Izinkampani eziphezulu ezingu-10 zobuchwepheshe emhlabeni

Izwe lobuchwepheshe bolwazi alikaze liphumule futhi sekuyisikhathi eside laziwa njengemboni eguquguqukayo kunoma yiliphi izwe elifuna ukuzuza esifubeni sabaholi bomhlaba. Ubuchwepheshe bubonakala budlula impucuko yabantu.

Ukuqubuka kwakamuva kwezindlu zamabhizinisi amakhulu ezibheke ezizindeni ze-inthanethi ukuze kwandiswe ukubonakala kwazo kanye nokuhambisana kwazo emhlabeni wonke kukhombisa kuphela ukuthi izinkampani zobuchwepheshe kudala zadlula esigabeni sazo sokuba imboni ezoba semqoka kakhulu emgudwini wesikhathi esizayo. Eqinisweni, izinkampani eziningi zobuchwepheshe sezivele zikhule ngokugxuma kanye nemingcele. Ake sibheke izinkampani zobuchwepheshe eziphezulu eziyi-10 emhlabeni ngo-2022.

10. I-Sony ($67 billion)

Kusukela enkampanini yokuqopha amakhasethi phakathi neMpi Yezwe II kuya ekubeni enye yezinkampani zobuchwepheshe ezaziwa kakhulu emhlabeni; U-Sony akalutho ngaphandle kwendaba yempumelelo efanele ukudunyiswa. Isikhondlakhondla sezobuchwepheshe saseJapan, esizinze enhloko-dolobha i-Tokyo, besilokhu sandisa ukufinyelela kwaso kuzo zonke izinhlobo zobuchwepheshe ezingase zisetshenziswe ngobuningi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bokulawula amadivayisi ezokuxhumana, ukuzijabulisa kwasekhaya, imidlalo yevidiyo, amamuvi noma ama-TV namakhompyutha zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, u-Sony unakho konke.

9. Dell ($74 billion)

Inkampani yezobuchwepheshe ezinze e-US i-Dell, ezinze e-Texas, ikhuphuke ngezitebhisi zenkampani enkulu yezobuchwepheshe emhlabeni ngokuthenga kwayo i-EMC Corporation muva nje. Inhliziyo yebhizinisi likaDell ise-US, lapho bekuhlale kuwuphawu olukhethwayo lwamakhompuyutha, ama-peripheral, amalaptop nama-smartphone. Le nkampani, eyasungulwa nguMichael Dell, futhi iyinkampani yesithathu enkulu kunazo zonke ehlinzeka nge-PC ehlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezihlobene nekhompyutha.

8. IBM ($160 billion)

I-International Business Machine Corporation noma i-IBM ingelinye lamagama okuqala emlandweni wezinkampani zobuchwepheshe ukuzisungula kabusha ngokushintsha kwezikhathi. Ukukhula kwe-IBM kungenxa yokuthi izingqondo ezihamba phambili emhlabeni wonke zisebenza ethangini layo lokucabanga. Umhlaba ukweleta i-IBM enkulu, abasunguli bezinto eziqanjiwe ezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni ezisize isintu, njengemishini yokukhipha imali (ATM), ama-floppy disks, ibhakhodi ye-UPC, amakhadi emigqa kazibuthe, njll. Eyaziwa nangokuthi "I-Big Blue", abasebenzi bayo bangaphambili bayi-CEO ye-Apple Inc. U-Tim Cook, i-CEO ye-Lenovo u-Steve Ward, kanye no-Alfred Amorso, owayengusihlalo we-Yahoo!

7. Cisco ($139 billion)

I-Cisco noma i-Cisco Systems iyinkampani yobuchwepheshe yaseMelika esezisungule njengomunye wabakhiqizi abanenzuzo kakhulu bezokuxhumana kanye nemikhiqizo engenantambo. I-Cisco ikhiqize kabusha ngenxa yokubaluleka okukhulayo kwe-Ethernet emkhankasweni wayo we-Human Network. I-Cisco futhi iyinkampani yobuchwepheshe ebonise ukuzibophezela okungenakuqhathaniswa emikhiqizweni yayo yezinsizakalo ze-VoIP, i-computing, i-broadband, i-wireless, ukuphepha nokugadwa, nokuningi.

6. Intel ($147 billion)

Nakuba inani layo lemakethe liphansi kunele-IBM, i-Intel isathathwa njengephayona phakathi kwezinkampani zobuchwepheshe ezinesabelo esingenakuhlulwa semakethe yekhompyutha yomuntu siqu ye-microprocessor. U-Intel wehla ekuqaleni kwawo-2000 ngenxa yokwehla kwe-PC, kodwa banamagama afana noDell, Lenovo, kanye ne-HP ohlwini lwamakhasimende abo, okubonisa ukuthi kungani i-Intel ibe yinkampani yezobuchwepheshe iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu. Emhlabeni jikelele, i-Intel izishaya isifuba ngokuba khona emazweni afana neChina, i-India, ne-Israel, aphakathi kwamanye amazwe angama-63 angaphandle kwe-US, lapho inkampani isungule izikhungo zokukhiqiza ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezinezikhungo zeR&D ezisezingeni lomhlaba.

5. Tencent ($181 billion)

Ukukhula kwenkampani yezobuchwepheshe yamazwe ngamazwe yaseShayina i-Tencent iqhutshwa yinani layo lezigidigidi zamadola njengenkampani ye-inthanethi ethenjwa futhi emhlabeni we-inthanethi ngezinsizakalo zayo ze-e-commerce nezokudlala. Inkampani, okusho ukuthi "Ulwazi Olukhuphukayo", ihlinzeka ngensizakalo yemiyalezo edumile efana ne-Tencent QQ, Sixoxa ezweni eyazalelwa kuyo. Mhlawumbe inselelo enkulu u-Tencent anayo ngezikhondlakhondla ezihlukahlukene ihlobene nomhlaba wezinkokhelo ze-inthanethi, lapho i-Tencent inohlelo lwayo lokukhokha lwe-TenPay oluvumela izinkokhelo ze-B2B, B2C ne-C2C kokubili ku-inthanethi nokungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi. Iwebhusayithi yenjini yokusesha ye-Soso kanye nesizinda sendali se-Pai Pai nakho kuhambisana nebhizinisi elihlukahlukene lika-Tencent, abaningi abangaphakathi embonini abakholelwa ukuthi lizothatha umhlaba wonke.

4. Oracle ($187 billion)

I-Oracle Corporation yenza igxathu elikhulu ngo-2015, yathatha indawo yesibili ngemuva kweMicrosoft, yaba ngumenzi wesoftware wesibili ngobukhulu. Kodwa nangaphambi kwalokhu okumangazayo, inkampani etholwe nguLarry Ellison yasebenzela izigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke ngeSAP. I-Oracle ingenye yezinkampani ezimbalwa ezinganikezi kuphela izinsiza zesofthiwe esigabeni sayo se-Oracle Cloud, kodwa futhi nezinhlelo ezididiyelwe zokugcina ezifana nenjini yedatha ye-Exdata kanye ne-Exalogic Elastic Cloud.

3. IMicrosoft ($340 billion)

Cishe wonke umhlaba we-virtual unesikweletu ku-Microsoft, okuholele ekutheni umhlaba ukholwe ukuthi ulayini we-Microsoft Windows wamasistimu wekhompyutha awusoze wathathelwa indawo yinoma iyiphi enye i-OS eminyakeni ezayo. Isikhungo ngokwaso; Isizinda esiqinile se-Microsoft siyingxenye yezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha nezingxenye zesofthiwe, kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwedijithali. I-Microsoft isiphenduke inketho ethandwayo kwabaningi mayelana nokusebenzisa i-OS ngenxa yokuxhumana kwayo okuhlanzekile nokusebenziseka kalula. Njengamandla amakhulu emhlabeni wamakhompiyutha namalaptop, iMicrosoft iphinde yathola ubuchwepheshe beSkype kanye ne-LinkedIn, okuholele ekuguqukeni kwayo kalula ukusuka ezinhlelweni zamahhovisi kuya ezingosini zokuxhumana.

2. Izinhlamvu zamagama ($367 billion)

Isikhondlakhondla senjini yokusesha i-Google iqale ukuthuthuka okukhulu ngo-2015 ngokwethula i-Alphabet njengenkampani yabazali bayo. Le nkampani, eholwa ngu-Sundaram Photosi, iyinkampani ephethe umphakathi yakwa-Google, ethola ingxenye enkulu yemali engenayo ezinhlelweni zokukhangisa, ikakhulukazi i-YouTube. Ama-alfabhethi abelokhu edonsa ukunakwa ngokushesha kusukela ekuqalweni kwawo, ngenxa yezinhlelo zawo ezifana ne-Google Venture ezithuthukisa ibhizinisi ekuqaleni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona i-Google Venture, esebenza njengengalo yotshalomali yenkampani kumaphrojekthi ayo esikhathi eside. Imali engenayo yama-alfabhethi ikhule isuka ku-$24.22 billion yaya ku-$24.75 billion engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2017.

1. I-Apple Inc ($741.6 billion)

Ayikho imiklomelo yokuqagela lapha. USteve Jobs uthole ukuthi i-Apple Inc. iyinhlamvu yeso yawo wonke amakhasimende kanye ne-tech aficionado. Ulayini womkhiqizo we-Apple, onjenge-iPod, i-iPhone, amakhompyutha we-Macbook, wandulela isithunzi sawo njengomqambi wezinto ezintsha ezicatshangelwayo kakhulu. Yonke ingqungquthela yezobuchwepheshe emhlabeni wonke ibheke ngabomvu lapho i-Apple Inc. izokhipha imikhiqizo yayo, ehlale ichaza ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu. Ngokombono webhizinisi, i-masterstroke ye-Apple kwakuwushintsho lwepharadigm ukusuka kumkhiqizi wekhompyutha kuya kumkhiqizi wama-electronics abathengi ngaphakathi kwe-Apple Inc.; ukuvela kabusha ngaphansi kuka-Steve Jobs kwenza i-Apple yaba ngumenzi wefoni omkhulu wesibili ngamayunithi akhiqizwayo.

Kulolu hlu olude lwezinkampani ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe, kunezinkampani ezifana ne-Samsung, i-Panasonic ne-Toshiba eziphethe uhlu lwasekhaya futhi bezilwela ukubusa kwezobuchwepheshe emhlabeni jikelele. Kodwa-ke, iqiniso liwukuthi okungenani izinkampani eziyisishiyagalombili kuya kweziyishumi ezihamba phambili zobuchwepheshe emhlabeni zinemvelaphi yazo e-United States.

Okunye okuthakaselekayo kwaba wukukhishwa kwebhizinisi kwalezi zinkampani emazweni asathuthuka njenge-India, Brazil kanye nePhilippines. Kunalokho, izinkampani eziningi ezishiwo ngenhla zinezikhungo zazo ze-R&D noma imodeli yebhizinisi ehlelwe kahle ukuze zithole imali ezimakethe zabathengi kakhulu njenge-India ukuze zihlobise ibhizinisi labo ngokungenisa imali enkulu. Lona kanye iqiniso lokuthi lezi zinkampani ezinkulu nezihlonishwa umhlaba wonke zikhiphe izibopho zazo zokuphatha/zokusebenza kochwepheshe baseNdiya linikeza umfutho ekuthuthukisweni kweqoqo. Noma i-China ihamba phambili ohlwini lwamazwe anezinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe zasekhaya ezihamba phambili, futhi inenqubomgomo yomnyango ovulekile.