Amazwe aphezulu ayi-10 akhiqiza itiye emhlabeni

Kudala eShayina, kudala ngaphambi kokufika kukaKristu, uMbusi waseShayina wathola uguquko. Ngokwenganekwane, wayenomkhuba wokuphuza amanzi abilisiwe kuphela. Umoya ubulokhu ungamandla emvelo. Ngolunye usuku, lapho izinceku zakhe zinamanzi abilayo, “iqabunga” elithile lawela embizeni. Ngakho, "itiye" yenziwa. Yenziwa kanje inkomishi yetiye yokuqala. Ukutholakala kwetiye kwakungenakugwenywa, umbuzo wawuwukuphela kokuthi nini.

Kusukela lapho, lesi sitshalo singene emnothweni wamazwe amaningana emhlabeni jikelele. Ngo-2017, ngaphezu kwe-5.5 billion kg yetiye yakhiqizwa emhlabeni jikelele. Kungani itiye elingaka? Empeleni umbuzo ongalungile. Kungani kungenjalo? Manje ake sibheke abanye babakhiqizi betiye abaphambili emhlabeni ngo-2022 nokuthi asho ukuthini lawo mahlamvu amancane phezulu ehlathini alenzele izwe.

10. I-Argentina (69,924 amathani; XNUMX)

Ngaphezu komngane womshado, itiye lidume kakhulu e-Argentina. I-yerba mate etshalwe endaweni yitiye lendawo elitshalwa ezweni lonke. Nokho, uma kuziwa ekukhiqizweni kwetiye, umlingo omningi wenzeka ezifundazweni ezisenyakatho-mpumalanga yezwe. Iningi letiye elikhiqizwa e-Argentina livela kulezi zifunda, okuyiMisiones neCorrientes.

Abalimi bathembele kumathuluzi esimanje ukuze abasize ngazo zonke izici zokulima, kusukela ekukhuliseni izitshalo kuya ekuvuneni amaqabunga. Ngokwemvelo, iningi letiye elikhiqizwa lapha lithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe futhi liwumthombo oyinhloko wokushintshaniswa kwezwe langaphandle. I-United States of America, i-Great Britain namanye amazwe amaningana aseYurophu athumela iningi letiye, lapho itiye lisetshenziselwa khona ukuhlanganisa.

9. I-Iran (amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi ayisishiyagalombili nantathu namakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye; 83,990)

Ukuthandana kwe-Iran netiye kufana nendaba yothando. Ekuqaleni, ama-Irani ancike embangini engenakuqhathaniswa yetiye - ikhofi. Nokho, ngenxa yobunzima obuhilelekile ekutholeni ikhofi, ngenxa yohambo olude oluya emazweni akhiqiza ikhofi, itiye lavela ngokushesha ezweni. Itiye bekulula ukulithola njengoba umakhelwane wase-Iran, i-China, bekungomunye wabathengisi abakhulu betiye. Hhayi impela omakhelwane, kodwa ngokuqhathaniswa eduze namazwe athumela ikhofi kwamanye amazwe.

Lapho ama-Irani enambitha itiye, isidingo sabo asizange saneliseke. Ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezenzo zokuqala zikaPrince Kashef, i-Iran namuhla iyizwe lesishiyagalolunye ngobukhulu emhlabeni elikhiqiza itiye emhlabeni. UPrince Kashef wafunda ubuciko obuyimfihlo bokukhulisa itiye ngenkathi esebenza eNdiya njengesisebenzi esicashile. Wabe esethatha konke ayekufunda, kanye namasampula ambalwa, wabuyela e-Iran, lapho aqala khona ukwenza itiye. Namuhla, iningi letiye elikhiqizwa e-Iran litshalwa ezifundazweni ezisenyakatho emagqumeni njengalawo ase-Darjeeling.

8. Japan (88,900 amathani; XNUMX)

Iqiniso liwukuthi eJapane, itiye litshalwa cishe ezweni lonke. Nakuba ingenakutshalwa ngenjongo yokudayisa yonke indawo, isengatshalwa cishe yonke indawo ezweni, ngaphandle kwaseHokkaido nezindawo ezise-Osaka. Ngenxa yokuhluka kwezimo zenhlabathi nesimo sezulu, izifunda ezahlukene zidume ngokukhiqiza izingxube zetiye ezihlukene.

Ngisho nanamuhla, iShizuka iseyizwe lase-Japan elikhulukazi elikhiqiza itiye. Cishe u-40% wetiye elikhiqizwa eJapane livela kule ndawo. Ilandelwa, hhayi ngemuva kakhulu, yisifunda saseKagoshima, esibalelwa cishe ku-30% wetiye elikhiqizwa eJapane. Ngaphandle kwalezi zifunda ezimbili ezidumile nezibalulekile, iFukuoka, Kyushu neMiyazaki ezinye ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ezikhiqiza itiye. Kuwo wonke itiye elikhiqizwa eJapane, ingxenye encane kakhulu yalo ithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ngenxa yesidingo esikhulu salo ezweni ngokwalo, futhi iningi letiye elikhiqizwa itiye eliluhlaza.

7. IVietnam (116,780 amathani; XNUMX)

Itiye eVietnam ligxile kakhulu emasikweni abo. Ukuhlasela kweFrance kweVietnam kwasiza kakhulu imboni yetiye yaseVietnam. Basize ekwakhiweni kwezitshalo nokucwaninga ezindaweni eziningi ezibalulekile. Kusukela lapho, imboni yetiye ikhule isuka emandleni iya emandleni. Eqinisweni, iningi letiye elikhiqizwayo empeleni lithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, kusele ingxenye encane kuphela ukuze lisetshenziswe ekhaya. NjengeChina neJapan, iVietnam ikhiqiza itiye eliluhlaza kuphela. Eqinisweni, iningi letiye lithunyelwa eChina. Izimila ziyachuma ezifundeni eziningana zezwe. Ezinye zezifunda ezidume kakhulu zifaka iSon La, Lai Chua, Dien Bien, Lang Son, Ha Giang, njll.

6. I-Indonesia (157,388 amathani; XNUMX)

I-Indonesia iyizwe lapho itiye laliyisiko elibaluleke kakhulu lesifunda. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokukhula kwebhizinisi likawoyela wesundu elinenzuzo enkulu, umhlaba osetshenziswa emasimini etiye uye wahlupheka. Naphezu kwalokhu, namuhla i-Indonesia isengomunye wabakhiqizi betiye abahamba phambili emhlabeni. Ingxenye yalokho abakukhiqizayo ithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kanti enye isele ukuze isetshenziswe ekhaya.

Abalingani babo abakhulu bokuthekelisa, okungenani okwetiye, yiRussia, Pakistan kanye ne-UK. Enye yezinselelo ezinkulu ezibhekene nabalimi betiye kuleli wukukhulisa umkhiqizo wabo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, iningi letiye elikhiqizwa kuleli lizwe yitiye elimnyama futhi ingxenye encane yalo yitiye eliluhlaza. Ingxenye eyinhloko yokukhiqiza yenziwa eJava, ikakhulukazi eNtshonalanga Java.

5. I-Turkey (amathani ayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu namashumi ayisikhombisa nane namakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye namashumi amathathu nambili; 174,932)

Abantu baseTurkey bayalithanda itiye labo. Lokhu akuwona umbono noma umbono womuntu, cishe kuyiqiniso eliqinisekisiwe. Ngokocwaningo olwenziwa cishe eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, izakhamuzi zaseTurkey zidla itiye eliningi, isilinganiso esingu-2.5 kg umuntu ngamunye. Livelaphi itiye elingaka eTurkey? Awu, bakhiqiza kakhulu, kakhulu. Phela ngo-2004 bakhiqiza amathani angaphezu kuka-200,000 XNUMX wetiye! Namuhla, nakuba iningi letiye labo lithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, iningi lalo lisetshenziselwa ukudliwa ekhaya. Umhlabathi weSifundazwe saseRize ufana nothuli lwegolide. Kukulo mhlabathi, kulo mhlabathi ovundile ogwini loLwandle Olumnyama, lapho kutshalwa khona lonke itiye.

4. ISri Lanka (amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amabili namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nanhlanu namakhulu ayisishiyagalombili namashumi amathathu; 295,830)

Itiye eSri Lanka lingaphezu nje kwesitshalo. Kuyingxenye enkulu yomnotho wabo futhi kuwumthombo omkhulu wokuziphilisa kubantu abahlala kulesi siqhingi. Izinombolo ezisekela lesi simangalo ziyamangaza. Bangaphezu kwesigidi abantu abasebenza ngenxa yetiye. Ngaphezulu kwezigidigidi ezingu-1 zamaRandi kusukela ngo-1.3 ukuthi lingakanani itiye elinikele ku-GDP yaseSri Lanka. Umuntu angakhuluma isikhathi eside ngamaqiniso etiye naseSri Lanka. Iningi letiye elikhiqizwa lapha lithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe futhi amazwe amaningi empeleni athola iningi letiye lawo eSri Lanka. IRussia, i-United Arab Emirates, iSyria kanye neTurkey imbala, okuyizona eziphakathi kwabakhiqizi betiye abahamba phambili, bangenisa ingxenye enkulu yetiye labo eSri Lanka. Kuyisiqhingi esincane futhi iningi letiye litshalwa ezifundeni ezimbili: iKandy neNuwara Eliya.

3. Kenya (amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amathathu nantathu namakhulu amathathu nesishiyagalombili; 303,308)

Isikhundla seKenya njengomunye wabakhiqizi betiye abahamba phambili emhlabeni siyamangaza uma ubheka izimo zokusebenza zabalimi balezi zitshalo. Itiye liyisilimo semali esibaluleke kakhulu emnothweni waseKenya, kodwa abantu abalikhiqizayo bayazabalaza ukuze bakhiqize umkhiqizo. Awekho amapulazi amakhulu, imishini yesimanje encane kakhulu nezimo zokusebenza ezimbi.

Nokho iKenya ikleliswe endaweni yesithathu ekukhiqizweni kwetiye emhlabeni. Kuyamangaza lokhu. Cishe lonke itiye elilinywa eKenya yitiye elimnyama futhi iningi lalo lithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Kuncane kakhulu okusele ekusetshenzisweni kwasekhaya, okuqondakalayo, njengoba isidingo saso sincane, ngoba itiye liyisitshalo semali esibaluleke kakhulu kuleli zwe.

2. I-India (amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nane; 900,094)

Itiye, elaziwa kangcono ngokuthi i-chai, liyingxenye ebalulekile yesiko lamaNdiya. Ngokusemthethweni noma ngokungekho emthethweni, itiye lingabuye libizwe ngokuthi "Isiphuzo Sikazwelonke Sezwe", libaluleke kakhulu. Ukukhiqizwa kwetiye ezitolo ezinkulu kwaqala eNdiya ngesikhathi lapho iNdiya yayingaphansi kombuso wamaNgisi. I-East India Company yasebenzisa ngokugcwele itiye lase-Assam eselidume umhlaba wonke manje ngenkathi idala inkampani ehlukile ebizwa ngokuthi I-Assam Tea Company ukuze yengamele amasimu abo etiye e-Assam.

Kunesikhathi, esikhathini esingeside esidlule, lapho i-India itheleleka khona, yaba ngumkhiqizi wetiye ohamba phambili emhlabeni. Nokho, lokhu akunakushiwo namuhla. Ngokungafani neKenya neSri Lanka, iningi letiye elikhiqizwa eNdiya lisetshenziselwa ukudliwa ekhaya futhi ingxenye kuphela egcinwayo ukuze ithunyelwe kwamanye amazwe. Izifunda ezidume kakhulu ezitshala itiye eNdiya ngokungangabazeki yi-Assam ne-Darjeeling, kodwa itiye elitshalwa ezindaweni eziseningizimu ezungeze amagquma aseNilgiri nalo lidinga ukunakwa.

1. I-China (Isigidi samathani nekhulu namashumi amathathu; 1,000,130)

I-China ingumkhiqizi wetiye omkhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni. Kugxilwe ekukhiqizweni kwetiye eliluhlaza, eliphuzi nelimhlophe leqophelo eliphezulu. E-China, umhlaba omningi usetshenziselwa ukutshala itiye. Ngakho-ke, njengoba ukukhiqizwa kwetiye eChina kwakhula ngokuhamba kweminyaka, kanjalo nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Eqinisweni, cishe ama-80% ohlaza athunyelwa emhlabeni wonke avela eChina kuphela. KwakuseChina lapho umlando wetiye waqala khona. Esinye sezifunda ezindala ezaziwa ngokutshala itiye yisifunda saseYunnan eChina. I-Anhui neFujian ezinye izifunda ezimbili ezibaluleke kakhulu ezitshala itiye.

Iliphi izwe elikhiqiza itiye elikhulu kunawo wonke? Lifike kanjani itiye e-Iran? Uma ngempela ufunda lesi sihloko, ungase ukwazi ukuphendula le mibuzo. Njengamanje, kufanele ube nokuqonda kangcono ukuthi isitshalo singabaluleka kangakanani ezweni nakubantu balo. Kuyahlekisa uma ucabanga kanjalo, kodwa ubuhle bayo.