlela, kwathi kusihlwa uDonahue waquleka wafa ngenxa yokopha ebuchosheni. Wayeneminyaka engama-38 ubudala.

UTom Price, ngo-1977

Ukuphahlazeka kweSouth African Grand Prix yango-1977 mhlawumbe kuyinto ehlekisa kakhulu emlandweni. Konke kuqala ngomonakalo wenjini ongenabungozi we-Italian Renzo Zordi, emphoqa ukuthi asuse ithrekhi. Imoto iyakhanya, kepha uDzorzi usephumile futhi ubheke kude. Ngemuva kwalokho omashali ababili benza isinqumo esibi sokuwela umgwaqo ukucisha umlilo ngezicisha mlilo zabo. Kodwa-ke, bakwenza ngokudangala okuncane, kusuka lapho kungabonakali kahle ezimotweni eziseduze.

Omunye uwela ngokuphepha, kodwa omunye, umfana oneminyaka engu-19 ubudala ogama lakhe linguFricke van Vuuren, ushayiswe imoto kaTom Price ngesivinini esingaba ngu-270 km/h washonela khona lapho. Isicishamlilo esingamakhilogremu angu-18 abesiphethe siyabhampa sishaye isigqoko sikaPrice ngamandla aze ahlephule ugebhezi lwekhanda, isicishamlilo sona sibhampa, sindize phezu kwezitendi siwele emotweni endaweni yokupaka elandelayo.

Umsebenzi kaPrice oneminyaka engu-27 ukhula umfutho - esifundweni se-Kialami, ukhombise isikhathi esihle kakhulu, esishesha kakhulu kunoNiki Lauda. Mayelana noVan Vuren onebhadi, isidumbu sakhe sicwiyiwe ngendlela yokuthi abakwazi ukubona ukuthi ungubani, sekumele bafonele bonke osomashi ukuze bathole ukuthi ubani olahlekile.

UHenry Toivonen, ngo-1986

Iminyaka yama-80s kwakuyinkathi yezimoto ezidumile ze-Group B ze-World Rally Championship - izilo ezikhulayo ezinamandla nezilula, ezinye zazo ezingagijima zifinyelele ku-100 km/h ngemizuzwana engaphansi kwemithathu. Kusenesikhathi ngaphambi kokuthi amandla abe maningi ezingxenyeni eziqinile zomhlangano. Ngo-1986, kwase kunezingozi eziningana ezimbi kakhulu e-Rally Corsica, lapho u-Henry Toivonen's Lancia Delta S4 kanye nomshayeli okanye naye uSergio Cresto bendiza emgwaqeni, bandizela kwalasha, bawela ophahleni futhi bavutha umlilo. Womabili amadoda ashonele khona lapho.

UToivonen, 29, owayenqobe iMonte Carlo Rally ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambili, wayekhale kaninginingi ngokuthi le moto yayinamandla amakhulu. Kushiwo okufanayo ngoCresto, owashona owayengumlingani wakhe waseLancia u-Atilio Betega ngo-1985, naye eseCorsica. Ngenxa yalolu sizi, i-FIA yavala izimoto zeGroup B.

UDale Ernhardt, 2001

Abashayeli bezindiza bochungechunge lwemijaho yaseMelika abadumile kakhulu eYurophu. Kodwa ukufa kukaDale Earnhardt kuphinde kwaduma emhlabeni wonke, kwaze kwaba yilapho le ndoda isiphenduke uphawu oluphilayo lweNASCAR. Njengoba eqale ama-76 kanye nokuba ngumpetha wezikhathi eziyisikhombisa (irekhodi elabelwe u-Richard Petty no-Jimmie Johnson), usabhekwa ochwepheshe abaningi njengomshayeli ongcono kakhulu emlandweni we-North American Championship.

U-Earnhardt ushone eDaytona ngo-2001, ngokoqobo ethangeni lokugcina lomjaho, ezama ukuvimba uKen Schroeder. Imoto yakhe ishayise kancane iStirling Marlin yabe isishaya udonga lukakhonkolo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi odokotela babona ukuthi uDale wayephule ukhakhayi.

Ukushona kwakhe kwaholela enguqukweni enkulu ezokuphepha zeNASCAR, kanti nenombolo 3, ayencintisana nayo, yaqedwa ukumhlonipha. Indodana yakhe uDale Earnhard Jr. inqobe uDaytona kabili eminyakeni elandelayo futhi iyaqhubeka nokuncintisana kuze kube namuhla.

UJochen Rind, ngo-1970

I-German ukushayela i-Austria, u-Rind ungomunye wabantu abagqama kakhulu ku-Formula 1 ekuqaleni kwawo-70s - futhi lesi yisikhathi lapho kungekho khona ukushoda kwezibalo ezikhanyayo. Ulethwe ku-Lotus ngu-Colin Chapman, u-Jochen ubonise ukubaluleka kwakhe ku-Monaco Grand Prix lapho ekwazi ukunqoba kusukela kwesishiyagalombili ekuqaleni kumjikelezo onzima wokudlula. Kwalandela okunye ukunqoba okune, nakuba ngemva kokuwina iNetherlands, uRind wanquma ukuthatha umhlalaphansi ngenxa yokushona komngane wakhe uPiers Carthridge, ababedle naye isidlo sakusihlwa ngobusuku bangaphambilini. U-Rind noGraham Hill bahola inhlangano yabashayeli bezindiza elwela ukuphepha kanye nokufakwa kwezinsimbi ezivikelayo emigwaqweni yezindiza.

Ekuqaleni eMonza, amaqembu amaningi, kufaka phakathi iLotus, asuse ama-spoiler ukukhuphula isivinini somugqa oqondile. Ngokwenza njalo, uRind ukhishwe emgqeni ngenxa yokuhluleka kwamabhuleki. Kodwa-ke uthango olusha lwafakwa ngendlela engafanele lwaphuka nemoto yashelela ngaphansi kwalo. Amabhande esihlalo awunqume ngokoqobo umphimbo kaJochen.

Amaphuzu atholakele kuze kube manje anele ukumthola ngemuva kwesikhathi ngesicoco seFomula 1, uJackie Stewart anikeze umfelokazi wakhe uNina. URind ushone eneminyaka engama-28.

U-Alfonso de Portago, ngo-1957

Iminyaka yawo-1950 kwakuyinkathi yezibalo zezinganekwane ku-motorsport, kodwa bambalwa abangaqhathaniswa no-Alfonso Cabeza de Vaca no-Leighton, uMarquis de Portago - i-aristocrat, unkulunkulu wenkosi yaseSpain, u-ace, u-jockey, umshayeli wemoto kanye no-Olympian, i-bobsledder. UDe Portago uqede endaweni yesine kuma-Olympics ango-1956, imizuzwana engu-0,14 kuphela kusukela endondoni, nakuba phambilini wayezilolonge kuphela ku-bobsleigh. Uwine inguqulo yemoto yeTour de France futhi waqeda isibili kuBritish Grand Prix ngo-1956. Kwesinye sezithombe zakhe ezidume kakhulu, ubhema ngomoya ophansi njengoba omakhenika begcwalisa imoto ngamafutha omjaho avuthayo ngemuva kwakhe.

UDe Portago usinde ngokulambisa ngo-1955 ngesikhathi ephonswa emotweni yakhe eSilverstone ngo-140 km / h waphuka umlenze. Kepha ngemuva kweminyaka emibili, umhlangano wasenganekwaneni uMille Miglia wawuphelelwe yinhlanhla. Ngenxa yokuqhuma kwesondo ngejubane elingu-240 km / h, iFerrari 355 yakhe yandiza yaphuma emgwaqeni, yagingqika futhi yadabula ngokoqobo abashayeli bezindiza ababili kanye no-Edmund Nelson ayemshayela naye. Ababukeli abayisishiyagalolunye, abahlanu kubo bekuyizingane, babulawa ngemuva kokuba umshini udabule itshe elalingamakhilomitha amaningi walithumela ehholo.

UGilles Villeneuve, ngo-1982

Yize enqobe imijaho eyisithupha kuphela emsebenzini wakhe omfushane uma kuqhathaniswa, abanye ochwepheshe basabheka uGilles Villeneuve njengomshayeli ovelele kakhulu weFomula 1. Ngo-1982, wayenethuba langempela lokuthi ekugcineni anqobe lesi sicoco. Kodwa ekufanelekeni kweBelgian Grand Prix, imoto yakhe yasuka, futhi uVilleneuve uqobo waphonswa kulayini. Kamuva, odokotela bathole ukuthi wephuke intamo washonela khona lapho.

Abantu abanjengoNikki Lauda, ​​uJackie Stewart, uJody Scheckter noKeke Rosberg abamazi njengomshayeli okhanya kakhulu kuphela, kodwa futhi nanjengomuntu othembeke kunabo bonke kuthrekhi. Eminyakeni eyishumi nanhlanu ngemuva kokufa kwakhe, indodana yakhe uJacques yazuza lokho uyise ayengakwazi ukukwenza: wawina isihloko seFomula 1.

UWolfgang von Trips, ngo-1961

UWolfgang Alexander Albert Edward Maximilian Reichsgraf Berge von Trips, noma nje uTeffi njengoba wonke umuntu embiza kanjalo, wayengomunye wabashayeli bezindiza abanekhono kakhulu ngemuva kwempi. Yize enesifo sikashukela, wazenzela igama ngokushesha emigwaqeni futhi wawina iTarga Florio eyindumezulu, kwathi ngo-1961 umsebenzi wakhe weFomula 1 waqala ngokuwina kabili nababili ababegijime ekuqaleni kokuqala kwesizini. Emjahweni wokugcina we-Grand Prix yase-Italy, u-von Trips waqala njengomholi wokuma.

Kodwa ngomzamo wokudlula uJim Clark, owaseJalimane wabamba isondo langemuva, futhi imoto yakhe yandizela eziteshini. IVon Thrips nezibukeli eziyi-15 zife ujuqu. Lesi kuseyisigameko esibi kunazo zonke emlandweni weFormula 1.Isicoco somhlaba sisezakwabo eqenjini iFerrari uPhil Hill, osekusele iphuzu elilodwa ukuthi adlale.

U-Ayrton Senna, ngo-1994

Cishe le yinhlekelele eshiye uphawu lwayo ezinhliziyweni zabantu abaningi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngoba kubulale omunye wabashayeli bezindiza abakhulu kunabo bonke abake baba khona. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngoba kwenzeka ngesikhathi lapho iFormula 1 yayivele ithathwa njengomdlalo ophephile, futhi izinhlekelele zanyanga zonke zama-60s, 70s kanye nama-80s okuqala zazimane ziyisikhumbuzo. Kungakho ukufa kwentsha yase-Austrian Roland Ratzenberger yokuhlungela iSan Marino Grand Prix kwashaqisa wonke umuntu. Kepha ngakusasa, maphakathi nomjaho, imoto kaSenna yavele yaphuma emzileni yashayisa udonga oluvikelayo ngejubane lama-233 km / h.

Ngesikhathi ekhishwa ngaphansi kwemfucumfucu, ubesenomfutho obuthakathaka, odokotela benze i-tracheotomy khona lapho futhi bamyisa esibhedlela ngendiza enophephela emhlane. Kodwa-ke, umzuzu wokufa kamuva wamenyezelwa njengehora lokufa. Njengembangi, u-Ayrton Senna wayevame ukungathembeki ngokuphelele ekufuneni kwakhe ukunqoba. Kodwa emotweni yakhe eyaphahlazeka, bathola ifulegi lase-Austrian, u-Ayrton ayehlose ukulibeka ezitebhisini enkumbulweni kaRatzenberger, okuphinde kufakazele ukuthi lo mshayeli wendiza onolaka nonya ngesikhathi esisodwa wayengumuntu omuhle.

UPierre Loewegh, ngo-1955

Igama lalo mshayeli wendiza waseFrance cishe alisho lutho kuwe. Kodwa iza nenhlekelele enkulu emlandweni we-motorsport - enkulu kangangokuthi yacishe yaholela ekuvinjweni kwayo yonke indawo.

Kodwa-ke, leli akulona iphutha elibi likaLoeweg. NgoJuni 11, 1955, ngamahora angama-24 eLe Mans, indoda eyiNgisi uMike Hawthorne yangena isibhakela kungalindelekile. Lokhu kuphoqa uLance McLean ukuthi ajike ngokucijile ukuze angamshayi, kodwa imoto kaMcLean ishayisa uLövegh khona eziteshini (uJuan Manuel Fangio ukwazile ukuzungeza nokugwema okufanayo). ULevegh yena nabanye abangu-83 babulawa, abaningi babo banqunywa amakhanda ngokoqobo. Ama-marshal azama ukucisha i-magnesium Levegh coupe evuthayo ngamanzi futhi aqinisa ilangabi kuphela.

Kodwa-ke, umncintiswano uyaqhubeka ngoba abagqugquzeli abafuni ukwethusa ababukeli abacishe babe yikota yesigidi abasele. UHawthorne uqobo ubuyele kuthrekhi wagcina ewunqobile umjaho. Wathatha umhlalaphansi eminyakeni emithathu ngemuva kokushona komngani wakhe omkhulu uPeter Collins futhi washona ezinyangeni ezintathu nje kamuva engozini yemoto ngaseLondon.

Usizi lweLe Mans selucishe lwaqeda i-motorsport ngokujwayelekile. Ohulumeni abaningi bavimbela umjaho wezimoto futhi abaxhasi abakhulu bayahamba. Kuzothatha cishe amashumi amabili eminyaka ngaphambi kokuba umdlalo uzalwe kabusha.